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In order to improve its physical and mechanical properties, the additives and admixtures are added into the fresh concrete [1].
These improvements in physical and mechanical properties are (very) vastly desirable especially because concrete is characteristic by its brittle fracture and subsequent loss of load bearing capacity which is effective immediately upon the formation of a defect [3].
This is due to the fact that their properties are determined not only by the properties of the individual components but also by their portion per volume unit.
The resultant homogeneity of the fibre-reinforced concrete is essential as it determines the improvement of its properties.
The physical and mechanical properties of fibre-reinforced concrete can be variable depending on the distribution and orientation of the fibres.

Soilcement has high soundproofing properties because it perfectly absorbs noise.
Fly ash - finely dispersed dust with hydraulic and (or) pozzolanic properties.
These factors cause constant interest in this material and a constant desire for its improvement on the part of scientists and practitioners [9].
[3] Duan, Xue-lei and Jing-shuang Zhang Mechanical Properties, Failure Mode, and Microstructure of Soil-Cement Modified with Fly Ash and Polypropylene Fiber Advances in Materials Science and Engineering (2019)
Dedenova, Simulation of raw clay-calc-slag composites properties of obtained by molding.

Also, since titanium alloys are prone to texture heterogeneity, the microstructural changes can compound the anisotropy of the mechanical properties of the weld.
As the recrystallization kinetics of an LFW joint are affected by the original texture, this aspect must be considered as a component of the final texture at the joint.
The formability and fatigue life, both important in aerospace applications, are strongly affected by the texture anisotropy.
Those that have less pronounced textures appear to represent a mixture of i) unaffected grains and ii) others that have been thermally affected.
Wenk, "Texture and anisotropy: preferred orientations in polycrystals and their effect on materials properties".

(3)Subgrade bed.①The cleanliness of track bed have not yet reached the standard,the thickness of the clean ballast under the sleepers is not enough,the lot without clean ballast is relatively long,compaction caused the water can not efflux; ②Foundation containing a large amount of soil , the basis depth is below standard when laying cables; ③ Due to a variety of factors,there are a lot of soil ridge outside the track bed,forming water slot under the track bed, water can not efflux of subgrade heaving create the necessary condition.
(4) The track bed dirty occurs more serious in the frost damage place and there is the situation of ballast compaction, clay content excessive , artificial ballast exchange is not complete.After last year's statistics: frost heave deformation below 15mm took up 75%; frost heave affected the length of 10m or less accounted for 80% (Figure 2).
Analysis of the frost damage must begin with the basic elements of frost heaving departure [4-5]. 4.1 The influence of fillers on the frost heave Soil quality is the internal cause of frost heave occurring in subgrade, moisture in the soil under certain conditions, the strength of the soil frost heaving depends on Soil particle size and mineral composition, obtained through laboratory soil test bed base basic physical properties of the filler, results in the Table 1.
Table 1 Basic physical and mechanical properties of subgrade soil Particle composition（mm）/% The optimum water content /% Maximum dry density /% Liquid Limit /% Plastic limit /% Plasticity index Soil name 2~0.075 0.075~0.01 0.01~0.005 <0.005 9.7 66.7 9.3 4.3 16.8 1.67 36.8 20.6 16.7 Low liquid limit silty clay 4.2 The influence of water content on the frost heave Soil moisture is the external cause of Subgrade Frost Heave, is the key factor of subgrade freezing injury, different moisture content through the indoor track bed heave test, results in Table 2, figure 4.
The frost heave amount has exceeded the allowed range, which seriously affected the safety running of the railway. 4.3 The influence of temperature on the frost heave The frozen soil depend on the soil temperature; however, soil freezing temperature (negative temperature) depends on dispersion degree of the soil particles, water content, mineral composition and composition and concentration of aqueous solution.

System Configuration In this paper, the different design factors available for the improvement of the existing motor’s efficiency and torque has been considered.
For the permendur material properties given in Table III ,Pe and Ph are 3.44 W and 0.035 W respectively.
The number of stator slots and rotor poles are fixed as 6 and 8 respectively, considering the different factors including the speed of rotation, magnet material and grade, mechanical assembly of rotor and magnets, and the inertia re- quirements.
The slot-pole combination affects cogging torque also [10]- [11].
The leading properties of the selected SMC material (Somaloy 700 HR 3P) are given in Table VIII.

