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Online since: October 2014
Authors: Ionel Dănuț Savu
The interaction is determined by the material characteristics and the main factor is the susceptibility to absorption of microwaves.
The properties of the base materials, determined by mechanical testing just before the microwave heating are presented in Table 1 and Figure 3.
Table 1 Properties of used HDPE 100 and HDPE 80 PROPERTIES (average of 3 probes) UNIT HDPE 100 HDPE 80 Density (23oC) - ISO 1183 g/cm3 0.950 0.942 Melting Flow Rate 190 oC - ISO 1133 g/10 min 0.06 0.15 Breaking Elongation - ISO 527-2 % 720 785 Yield Stress Endurance - ISO 527-2 MPa 25 21 Elasticity Module - ISO 527-2 MPa 1110 875 Brittleness Temperature - ASTM D-746 oC -66 -62 Thermal Conductivity (20 / 150 OC) - DIN 52612 W/mK 0.4 / 0.2 0.4 / 0.2 Fig. 3 Thermal conductivity Welding process For the welding process two foils were overlapped positioned (Figure 4) and two types of contact with ceramic were used: first, the two foils were placed between two ceramic blocks and the second, between the two foils ceramic powder (Al2O3) was placed.
Yang, Thermal and Mechanical Property Research of Polyethylene Modified by Reactive Quatemary Ammonium Salt, Advanced Material Research, vol. 643, 37-42, 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.643.37 [13] F.J.
Poeppel, Polyethylene Gradient Material, Processing and Properties, Material Science Forum, vol. 308-311, 101-106, 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.308-311.101
The properties of the base materials, determined by mechanical testing just before the microwave heating are presented in Table 1 and Figure 3.
Table 1 Properties of used HDPE 100 and HDPE 80 PROPERTIES (average of 3 probes) UNIT HDPE 100 HDPE 80 Density (23oC) - ISO 1183 g/cm3 0.950 0.942 Melting Flow Rate 190 oC - ISO 1133 g/10 min 0.06 0.15 Breaking Elongation - ISO 527-2 % 720 785 Yield Stress Endurance - ISO 527-2 MPa 25 21 Elasticity Module - ISO 527-2 MPa 1110 875 Brittleness Temperature - ASTM D-746 oC -66 -62 Thermal Conductivity (20 / 150 OC) - DIN 52612 W/mK 0.4 / 0.2 0.4 / 0.2 Fig. 3 Thermal conductivity Welding process For the welding process two foils were overlapped positioned (Figure 4) and two types of contact with ceramic were used: first, the two foils were placed between two ceramic blocks and the second, between the two foils ceramic powder (Al2O3) was placed.
Yang, Thermal and Mechanical Property Research of Polyethylene Modified by Reactive Quatemary Ammonium Salt, Advanced Material Research, vol. 643, 37-42, 10.4028/www.scientific.net/AMR.643.37 [13] F.J.
Poeppel, Polyethylene Gradient Material, Processing and Properties, Material Science Forum, vol. 308-311, 101-106, 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.308-311.101
Online since: July 2013
Authors: Michael Brennan, Fabricio de Almeida, Simon Dray, Phillip Joseph, Stuart Whitfield
However, tables are often inaccurate because of insufficient knowledge of the pipe properties and geometry.
The greatest error, however, is likely to be in the estimate of the wavespeed as this varies dramatically depending on the pipe, such as the material properties and the geometry [4,5,8,9].
Of interest here is how an error in the wavespeed affects the estimate of the distance .
It is also probable that the wavespeed estimate may be different in the two directions due to various factors in the measurements.
These predominantly affect the signal to noise ratio which has a profound effect on the wave speed estimate.
The greatest error, however, is likely to be in the estimate of the wavespeed as this varies dramatically depending on the pipe, such as the material properties and the geometry [4,5,8,9].
Of interest here is how an error in the wavespeed affects the estimate of the distance .
It is also probable that the wavespeed estimate may be different in the two directions due to various factors in the measurements.
These predominantly affect the signal to noise ratio which has a profound effect on the wave speed estimate.
Online since: September 2014
Authors: Gerardo de Canio, Ivan Roselli, Marialuisa Mongelli, Angelo Tatì
The model was built with Equivalent Materials (EMs) characterized with appropriately scaled mechanical properties according to the similitude methodology.
The mechanical properties of the three different Hagia Irene masonry types and related scaling factors for the preparation of the shaking table tests were illustrated in a previous work [1].
Whereas, the time scaling factor was equal to 3.16 (square root of 10).
The latter resulted very similar the global FRF, confirming that the central arch is the most important macroelement affecting the global behavior of the structure.
This is particularly important as the used time scaling factor led to seismic input duration of less than 15 s.
The mechanical properties of the three different Hagia Irene masonry types and related scaling factors for the preparation of the shaking table tests were illustrated in a previous work [1].
Whereas, the time scaling factor was equal to 3.16 (square root of 10).
The latter resulted very similar the global FRF, confirming that the central arch is the most important macroelement affecting the global behavior of the structure.
