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For self-polishing coating with cuprous oxide serving as the main antifouling agent, the release rate of copper ions is one of the most important factors to evaluate its antifouling effect and validity period.
However, some problems arise with such antifouling paints: copper ions prone to aggregate and settle during storage and transportation, leading to the instability of cuprous release rate; copper in the antifouling paints should be used with other auxiliary toxic agents, while the resultant composite toxicity is almost equal to organotin compounds; also a large number of cuprous accumulation in the harbor may reduce the activity of the enzyme inside marine organisms, causing the increase of biological mortality; even copper ions at low concentration may have influence on the health of animals and plants through the enrichment affect of food chain, causing damage to the ecological balance[1].
The well dispersed nanoscale particles reinforced the structure of chlorinated polyether resin based on the different attractive capacities and resultant three-dimensional conjunction, as the resin itself was not dense, thus improved the density and mechanical properties of the coating.

Physical and mechanical property of the material was a key basis to determine the slope stability of waste pile.
Different material composition and diameter combination are all key factors that influence slope stability of waste pile.
As far as slope stability of the waste pile is concerned, difference of gradation and strain history are key factors of influence on failure.
References [1] Guanglong Huang, Jian Zhou, Xiaonan Gong: Stress-strain and Shear Strength Properties of Rock and Soil Materials of Waste Pile in Open Pit Mines.
[9] Jingping Wu, Yao Chu, Zhigang Lou: Influence of Particle Breakage on Deformation and Strength Properties of Calcareous Sands.

In this way, the analyte in all air holes is detected which can be affected through the evanescent field.
The energy overlap factor is defined as the percentage of energy propagating in the six big holes with respect to total mode energy.
The energy overlap factor is 0.00389 when holes are filled with air, and that is 0.0121 when holes are filled with water.
The optical properties of the PCF has been studied and some future design also been proposed especially on the biosensing performance, which can potentially operate on biochemical detecting applications and is useful for improving higher sensitivity.
Pei, Gas sensing properties of index-guided PCF with air-core, Optics & Laser Technology. 40 (2008) 167-174.

The mechanical properties of the composites were higher than those of the composites containing micro-scale CaF2, and the fracture toughness of the composites was higher than that of the composites without CaF2.
A12O3 ceramic tool has excellent high temperature mechanical properties and wear resistance, but it is brittle.
Table 7 Table of primary and secondary order of various factors of AT tool Table of primary and secondary order of various factors of AT tool Test index Primary and secondary order Cutting force F ap>fz>v Cutting temperature T ap>fz>v Surface roughness Ra v>ap>fz Table 8 Table of primary and secondary order of various factors of ATC tool Table of primary and secondary order of various factors of ATC tool Test index Primary and secondary order Cutting force F fz>ap>v Cutting temperature T ap>fz>v Surface roughness Ra v>ap>fz As can be seen from Tables 7 and 8, the addition of solid lubricant did not change the order in which the amount of cutting affects cutting temperature and surface roughness.
Thermophysical properties of Cu - matrix composites manufactured using Cu powder coated with graphene.
Effect of nanosized CaF2 on mechanical properties of self-lubricating ceramic material.

Based on the properties of bone and the required biological response, an ideal material can be defined.
To improve the mechanical properties of HA-PE hydrostatic extrusion was performed in collaboration with the IRC in Polymer Science and Technology, Leeds.
One of the major problems with the current generation of calcium phosphate-polymer composites has been their low mechanical properties, meaning that they can only be used in minor load bearing applications.
For the PE based composites the initial mechanical testing has consisted of tensile testing half size ISO 527 dumbbell specimens, at a cross-head speed of 5 mm min -1, using an MTS Bionix biaxial servo-hydraulic mechanical testing machine to define the basic tensile mechanical properties.
Katz: in "Mechanical Properties of Bone" ed S.C.