The presence of cellulose, which is hydrophilic in nature, lessens the mechanical properties of the bio-composites by increasing water uptake into the composites or also may affect the interfacial bonding between the polymer matrix and the fibers because the matrix is hydrophobic.
Introduction Polymer coating has become an important part of many applications and attracted much attention because of its unique properties.
Based on the finding from the literature, the number of coating layer and the duration of dipping becomes critical factors that contribute to the coating behaviors.
This might be due to the rise of coating thickness as discussed in the literature [11] where the thickness of the coating affects the water contact angle (Fig. 5 and Fig. 6).
Kondo, Dual-layered-coated mechanically-durable superomniphobic surfaces with anti-smudge properties, J.

Research of Fatigue Stress Cracking for Injection Mold Cavity Based on Ansys Workbench Qingchun Hu1,a , Ke Song 1, b, and Xiaoping Jiang 2,c 1 School of Mechanical and Automotive Eng, South China University of Tech, Guangzhou 2 Guangdong Xing Lian Precise Machinery Co, Foshan a huqc@scut.edu.cn, bziteng.006@163.com, c xpjiang@gdxl.com Keywords: Fatigue Stress Cracking; Thermal Stress Field; Fatigue Life; Injection Mold Abstract.
Injection side withstands the clamping force from mold clamping to mold opening and inner cavity withstands injection pressure, while the melt temperature affects the mold temperature distribution.
Solid works can import the model data to AWB in a high success rate [5].Auto mesh the model in AWB, set the unit type and define the material properties.
Set fatigue tool>Materials>Fatigue Strength Factor as 0.8; Loading>type>Zero-Based and Scale Factor as 1; Options>Mean Stress Theory>Soderberg.
Therefore, some suggestions for improving the fatigue life of the cavity are as follows, (1) Optimize the cooling tank fillet to reduce stress concentration and fillet mutation[7].(2) Improve the strength and stiffness as much as possible to increase the wall thickness of the cavity and reduce the maximum stress, at the same time take consideration of the increased wall thickness may affect the cooling efficiency.(3) Set up semi-constrained orientation at the bottom can reduce the stress concentration.

Average laser power, pulse repetition rate and scan speed are found to be the significant factors affecting the roughness of laser-polished surface.
Besides the laser polishing parameters, the assist gas applied during the process also affects the quality of laser-polished surface.
Since the combination of these two factors makes the laser pulse overlap, a relationship between the overlap and surface roughness is thereby revealed in this paper.
The change in these parameters’ value significantly affected the Sa.
Lin, Surface quality, microstructure, mechanical properties and tribological results of the SKD 61 tool steel with prior heat treatment affected by the deposited energy of continuous wave laser micro-polishing, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 234 (2016) 177-194

Factors that affect surface erosion, directly or indirectly, can be divided into three categories [3]: - physical and hydrodynamic principles liquids - technical factors acting on hydroerosion process - the parameters of action in AWJ technology.
Physical and hydrodynamic principles liquids: Identification of the basic properties of liquids will be based on physical and hydrodynamic principles.
Bicejova, Categories of factors influencing hydroerosion, in: Proc. 13th Int.
Zelenak et al., Comparison of mechanical properties of surface layers with use of nanoindentation and microindentation tests, Metalurgija 51/3 (2012) 309-312
Spišák, Assessment of properties thermal sprayed coatings realised using cermet blend powder, Metalurgija 53/4 (2014) 661-664

Micromechanical properties in micro area showed considerable decrease and creep resistance was significantly higher at middle dose.
As a result, the solubility of the polymer in solvent increases and the mechanical properties of the polymer deteriorate.
However, some experimental data have shown that PMMA transforms from a positive resist into a negative resist and the mechanical properties improve rather than degrade when it is irradiated with a high-influence ion beam.
However, mechanical properties such as hardness and elastic modulus of the polymer were dramatically deteriorated after a high-dose electron irradiation.
Our experimental results show that total radiation dose is a key factor to determine property changes in the electron-irradiated polymer.