This is particularly important as the used time scaling factor led to seismic input duration of less than 15 s.
Online since: May 2024
Authors: Ruben Cuamatzi-Melendez, Fernando Juárez-López, Melchor Salazar-Martínez
Introduction
The misorientation angle between adjacent grains of steels, has become one of the major concerns for the study of some mechanical and toughness properties of irons [1-5], carbon steel [3, 6], stainless steel [7-8], other types of steels [8-10] and different alloys [11-12].
It can be observed that one of the major factors that make up the constitution of ferrite grains, different to its size, is their orientation with respect to their neighbouring grains.
This property has a strong influence on steels with low mechanical properties such as mild steels, like Grade A ship plate steels used for the construction of merchant ships.
Fig. 13c also shows that the twist boundary strongly affects the surface appearance of a steel and consequently the fracture toughness properties of the steel because, as mentioned above, twist boundary offers more resistance for cleavage propagation.
Ding et al., The effects of grain boundary misorientation on the mechanical properties and mechanism of plastic deformation of Ni/Ni3Al: A molecular dynamics study, Materials 13 (2020) 1–21
It can be observed that one of the major factors that make up the constitution of ferrite grains, different to its size, is their orientation with respect to their neighbouring grains.
This property has a strong influence on steels with low mechanical properties such as mild steels, like Grade A ship plate steels used for the construction of merchant ships.
Fig. 13c also shows that the twist boundary strongly affects the surface appearance of a steel and consequently the fracture toughness properties of the steel because, as mentioned above, twist boundary offers more resistance for cleavage propagation.
Ding et al., The effects of grain boundary misorientation on the mechanical properties and mechanism of plastic deformation of Ni/Ni3Al: A molecular dynamics study, Materials 13 (2020) 1–21
Online since: July 2014
Authors: Chun Fang Yi, Yi Xin Chen, Pei Song Liang
Corona, as an inevitable influence factor in insulator’s operation, its effect to the material could not be ignored.
And the effect way to study corona’s affect is use the artificial corona[3].
After 100 hours corona effect, the black product come out and the affect area showed a radial effect right under the needles.
It showed that the corona had chemical corrosion and mechanical erosion to the material.
IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, Vol. 6 No. 5, October 1999 [2]CIGRE WG D 1.14, “Material properties for non-ceramic outdoor insulation: State of the art”, Technical Brochure No. 255, 2004
And the effect way to study corona’s affect is use the artificial corona[3].
After 100 hours corona effect, the black product come out and the affect area showed a radial effect right under the needles.
It showed that the corona had chemical corrosion and mechanical erosion to the material.
IEEE Transactions on Dielectrics and Electrical Insulation, Vol. 6 No. 5, October 1999 [2]CIGRE WG D 1.14, “Material properties for non-ceramic outdoor insulation: State of the art”, Technical Brochure No. 255, 2004
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Wen Qing Zhang, Hua Liu, Hui Qin Yang, Xu Ning Liu, Yuan Li
The models that are built between tree growth management and various parameters that affect tree growth management model using neural network modeling technology are used to conduct comprehensive study; Expert system is used for expert reasoning and judgment, and study how to collect, summarize and analyze the experience and knowledge of the field of expert, analyze expert system knowledge, as well as the reasoning mechanism, and make full use of the characters of the expert system reasoning.
Growth Modeling Techniques The link between tree growth model and influencing factors requires mining, and the plant growth simulation models are improved.
Considering environmental factors, the simulation of the process of tree growth is made using data in the field of tree growth management ontology database, the tree growth management and related factors that affect tree growth management growth model are made, these models quickly and accurately contribute to obtain and analyze a variety of information of the state of tree growth and the environment.
Tree growth simulation mainly presents qualitative observations of different growth conditions, and different growth stages of trees, judge growth mode, determine the overall framework of the morphology of description, measure the quantitative determination of tree topology, geometry, mechanical properties, extract rules morphology model of the trees, simulate tree growth based on growth rules, and the establishment of tree growth model based on a variety of competitive factors.
Conclusion The paper performs depth study on tree growth simulation model, and the integrated use of tree growth simulation model technology, the ontological techniques, neural networks and expert systems technology are used to establish tree growth management decision model, then tree growth management resources data can form unified platform for the sharing, fully considering the various factors that affect tree growth management and the degree of standardization of data, make integrated growth simulation model and the analysis and evaluation system, so generate dynamic and intelligent decision-making information which are applicable to the different experimental designs.
Growth Modeling Techniques The link between tree growth model and influencing factors requires mining, and the plant growth simulation models are improved.
Considering environmental factors, the simulation of the process of tree growth is made using data in the field of tree growth management ontology database, the tree growth management and related factors that affect tree growth management growth model are made, these models quickly and accurately contribute to obtain and analyze a variety of information of the state of tree growth and the environment.
Tree growth simulation mainly presents qualitative observations of different growth conditions, and different growth stages of trees, judge growth mode, determine the overall framework of the morphology of description, measure the quantitative determination of tree topology, geometry, mechanical properties, extract rules morphology model of the trees, simulate tree growth based on growth rules, and the establishment of tree growth model based on a variety of competitive factors.
