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In all computations for the friction clutch model, it has been assumed a homogeneous and isotropic material and all parameters and materials properties are listed in Table 1.
The ratio of inner to outer radius of friction surface (R), which is considered the single most important factor affecting the design parameters and thermal behaviour of friction clutch. 2.
The friction material of clutch should have perfect thermal properties and higher wear resistance for thermal stabilities. 4.
‘Mechanical Design’.
Blok, Fundamental Mechanical Aspects in Boundary Lubrication, SAE Trans., vol. 46, pp. 54–68, 1940

Introduction Rolling is a widely used vital metallic manufacturing process, through which the physical properties of the worked sheets are modified due to the evolution of texture and microstructure in the worked metallic pieces.
Generally, the factors of a rolling system influencing the development of textures and the microstructures in a worked sheet may be classified into two categories, the extrinsic and the intrinsic.
The intrinsic factors arise from the physical nature of the rolled metals, such as structure, SFE, purity and so on.
The extrinsic factors are referred as to the working conditions, like rolling speed, rolling geometry, rolling temperature, etc.
Anyway, once a material to be worked is determined, its intrinsic factors are given, and the working condition, i.e. the extrinsic factors, becomes the decisive part in the formation of rolling textures and microstructures, about which the mechanisms are of great value in industrial practices.

Among several desulphurization methods, KR stirring technology which is invented by Nippon Steel Corp in 1963 is proved to have high mechanical mixing efficiency and widely used in the world[2-5].
On the same conditions of desulfurizer and hot metal, the key factors affecting efficiency of desulphurization is mixing area and dispersity of desulfurizer in hot metal, also known as reaction dynamic condition[6].
Though some of the research results have made certain effect in application, the affect of hot metal ladle structure to KR desulphurization dynamic condition has not been referred to .Therefore, a special-shaped hot metal ladle for KR desulphurization was invented in this paper.
Fig.1 Flow state of KR stirring Special-shaped Ladle Posing According to the theory research results of KR stirring mixing performance, KR stirring desulphurization is a method of mixing reaction, whose property is partial immixture mixing and shearing dispersion in radical direction[8,9].
It is seen from the Fig.6 that the difference value of immixture depth between different ladles (the improvement of immixture depth using special-shaped ladle) shows tendency to increase with rotary speed; after the rotary speed arriving 111rpm, the difference value is affected slightly; at the same rotary speed, the improving effect of special-shaped ladle is better under insert depth of 200mm; the maximum added value of immixture depth using special-ladle is 193mm, 3.7 times more than circular ladle, under the condition of 200mm insert depth and 111 rpm rotary speed.

Under long-term loads, a variety of damages of columns have occurred duo to the degradations of timber properties.
It can be attributed to three main factors: (1) material defects and degradation of timber; (2) structural defects; (3) long-term and complex external forces.
Timbers in ancient Tibetan buildings have been used for many years and its mechanical properties have been greatly changed.
Compared with the new timbers, all properties of the old timbers have significantly decreased.
Li, Tree species investigation and material properties analysis of timber in ancient Architecture.

Electromagnetic wave absorbing properties in GHz region were investigated for magnetite prepared by hydrogen reduction of hematite, which was synthesized via drip thermal oxidation using a fluidized bed.
Referring to Table 1, it seemed that the absorption properties improved when the specific surface area of the powder product was high.
As indicated in Fig. 3(c), primary particles of the latter had both needle-like and sheet-like shapes, which could be one of the factors leading to the improvement in the electromagnetic wave absorption properties.
These properties were compared with those obtained via hydrogen reduction of hematite prepared by wet precipitation.
Puryanti, Magnetic and microwave adsorbing properties of magnetite-thermoplastic natural rubber nanocomposites, J.

After mechanical polishing, the specimens were annealed in a vacuum at 600 0C for 30 minutes before a chemicalpolishing to remove any oxidation and mechanical surface damages.
Lattice rotation near high angle grain boundary is small, while lattice rotation near low angle grain boundary is large, suggests that grain boundaries and grain orientations can affect the slip behavior.
In order to calculate to the elastic stress at an early deformation stage, we simply assumed that the mass within a grain is continuum and the mechanical properties of one grain depend on crystallographic orientation and can be calculated by the Eq. (1), where α, β, and γ are the direction cosines[5].
This result can be explained that the grain boundary property is more important factor for plastic deformation than the elastic stress in early deformation stage. 4.
The elastic stress in an early deformation stage was also calculated by using an FEM simulation, but the effect appears to be minor compared to the grain boundary properties.

