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Determination of Amaranth By Fluorescence Spectrometry Honglong Zhu a, Wei Huang b and Feng Wang c College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Zaozhuang University, Zaozhuang, 277160, P.R.
Introduction Amaranth (AAT) [1- (4’- sulpho-1’- naphthalene azo)-2 - naphthol -3, 6- disulfonic acid sodium salt], is a kind of water-soluble azo red dye, and its structure is as follows.

They can form uniform film which has low shear strength on the surface of workpiece through the strong adsorption and the high-performance uniform chemistry between interface, and then the film is removed by mechanical function.
[7] P.Wrschka, J.Hernandez: Chemical mechanecal planarization of copper damascene structures.

Effect of DC Casting Processes on Microstructure of AlCu4.5Mn0.8 Alloy Li Zhoua, Genxiang Luob School of Chemistry and Material Science, Liaoning Shihua University, Fushun, 113001, Liaoning Province, China.
When the electromagnetic frequency is 20Hz, the grains with developed secondary dendrites trend to be eliminated, and the grains are mainly the short rod or rosette-shaped structures, shown as Fig.3 (b). when the electromagnetic frequency is 30 Hz, the microstructure of the billet is composed of the homogeneous and fine rosette-shaped equiaxed grains, and the distribution of grains is more homogeneous, the size of grain is refined obviously, shown as Fig.3 (c).

Effect of [Emim] Ac pretreatment on the structure and enzymatic hydrolysis of sugarcane bagasse cellulose.
Analytical Chemistry, 31(1959) 426–428.

PRETREATMENT EFFECT ON THE STABILITY OF COAL HEXANE COAL-WATER SUSPENSION N.E.Bekturganova1,a, M.Zh.Kerimkulova2,b, K.B.Musabekov2,c L.Baibulova1,d, M.Orynbasarova2,e, G.Makanova2,f 1Applied Chemistry Department, Kazakh National Technical University named K.Satpayev, Almaty, Kazakhstan 2al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan Email: abektur_n@mail.ru, b Moldir.Kerimkulova@kaznu.kz, c Kuanyshbek.Musabekov@kaznu.kz Key words: water coal suspension, stability, adsorbtion, fuel Abstract.
Presence of oil phase in the water-coal slurry enables the increase of hydrophobicity of lignite powder and achievement of a specific hydrophilic - hydrophobic balance of the surface thereof, which is required for the formation of constant coagulation structures.

The ground CaCO3 (GCC) and others ground CaCO3 which surface coated with nanometer needle-shaped CaCO3 or spherical CaCO3 with a particle size range of 20 ~ 100nm, named as needle-shaped CaCO3 (NCC) and the spherical CaCO3 (SCC), supplied by the State key laboratory breeding base of green chemistry-synthesis technology, Zhejiang University of Technology.
That’s because needle-shaped CaCO3 and spherical CaCO3 with nano–structure surface increased their specific surface area which enhanced the interaction with the matrix.

Catalytic Synthesis of Benzyl Acetate by Anion Exchange Resin Supported Waugh-Type (NH4)6[MnMo9O32]•8H2O LIU Shu Heng1, a, WANG Li Xia1,b, GUO Lin Lin1, c , YUAN Hua1, d, YANG Feng Zhen1 1 Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Cangzhou Normal College, Cangzhou, 061000, Hebei, China aliushuheng65@sina.com, bwanglixia93@sina.com, cguolinlin0613@163.com, dyh8276@163.com Keywords: anion exchange resin supported, Waugh-type, benzyl acetate.
Waugh structure (NH4)6[MnMo9O32]•8H2O is absorbed onto ion exchange resin as carrier for preparing solid supported catalyst.

Yakimova 1, g 1 Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, SE-58183 Linköping, Sweden 2 Laboratoire des Multimateriaux et Interfaces, UMR-CNRS 5615, UCB-Lyon1, 43 Bd du 11 nov. 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne, France a milbe@ifm.liu.se, b jean.lorenzzi@univ-lyon1.fr, c nikoletta.jegenyes@adm.univ-lyon1.fr, d jens.birch@ifm.liu.se, e misyv@ifm.liu.se, f gabriel.ferro@univ-lyon1.fr, g roy@ifm.liu.se Keywords: 3C-SiC, Sublimation Epitaxy, morphology, AFM, HRXRD Abstract. 3C-SiC layers have been grown by using sublimation epitaxy at a temperature of 2000°C, on different types of on-axis 6H-SiC(0001) substrates.
The crystal structure was assessed by HRXRD, using Philips X'Pert MRD triple axis diffractometer equipped with a symmetric 4 × Ge 220 monochromator and symmetric 3 × Ge 220 analyzer using Cu radiation.

Its theory is to carry out discharge of plasma in electrolyte on the surface of aluminum, magnesium, titanium or their alloy, and generate ceramic coating of oxide in-situ through complex reaction of electrochemistry, thermochemistry, and plasma chemistry etc.
Artificial neural network is a kind of information processing system, which can simulate the neural structure of human brain.

Green Ester Lubricants Based on Rapeseed Acid and their Lubricity Liao Dezhong1, He Jieyu2, Mao Li-xin1, Xu Yixue1 (1College of chemistry and chemical engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414000; 2 Institute of technology, Qiongzhou University, Sanya, Hainan ,572022) Keywords: Rapeseed acid; complex ester; biodegradable rate; lubricity Abstract: Several complex esters were synthesized from phthalic anhydride, neopentyl glycol and rapeseed acid.
The degree of polymerization(m) of intermediate 1 is in the range 1.42~4.52; then intermediate1 reacted with rapeseed acid, after which purification of the complex esters was accomplished, The structure of the product was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy.