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., on the microstructure and mechanical properties of magnesium alloys.
The deformation behaviors and microstructures evolution were affected by the stresses states and strains distribution in the deformation zone.
The frictional factor was 0.4, poison ratio was 0.35, yield stress was 80MPa, and the tangent model was 5MPa.
If the twins can not propagate uniformly to other grains, deformation will concentrate to certain twin bands with high Schmid factor, and the twin bands will transform into shear bands which can lead to the fracture of matrix.
The stress states in the roll bite zone affected the behavior of twin nucleation, propagation and twin bands intersection behaviors.

As noticed by Wang et al. [6], the following difficulties inherent in the dynamic-based methods should be overcome: (1) there are many factors, e.g. stiffness, mass and damping affecting the precision of test data and numerical solutions.
Hence, most of the dynamic identification algorithms unavoidably assume that there is no damping and the damage will not cause the variation in mass. (2) For modal testing, it is usually difficult to obtain the obvious and accurate mode shapes on some stiff civil structures. (3) Some methods, which detect damages through the changes of stiffness properties of structures, require the high-orders of modal data that are difficult to be obtained accurately.
Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing, 18(6) (2004), p. 1381-1399

Table 1 Mechanical property of roof and floor of 10 rock formation Position Rock property E 104Mpa ν σb /Mpa RM /Mpa σc /Mpa Pressure plate /Mpa Roof Mudstone 1.00 0.16 6.7 0.8 3.2 \ Floor Mudstone 3.20 0.31 7.6 1.2 5.6 1.55 During mining in working face, by conventional mine pressure observation method , “the three volume”, roof and floor and the characteristics of deformation and damage of coal seam were observed and analyzed.
Soft strata has good flexibility ,is easy to bend ,the caving is quite different from caving in hard strata, the caving height is not only affected by the mining height, but also affected by the advance speed ,supporting intensity factors.

This condition became a trigger factor of some researches that related on the EPS utilizations in many fields, as well as in Civil Engineering.
Results and Discussions Soil Properties.
In order to better understand of soil behavior, standard soil properties tests were applied and presented in table 2.
Table 2 Soil Properties of Soil Sampling No Soil Properties Units Results 1 Spesific Gravity (Gs) - 2.71 2 Initial water content (Wn) % 28.05 3 Sieve Analysis 4 a.
Jahandish, "Comparison of Some Engineering Properties of Expanded Polystyrene with Those of Soils," Transportation Research Record (1993) [5] A.

GH4169 alloy possesses above excellent mechanical properties from room temperature to 650 oC, good process ability, therefore, it has been widely used in aero engine and aircraft fasteners [1-5].
But the study and report on the relaxation properties of GH4169, are still relatively rare.
Considering all these factors comprehensively, the relaxation stability coefficient S is put forward to quantify relaxation stability.
The value of sth is calculated by a specific stress relaxation curve, so it will be affected by many factors that influence the stress relaxation test, including the temperature, the initial stress, initial strain and so on.
Under the combined effect of various factors, the relaxation stability of GH4169 alloy was improved by increasing the initial stress.

It has been revealed that EB vacuum refining and zone refining are effective, especially for the removal of Co and Ni, exhibiting better vacuum refining factors and segregation coefficients compared with those for iron.
Bajaj, Mechanical properties of candidate vanadium alloys for fusion applications, J.
Sakurai, Effects of titanium concentration on microstructure and mechanical properties of high-purity vanadium alloys, Mater.
Shen, Influences of minor Ti addition on microstructure and tensile properties of high-purity V-10Cr alloys, Mater.
Schroer, Corrosion behavior and mechanical properties of V-4Cr-4Ti alloy exposed at 500 and 700 °C to static Pb with ∼10-9mass% dissolved oxygen for 1000 h, J.

The material properties between the pile and the soil are quite different, and the tensile properties of the soil are very poor, so the unit of the pile-soil interface is chosen.
F=Fs+F0sinωt (1) (6) The Material Properties of the pile and the soil.
As follows: Table 1 Material properties of the pile materials elastic modulus E[Mpa] poisson ratio density ρ[kg/m3] radius d[m] length L[m] metal post 0.3 7800 0.1 10 Table 2 Material properties of the soil materials soil hickness H[m] compression modulus Ec[Mpa] poisson ratio agglutinating powerc c[kPa] internal friction angle expansive angle density ρ[kg/m3] clay1 1.5 16 0.29 18.9 12.8 18 1450 loose clay 1.5 20 0.29 30.4 22 15 1760 clay2 7 26 0.3 68.7 22.8 17.5 1850 The establishment and simulation of the pile-soil simulation model.
The frictional factor of the pile-soil system changes when the angle of friction changes.
Effect of Pile Installation on Static and Dynamic Soil Properties.

Thermo-Physical properties of Building Elements The response of the building fabric to the outdoor environment depends upon certain thermophysical properties of the building elements.
Both these properties are wavelength dependent.
The properties of the building element are then derived from the thermophysical properties of different material layers.
Three of these properties are important in the present context.
Combinations of materials with different properties are used to provide the necessary properties in an element.

The molar concentrations of impurities considered in this analysis are experimental findings lifted from [3] and are tabulated together with their properties [13] in Table 2.
Thermodynamic properties of the impurities considered in this study SN Thermodynamic properties Impurities considered H2S Pentane Propane 1 Critical temperature [K] 373.2 469.7 364.9 2 Critical pressure [Pa] 8.9×10-6 3.37×10-6 4.35×10-6 3 Acentric factor [ω] 98.6 304 203 4 Molar concentration [mol] 5.6×10-8 4.5×10-7 8×10-6 3.0 Results and Discussions 3.1 Pressure Variation with Different Combination of Impurities Four (4) scenarios were considered in this analysis: scenario 1, hydrogen alone, scenario 2, hydrogen mix with H2S, scenario 3, hydrogen mix with H2S and pentane, and scenario 4, hydrogen mix with H2S, pentane, and propane.
This can be attributed, among other factors, to variations in the acentric factors of gases [15].
Gases with high acentric factors possess very strong intermolecular forces of attraction and are closely packed together, which can lead to a decrease in the gas pressure, as demonstrated by pentane.
Poling, The properties of gases and liquids.

Chivavibul et al. [65] systematically studied the effects of both carbide size and Co content on the mechanical properties of the coatings.
These measured mechanical properties were discussed with the help of microstructures of the coatings investigated by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction and chemical analysis.
Finally, the hardness of the binder phase in these coatings was estimated to range from 1000 to 1300 HV by applying the mixture rule for composites to the experimental data, demonstrating that such hardening of the binder phase is a key factor affecting the mechanical properties of the coatings.
Shinoda, Effects of Carbide Size and Co Content on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of HVOF-Sprayed WC-Co Coatings.
Effects of carbide size and Co content on the microstructure and mechanical properties of HVOF-sprayed WC-Co coatings.