These properties are significantly dependent upon environmental conditions to which it has been exposed [2].
Therefore, it can be said that the polycrystalline soft ferrites show very interesting electrical properties [3, 4].
Humidity, the concentration of water vapour in air, is the environmental factor affecting various industrial and agricultural sectors.
However, the compositions under investigations NiZn ferrites are also revealing the humidity related properties.
Gabal, Magnetic properties of NiCuZn ferrite nanoparticles synthesized using egg-white, Mater.

Then, we may wonder what physical meaning does B have exactly, what factors are related to it, and what material characteristics does it reflect, since there is still no perfect explaination on this issue, and it needs to be proved in theory.
C.Theory Three Considering the complexity of the theoretical analysis and the diversity of factors, Ono Kouhei came up with another way to describe the humidity control index, from actual measurement, commenly regarded as the 3rd theory[5].
(2) It is based on the linear relationship between the logarithm of absolute humidity and average outside temperature,which is gained from experiment observation,lacking theoretical basis and in need of theoretical arguments. (3) It is still unclear,in need of theoretical argument, what physical significancesvalue has exactly, what properties of the material it can reflect, and what factors it related to.
The existence of external pressure will merely affect the pressure of balanced vaporous water [6] slightly, which can be ignored.
When is 273.15K , changes into,and The general equation of and is (22) From the analysis above, we can conclude that bothandcan reflect the combination properties of moisture and material,which is closely related to binding energy (Moore adsorption heat or desorption heat).

Another physical property is the high crystallinity index of NCC (nanocrystalline cellulose), which is an essential factor for the increased mechanical strength when applied as reinforcement or filler to nanocomposite films and nano-membranes with PVA (Polyvinyl Alcohol) matrix [7, 8].
The main goal of this work focus on the morphological and physical properties of NCC.
The change of band located at 1630 cm-1 to 1690 cm-1 was shows hydrophilicity properties.
The crystallinity index affects the mechanical strength of the composite when used as a reinforcement in the polymer matrix.
NCC’s properties make this material potentially used as filler to reinforced nanocomposite.

Thus, there are: a) Direct methods: these are methods based on using a cutting drilling process for determining a machinability index; b) Indirect methods: these are methods of performing tests which do not involve a cutting process or where analysis of various physical and/or chemical properties allows formulating comments on the behavior of the analyzed material during drilling [3].
This scheme is characterized by the same disadvantage of possible affecting test results by chips accumulated in spaces between drill tool and test piece.
Value number NVj for each of the analyzed solutions j corresponds [9] to relation: Nvi=KijKi, (2) where factors Kij are the significance coefficients of each of the solutions a, b, c, d, e, determined successively for each of the criteria A, B, C, D, E, F, and Ki are significance coefficients.
Solution Criterion A Criterion B Decision Sum of positive decisions Nj Significance factor Decision Sum of positive decisions Nj Significance factor 1 2 3 1 2 3 a 1 0 1 0.2 0.5 1 0.5 0.3 b 0 0.5 0.5 0.1 0.5 0.5 1 0.2 c 1 1 2 0.4 0.5 1 1.5 0.3 d 0 1 1 0.2 0 1 1 0.2 e 0.5 1 1.5 0.3 1 1 2 0.4 Solution Criterion C Criterion D Decision Sum of positive decisions Nj Significance factor Decision Sum of positive decisions Nj Significance factor 1 2 3 1 2 3 a 0.5 0 0.5 0.1 0.5 0 0.5 0.1 b 0 1 1 0.2 0 0.5 0.5 0.1 c 1 1 2 0.4 0 1 1 0.2 d 0 0 0 0 0 0.5 0.5 0.1 e 0 1 1 0.2 0.5 0.5 1 0.2 Solution Criterion E Criterion F Decision Sum of positive decisions Nj Significance factor Decision Sum of positive decisions Nj Significance factor 1 2 3 1 2 3 a 0 0.5 1 0.2 0.5 1 1.5 0.3 b 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0.2 c 0 1 1 0.2 1 1 1 0.2 d 0 0 0 0 0 0.5 0.5 0.1 e 0.5 0.5 1 0.2 0.5 0.5 1 0.2 For each of the solutions a, b, c, d, e, value numbers are: Nva=0.2×0.133+0.3×0.066+0.1×0.033
Structure of equipment for evaluation of the machinability by drilling under constant force feed Conclusions A method of evaluating machinability by drilling which considers the mechanical charge generated by machining process is the drilling method under constant force feed.