Conclusion The paper performs depth study on tree growth simulation model, and the integrated use of tree growth simulation model technology, the ontological techniques, neural networks and expert systems technology are used to establish tree growth management decision model, then tree growth management resources data can form unified platform for the sharing, fully considering the various factors that affect tree growth management and the degree of standardization of data, make integrated growth simulation model and the analysis and evaluation system, so generate dynamic and intelligent decision-making information which are applicable to the different experimental designs.
Online since: November 2009
Authors: Jian Qiu Wang, X.Q. Liu, X.C. Chang, W.L. Hou, Y.G. Zheng
Influence of HVOF Thermal Spray Process on the Microstructures and
Properties of Fe-based Amorphous / Nano metallic Coatings
X.Q.
The coating microstructure, amorphous phase content and properties under different HVOF processes were evaluated.
Also, the nano phase embedded in the amorphous matrix is advantageous to improve the mechanical properties.
So the oxygen / fuel ratio is also a critical factor affecting coating quality.
The difference of corrosion properties for the coatings sprayed at different parameters is mainly due to the difference in coating microstructure.
The coating microstructure, amorphous phase content and properties under different HVOF processes were evaluated.
Also, the nano phase embedded in the amorphous matrix is advantageous to improve the mechanical properties.
So the oxygen / fuel ratio is also a critical factor affecting coating quality.
The difference of corrosion properties for the coatings sprayed at different parameters is mainly due to the difference in coating microstructure.
Online since: June 2012
Authors: Pei Pei Jia, Qin Yi, Jie Min Liu, Hui Li Fan
The properties can be improved by special pre-coating paints [2].
Moreover, decorative finish aspects as color and structure and defined surface properties e.g. scratch resistance or anti-fingerprint properties are of increasing importance [3].
In order to determine the best ratio and composition for colored steel sheet, Table 1 was the seven factors mixed-level orthogonal testing.
Pigment binder ratio also had impact on the properties of adhesion and MEK-resistant.
The relatively high surface tension of the coating would affect the wetting of substrate, film properties, surface performance because the sheet metal was galvanized.
Moreover, decorative finish aspects as color and structure and defined surface properties e.g. scratch resistance or anti-fingerprint properties are of increasing importance [3].
In order to determine the best ratio and composition for colored steel sheet, Table 1 was the seven factors mixed-level orthogonal testing.
Pigment binder ratio also had impact on the properties of adhesion and MEK-resistant.
The relatively high surface tension of the coating would affect the wetting of substrate, film properties, surface performance because the sheet metal was galvanized.
Online since: August 2016
Authors: Eva Labašová, Rastislav Ďuriš, Vladimír Labaš
To design and to dimension the structural elements of the machines (e.g. shaft), it is necessary to know the fundamental mechanical properties of materials, such as modulus of elasticity or shear modulus.
Simple twist The course of shear stress in the cross-section of the component is affected by the shape of the component.
Figure 3 shows the course of shear stress for circular and hollow circular cross-section and basic properties of sections are shown in Table 1.
Properties of cross-sections d D d Jp πd432 πD4-d432 Wk πd316 πD4-d416D In practice, when dimensioning the constructions, we are interested in the extreme values of stresses.
Summary The contribution deals with determination of the shear modulus for rods with circular and hollow circular cross-sections with the unknown material properties.
Simple twist The course of shear stress in the cross-section of the component is affected by the shape of the component.
Figure 3 shows the course of shear stress for circular and hollow circular cross-section and basic properties of sections are shown in Table 1.
Properties of cross-sections d D d Jp πd432 πD4-d432 Wk πd316 πD4-d416D In practice, when dimensioning the constructions, we are interested in the extreme values of stresses.
Summary The contribution deals with determination of the shear modulus for rods with circular and hollow circular cross-sections with the unknown material properties.
Online since: June 2023
Authors: Purwanto Purwanto, Nirmana Fiqra Qaidahiyani, Muhammad S. Ikbal, Djamaluddin Djamaluddin
The shear strength of rocks was influenced by internal and external factors whose presence can reduce the shear strength of rocks.
Introduction Rocks in the field are discontinuous, anisotropic, and heterogeneous materials so that the physical and mechanical properties of rocks can vary even for rocks with the same lithology.
The shear strength of rocks is influenced by internal and external factors whose presence can reduce the magnitude of the shear strength in rocks.
One of the most common factors is the discontinuous plane that separates the blocks in the rock mass.
Physical properties test, physical properties test is carried out to see rock characteristics related to rock strength during mechanical testing.
Introduction Rocks in the field are discontinuous, anisotropic, and heterogeneous materials so that the physical and mechanical properties of rocks can vary even for rocks with the same lithology.
The shear strength of rocks is influenced by internal and external factors whose presence can reduce the magnitude of the shear strength in rocks.
One of the most common factors is the discontinuous plane that separates the blocks in the rock mass.
Physical properties test, physical properties test is carried out to see rock characteristics related to rock strength during mechanical testing.