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Online since: November 2015
Authors: M. Jayachandran, J. Shanthi, A. Ayeshamariam, S. Thanka Rajan, S. Rani
Introduction
The CdSe thin films may be prepared by a number of deposition techniques like thermal evaporation, sputtering, chemical bath deposition, pulsed laser deposition, spray pyrolysis, molecular beam epitaxy and successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction method.
The grain size shows decreasing trend with increasing Indium content in Fig. 1a.
This can be ascribed to the increased lattice dislocation leading to an increase of donor sides developed at the nano grain boundaries.
The measured RMS value is about 8.1 which is less and shows rather smaller grain size as well as the more uniform morphology.
The grain size shows decreasing trend with increasing Indium content in Fig. 1a.
This can be ascribed to the increased lattice dislocation leading to an increase of donor sides developed at the nano grain boundaries.
The measured RMS value is about 8.1 which is less and shows rather smaller grain size as well as the more uniform morphology.
Online since: January 2016
Authors: Kateřina Kubenková, Marek Jašek
However, their overall energy performance, from the design point of view [2], [3], is affected by a number of indicators, including: structural design solutions at the system boundary of the building and their composition (eg. wooden buildings, brick buildings, etc.) [4], the types of materials used for construction at the building system boundary (eg. thermal insulation based on plastics, based on natural materials, etc.), the thickness of the materials used for construction of the building at the system boundary and types of fillings of apertures in the envelope and not the least solutions of thermal bonds in the form of contacts between the various structural components of the building at building boundary system.
Legend of structures compositions: OS1 – facade - silicone-grained silicate plaster 2 mm - penetration of the base 1 mm - adhesive and leveling compound 3 mm - reinforcing glass fiber fabric (leno) 1 mm - thermal insulation of EPS graphite (ʎd,max = 0,032 W/m·K) 260 mm - adhesive and leveling compound 3 mm - penetration of the base 1 mm - masonry ceramic blocks 250 mm - internal plaster 10 mm OS2 - base - silicone-grained silicate plaster 2 mm - penetration of the base 1 mm - silicone-grained silicate plaster 2 mm - penetration of the base 1 mm - adhesive and
Legend of structures compositions: OS1 – facade - silicone-grained silicate plaster 2 mm - penetration of the base 1 mm - adhesive and leveling compound 3 mm - reinforcing glass fiber fabric (leno) 1 mm - thermal insulation of EPS graphite (ʎd,max = 0,032 W/m·K) 260 mm - adhesive and leveling compound 3 mm - penetration of the base 1 mm - masonry ceramic blocks 250 mm - internal plaster 10 mm OS2 - base - silicone-grained silicate plaster 2 mm - penetration of the base 1 mm - silicone-grained silicate plaster 2 mm - penetration of the base 1 mm - adhesive and
Online since: September 2022
Authors: Ratna Sunil Buradagunta, Venkateswarlu Badisha, Suni Kumar Rajulapati
Hence, limited number of phases is qualified to be used as reinforcements to develop Mg based composites.
higher cell viability [14] 3 Pure Mg Tricalcium phosphate Improved yield strength, compressive strength, damping characteristics and corrosion resistance [15] 4 Pure Mg Hydroxyapatite, Magnesium oxide Increased corrosion resistance and biocompatible [16] 5 AZ31 Carbon-nanotubes (CNTs) Improved tensile strength, Young’s modulus, and elongation [17] 6 Mg-1Sn Alumina Improved compression strength, bioactivity and corrosion properties [18] 7 AZ91 Hydroxyapatite Better mechanical properties and corrosion properties [19] 8 AZ91 Florapatite Improved hardness and elastic modulus, corrosion resistance [20] 9 Mg66Zn30Ca4 Bulk metallic glass Decreased corrosion rate, increased tissue compatibility [21] 10 Mg- Ca Hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate Improved mechanical properties and enhanced corrosion resistance [22] 11 Mg2Zn Alumina Better mechanical properties and excellent corrosion resistance. [23] 12 ZK60 Hydroxyapatite Better corrosion and wear properties [24] 13 Mg Titanium oxide Better grain
Similarly, Lei et al., [33] also investigated the corrosion behavior of Mg-MgO composites in simulated body fluids and better corrosion resistance was observed due to the grain refinement and the presence of MgO.
