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The highest reduction range is from 6,000 gallon/year to 500 gallon /year after switching from petroleum-based to soy oil based MWFs [3].
Data is collected and analyzed by software named Dewetron, 1000 sampling rate is used and 5v=5KN is selected in calibration mode before execute any cutting process.
Jayaram:Vegetable oils as a potential cutting fluid-An evolution, Tribology International 43,issue 5-6, (2010), pp. 1073-1081 [3] Waste Reduction Center University of Northern Iowa Cedar Falls: Soy metal working fluid Iowa on www.iwrc.org/downloads/pdf/CompanyA.pdf [4] T.S.Lee, C.F.How: A Study of Cutting Process Characteristics Using Organic and Inorganic Coolant, Proceedings of IEEE 2nd international conference of Mechanical and Electronics Engineering (ICMEE), 2010 2nd International, Vol.1, pp. 179-183, (Aug 2010)

There are so many improvements in the QEA, the fuse of two or more evolutionary algorithm can efficiently promote the performance of the QEA, Ding et al. proposed a quantum frog-leaping algorithm for the rough attribute reduction which an promote the achieve better results than before[9], Jiao et al. proposed the quantum-inspired immune clonal algorithm, simulation results show that the improved algorithm performs well[10], Li et al. proposed the new quantum ant optimization, which uses phase encoded[11].
Simulation results for the dynamic knapsack problems．DQABC and QEA are compared on the dynamic knapsack problems, and the data that used for simulation can be got from literature [1].The scale of problems can be set 100, 250, 500, 1000, 2000 and 3000, the two algorithms run for twenty times and the statistical results are listed as Table4.
“Efficient rough attribute reduction based on quantum frog-leaping co-evolution”, ACTA ELECTRONICA SINICA, Vol.39(2011): pp. 2597-2603（In Chinese）

Strong interaction between bedrock and earth core might lead to quite large differential displacement, large shearing stress and a reduction in stress at the bottom of earth core.
Stress reduction might even lead to negative stress in earth core and rock filled shell zone.
Therefore, arrangement and analysis of computation data was focused on the time when dam construction completed and water level reached normal storage level.

NLTP treatment causes increase in specific surface along with reduction of average grain size of zeolite.
However, it should be noted that long duration of NLTP treatmentcauseslocal heating of material and its surface meltingresulting into specific porosity reduction and therefore decrease in soption capacity (Figure 1).
The obtained data has shown substantial growth of chemical sorption of NLTP treated zeolites with all investigated sorbates (Figure 3).

In order to ensure the reliability of data, the test shall be repeated for three times and the mean value shall be taken; the relative wear resistance ε of the wear-resistant coating denotes the test result, and ε=W1/W, where ε is the relative wear resistance, W1 is the volume wear rate (mm3) of contrast sample while W is the volume wear rate (mm3) of coating; the wearing surface appearance shall be observed by using S-530 scanning electron microscope (SEM).
Seen from Fig. 2 and Table 1, the volume wear rate of coating appears a law that it reduces first and then increases with the reduction of particle size regardless the size of abrasion angle; when the particle size is 60-80 mesh, the volume wear rate is the smallest while the wear resistance is the greatest and the relative wear resistance of coating is 28-41 times that of Q235 steel.
When the particle size is too small, the contact face of small particles and the matrix is small, the pining depth is shallow, the particles are not firmly bonded with the matrix, as shown in Fig. 6; sometimes the filler particles are agglomerated; the particles are easy to loosen and shed off under the repeated abrasion of abrasive particles which results in that a large area of matrix is exposed in the medium to cause serious damages and the reduction of wear resistance of coating.

The distance to the obstacle can then be determined based on the reduction in signal strength.
SL = 10log(Vout2ρcEout/(4πpref2Rout)) dB. (3) The transmission loss (TL) is the reduction in signal strength due to spreading and absorption.
Further upgrades for the AUV sensor modeling as a whole includes adding other sensors such as DVL, accelerometer and compass into the sensor model, and validates the simulated results with real-time data obtained from the modeled sensors.

Mechanical properties of the constituent materials deduced from experimental data [9].
Afterward, there is a gradual reduction of the stiffness along with the spreading of damage within the first layer of the matrix.
In the first case, the reduction of global stiffness is high, and the peak load cannot be captured properly.

Data in Table 1 also shows the changes of the apparent porosity with different particle size of alumina pellets.
These results indicate that the MgO can accelerate and promotes the densification during sintering stage and finally lead to the reduction porosity value of the consolidated structure.
In fact both the densification and reduction of porosity can be accelerated with the addition of small amount of sintering aid, MgO, and this is clearly shown in both particles size as presented in Table and Figures above.

Particularly, the rapid solidification lead to microstructure refinement, extension of the solid solubility of alloying elements, reduction of the alloying elements segregation and the development of transition and metastable phases that are not observed during conventional casting [1-3].
As-compressed billets were extruded at ~670K with the cross-section reduction ratio of l=19 and as extruded rods of 7 mm in diameter were used in experiments described below.
According to literature data [8-11] in Al-Mn systems formation of quasicrystals or metastable phases can be observed.

Generally, in chemical methods AuNPs generally produced by reduction of chloroauric acid (HAuCl4) using stabilizing agents.
Plant extracts are reported to be a more beneficial resource because they contain various plant metabolites such as alkaloids, polyphenols which are involved in the formation of AuNPs by the reduction of metal ions [1, 2].
The data was recorded at 45 kV, 40 mA, and over a range of 2q = 5-100° with a scanning rate of 2q/min [3, 4].