Surface modification means by fixing some cytokines on the surface or changing the surface local feature to improving the biocompatibility of the material or surface properties, so as to achieve a desired cell adhesion and growth effect.
The bone damage in sport seriously affects the sports participants’ movement technical level or improved quality of life.
Especially the gel network system in water and their different status, material composition, surface energy, surface charge state, topology structure and the surface of the biological specificity of recognition etc. factors are independent of each other, and interact with each other, which constituting its complexity.
Table 1 Mechanical property of composite materials Test item Numerical value Flexural strength 81MPa Compressive strength 103MPa Elongation at break 1% Modulus of elasticity 7.6GPa Good material-cell function interface is a cell adhesion, proliferation, and by activating cell specific gene expression, the maintenance of normal cellular phenotype and cell differentiation.
The use of growth factors and hormones may regulate cell growth and phenotypic expression of the principle of drug controlled release technique is introduced into the tissue engineering, can no longer be considered biocompatible, residue and matrix material selection and fabrication process of the problems, to minimize treatment of pain.In drug control matrix material supported various growth factors or hormones, to the seed cell quantitative, sustained release, in favor of cell growth and differentiation, is an ideal means of bone injury rehabilitation, current research is not yet ripe.

The coupled problem is solved through successive mechanical and magnetic finite element computations.
The next two sections show the application of the developed unified methodologies to Galfenol and Terfenol-D actuators.Galfenol Transducers Magnetostrictive iron-gallium alloys (Galfenol) possess structural-grade mechanical properties in addition to exhibiting moderate magnetostriction.
Chakrabarti and Dapino [25] formulated a modified energy-averaged model by superimposing a weighted global anisotropy energy on the local anisotropy energy and using an implicit definition for the smoothing factors.
Hence a small frictional force at this end does not affect the dynamic response of the actuator.
Another factor which influences the performance of hydraulic devices is seal friction.

Slurry flow visualisation of chemical mechanical polishing based on a computational fluid dynamics model Y.B.
The contact mechanics models assumed that the wafer and pad were in direct contact during the polishing process and the material removal rate was mainly influenced by the polishing pressure, pad and wafer physical properties and their interactions [5].
However, the increase of the pad rotational speed significantly affected the velocity vector field, referring to Figs. 3 (a), (d) and (e).
This can be explained by the Preston material removal model which is related to the polishing pressure, relative velocity of the pad and wafer and a constant that accounts for the other factors such as the interactions effect or chemicals [13].
Tanaka: Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, Part B, Vol. 73 (2007), p1806

Thus, the structure of boxes is an important element affecting the resistance capacity of boxes [1]
The changing of relative humidity affects the moisture content of box [3], and the moisture content of boards affects the contraction and expansion of paper boards
Reserch on Associated Factors with Structure Strength of Corrugated Cartons[J].
Influence of Enviromental Humidity on Mechanics Properties of Corrugated Fibreboard［J］.
Changes of Mechanical Properties of Corrugated Box during Storage［J］.

Introduction In order to overcome the brittleness of the intermetallic compounds at room temperature and increase its toughness, multilayer material is obtained by the overlapping of metals and intermetallic compounds by a certain ratio of layer spacing and layer thickness, the small interlayer spacing and multi-interface effects can make the properties of this material having layered structure be superior to the corresponding monomer[1,2].
For multilaminate materials, its interface is an important factor on its structure and performance.
The groove angle of the interface also affects the stability of the interface between the layered materials.
Conclusions For the Ti / TiAl multilaminate material prepared by a process of physical vapor deposition with electron beam, after high-temperature annealing, its microstructure shows a degraded state, with the increment of annealing temperature, because the diffusion of Al element to Ti layer aggravates, the content of an orderly phase reduces; holes formation is affected by the two factors of the stress changes caused by the temperature and Kirkendall effect during diffusion process; the grain growth is affected by the temperature and time, and it will lead to the roughening and even disappearing of the interface.
Microstructure and mechanical properties of laser melting deposited γ-TiAl intermetallic alloys.