Current research progress in grain refinement of cast magnesium alloys: A review article.
higher cell viability [14] 3 Pure Mg Tricalcium phosphate Improved yield strength, compressive strength, damping characteristics and corrosion resistance [15] 4 Pure Mg Hydroxyapatite, Magnesium oxide Increased corrosion resistance and biocompatible [16] 5 AZ31 Carbon-nanotubes (CNTs) Improved tensile strength, Young’s modulus, and elongation [17] 6 Mg-1Sn Alumina Improved compression strength, bioactivity and corrosion properties [18] 7 AZ91 Hydroxyapatite Better mechanical properties and corrosion properties [19] 8 AZ91 Florapatite Improved hardness and elastic modulus, corrosion resistance [20] 9 Mg66Zn30Ca4 Bulk metallic glass Decreased corrosion rate, increased tissue compatibility [21] 10 Mg- Ca Hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate Improved mechanical properties and enhanced corrosion resistance [22] 11 Mg2Zn Alumina Better mechanical properties and excellent corrosion resistance. [23] 12 ZK60 Hydroxyapatite Better corrosion and wear properties [24] 13 Mg Titanium oxide Better grain
Similarly, Lei et al., [33] also investigated the corrosion behavior of Mg-MgO composites in simulated body fluids and better corrosion resistance was observed due to the grain refinement and the presence of MgO.
Current research progress in grain refinement of cast magnesium alloys: A review article.
Online since: September 2011
Authors: Zhi Gang Zhang, Hua Li, Wei Wu, Jia Jie Hua, Guo Feng Cheng, Chu Cheng Lin, Zi Wei Liu
Samples and Experiments
The five black-glazed shreds, numbered as QL1-QL5, are shown in Fig.1.
The image of low magnification of small oil spots is shown in Fig. 2(a), Fig. 2(b) is a close-up of one crystal grain, the length and width of the crystal grain were about 175nm and 75nm.Fig.2(c) is the electron diffraction pattern of Fig. 2(b), according the results of XRD and the electron diffraction pattern, it can be concluded that the crystal grain is mainly ε-Fe2O3 in the orientation of the zone axis [001], and the indexing of the electron diffraction pattern is shown in Fig. 2(c).
The image of low magnification of small oil spots is shown in Fig. 2(a), Fig. 2(b) is a close-up of one crystal grain, the length and width of the crystal grain were about 175nm and 75nm.Fig.2(c) is the electron diffraction pattern of Fig. 2(b), according the results of XRD and the electron diffraction pattern, it can be concluded that the crystal grain is mainly ε-Fe2O3 in the orientation of the zone axis [001], and the indexing of the electron diffraction pattern is shown in Fig. 2(c).
Online since: March 2024
Authors: Sweetlin Jebarani J.P. Annie, K.M. Prathiksha, K. Kaviya, P.M. Kavya Dharshini
A silo is a commonly used storage structure for the storage of bulk materials such as grain and cement.
Silos are generally used for bulk stowing of grain, coal, cement, carbon black, woodchips, food products, and sawdust.
Stiffener provisions details Stiffener Number of stiffeners Spacing Horizontal (ISA 65x65x6 mm) 8 1.5m c/c Vertical 8 1.5m c/c Design of the top cover.
A total number of 8 piles have been provided with a pile cap.
[5] Zhijun Xu & Pengfei Liang, “Modifed lateral pressure formula of shallow and circular silo considering the elasticities of silo wall and storage materials”, Scientific Reports, Article number: 7069 (2022)
Silos are generally used for bulk stowing of grain, coal, cement, carbon black, woodchips, food products, and sawdust.
Stiffener provisions details Stiffener Number of stiffeners Spacing Horizontal (ISA 65x65x6 mm) 8 1.5m c/c Vertical 8 1.5m c/c Design of the top cover.
A total number of 8 piles have been provided with a pile cap.
[5] Zhijun Xu & Pengfei Liang, “Modifed lateral pressure formula of shallow and circular silo considering the elasticities of silo wall and storage materials”, Scientific Reports, Article number: 7069 (2022)
Online since: November 2011
Authors: Guo You Gan, Jing Hong Du, Lei Zhang, Ji Kang Yan, Jia Min Zhang, Jian Hong Yi, Quan Wu, Ya Zheng
The influences of the milling times, the dispersant agents, speed and ratio of ball to powder on the distribution of particle size, the shape of grain and the specific surface are studied.
Apparent density in the table was measured by funnel; specific surface area was counted by the formula: S=6/Dρ (1) Tab. 1 Size distribution of spherical silver Accumulative percentage% 10 50 90 Particle size(μm) 2.85 5.40 10.62 Tab. 2 Orthogonal factors and the level design Factor A B C(h) D(r/min) Level 1 3:1 oleic acid 15 150 Level 2 6:1 calcium stearate 20 200 Level 3 9:1 oleic acid and calcium stearate 25 250 Tab. 3 Orthogonal text Test number Factor apparent density (g/cm3) tap density (g/cm3) D50 particle size (μm) specific surface area (m2/g) A B C D 1 1 1 1 1 1.757 2.342 6.97 0.82 2 1 2 2 2 1.170 1.624 9.59 0.60 3 1 3 3 3 1.529 2.243 2.21 2.58 4 2 1 2 3 1.391 1.987 7.01 0.82 5 2 2 3 1 1.226 1.624 12.9 0.44 6 2 3 1 2 1.501 2.008 2.00 2.87 7 3 1 3 2 1.314 1.686 5.36 1.31 8 3 2 1 3 0.894 1.430 10.6 0.54 9 3 3 2 1 1.222 1.786 4.33 1.32 K1 4.456 4.462 4.152 4.205 K2 4.118 3.290 3.783 3.985 K3 3.430 4.252 4.069 3.814 k1 1.486 1.487 1.384 1.402 k2 1.373 1.097 1.261
Apparent density in the table was measured by funnel; specific surface area was counted by the formula: S=6/Dρ (1) Tab. 1 Size distribution of spherical silver Accumulative percentage% 10 50 90 Particle size(μm) 2.85 5.40 10.62 Tab. 2 Orthogonal factors and the level design Factor A B C(h) D(r/min) Level 1 3:1 oleic acid 15 150 Level 2 6:1 calcium stearate 20 200 Level 3 9:1 oleic acid and calcium stearate 25 250 Tab. 3 Orthogonal text Test number Factor apparent density (g/cm3) tap density (g/cm3) D50 particle size (μm) specific surface area (m2/g) A B C D 1 1 1 1 1 1.757 2.342 6.97 0.82 2 1 2 2 2 1.170 1.624 9.59 0.60 3 1 3 3 3 1.529 2.243 2.21 2.58 4 2 1 2 3 1.391 1.987 7.01 0.82 5 2 2 3 1 1.226 1.624 12.9 0.44 6 2 3 1 2 1.501 2.008 2.00 2.87 7 3 1 3 2 1.314 1.686 5.36 1.31 8 3 2 1 3 0.894 1.430 10.6 0.54 9 3 3 2 1 1.222 1.786 4.33 1.32 K1 4.456 4.462 4.152 4.205 K2 4.118 3.290 3.783 3.985 K3 3.430 4.252 4.069 3.814 k1 1.486 1.487 1.384 1.402 k2 1.373 1.097 1.261
Online since: October 2011
Authors: Shao Wu Yin, Li Wang, Li Ge Tong, Fu Ming Yang, Yan Hui Li
Ultrafine e grain amorphous silicon nitride (Si3N4) powders were produced via direct nitridation process of silicon powders in transport bed.
Scanning speed was 1 cm-1, the range of wave numbers was 1600-300cm-1, and absorbance range was 0-55%.
Scanning speed was 1 cm-1, the range of wave numbers was 1600-300cm-1, and absorbance range was 0-55%.
Online since: September 2015
Authors: Yoshinobu Shimamura, Takashi Matsumura, Yuki Nakamura, Akira Ueno, Noriyasu Oguma, Tatsuo Sakai, Kenji Okada, Akiyoshi Sakaida, Koushu Hanaki, Kazutaka Mukoyama
This coding system is a combination of two basic codes; a contributor’s code of three digits and a test series code of three digits (series number).
The former is assigned to each contributor, and the series number is assigned to each fundamental set of data by each contributor.
Datasheet of Basic Data (IV): Grain Size/Grain Size No., Cleanliness, Chemical Composition etc. should be entered in this datasheet.
In the following example, code of the contributor is “102”, and the test number is “0011”.
On the other hand, in the case of PN data, a number of specimens are tested at each stress level.
The former is assigned to each contributor, and the series number is assigned to each fundamental set of data by each contributor.
Datasheet of Basic Data (IV): Grain Size/Grain Size No., Cleanliness, Chemical Composition etc. should be entered in this datasheet.
In the following example, code of the contributor is “102”, and the test number is “0011”.
On the other hand, in the case of PN data, a number of specimens are tested at each stress level.
Online since: January 2017
Authors: Wahyudi Wahyudi
The biggest natural disaster in Indonesia in term of a number of people killed and other impact on exposure area is caused by earthquake.
One of the result of grain size analyses from ten soil borings is shown in Fig. 4.
This figure shows relation between grain size characteristics of soil layers and liquefaction potential.
Grain size distribution of SB6 S-11 S-36 Fig. 5 a.
The result of grain size analyses show that all sample from almost all soil layers in the study area are vulnerable to liquefaction.
One of the result of grain size analyses from ten soil borings is shown in Fig. 4.
This figure shows relation between grain size characteristics of soil layers and liquefaction potential.
Grain size distribution of SB6 S-11 S-36 Fig. 5 a.
The result of grain size analyses show that all sample from almost all soil layers in the study area are vulnerable to liquefaction.
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Hong Kai Chen, Xiao Ying He, Hong Mei Tang, Ying Zhong
Bisantino2,3 found that viscosity and yield stress of different grain size debris flow can be used to evaluate characteristic of debris flow; Yuyi WANG determined viscous debris flow’s stress-strain curve adopted home-made debris flow rheometer and found stress-strain curve have characters such as stress-overwing, shear desaturation and shear expansion; Major considered that fresh debris flow deposit consolidate under gravity, and debris flow of contraction distortion generates with the evanesce of pore-water pressure, while, consolidation speed affect the resistance of debris flow be renewal moving and depositional characters of debris flow.
(4) Unsaturated debris flow deposit is four-phase system, composed by water, air, soil grain and water-air boundary surface (called shrinking film either).Soil grain and shrinking film will keep balance at the action of force, while, air and water will flowing at the action of stress gradient.
Assuming that soil grain is incompressible and the volume of shrinking film is constant, the variance ratio of unsaturated debris flow’s total volume is the sum of liquid phase and gas phase’s volume.
(27) Where, Vs relates to volume of soil phase grain in saturated debris flow plasma, that.
(31) Where, m is positive odd number; Tm(t) is time function need to be solved which can be expressed as follow (32) Where,, .
(4) Unsaturated debris flow deposit is four-phase system, composed by water, air, soil grain and water-air boundary surface (called shrinking film either).Soil grain and shrinking film will keep balance at the action of force, while, air and water will flowing at the action of stress gradient.
Assuming that soil grain is incompressible and the volume of shrinking film is constant, the variance ratio of unsaturated debris flow’s total volume is the sum of liquid phase and gas phase’s volume.
(27) Where, Vs relates to volume of soil phase grain in saturated debris flow plasma, that.
(31) Where, m is positive odd number; Tm(t) is time function need to be solved which can be expressed as follow (32) Where,, .