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Online since: May 2011
Authors: Heng Quan, Zhen Ya Gu
Generally speaking, the contribution of hard monomers to the properties of polyurethane should mainly takes on the physical and mechanical characteristics[1,9,11].
Obviously, the most important factor affects the water vapor transition in the soft segment domain is the chain mobility of soft segment, which is related with domain structure.
The phenomenon again verified the much more important role of hydrophilic groups for the properties of hydrophilic polyuretanes.
Domain structure and properties.
Conclusions 1 Factors that influence the moisture permeability of hydrophilic polyurethane includes the structure, average molecular weight, concentration of soft segment and ether bond content, the latter is more important to its application properties.
Obviously, the most important factor affects the water vapor transition in the soft segment domain is the chain mobility of soft segment, which is related with domain structure.
The phenomenon again verified the much more important role of hydrophilic groups for the properties of hydrophilic polyuretanes.
Domain structure and properties.
Conclusions 1 Factors that influence the moisture permeability of hydrophilic polyurethane includes the structure, average molecular weight, concentration of soft segment and ether bond content, the latter is more important to its application properties.
Online since: February 2021
Authors: L. Mirgorodskiy, S. I. Mirgorodskiy, G.D. Bitsoyev, O.Y. Shiripa, Sergei A. Lyubomudrov
Oil production is accompanied by associated gas, mechanical impurities and produced water.
Caverns seats leading to loss of tightness, wear and breakage The expected cause of intense wear is an aggressive environment and mechanical impurities that directly affect the tightness of the valve's gate pair.
Materials and Methods The titanium material to ensure the corrosion-resistant properties of parts of valves in the oil and gas industry was used in two options: in the manufacture of parts from titanium alloy and titanium-based coatings on steel samples.
Cutting fluid was created taking into account all environmental requirements and the properties presented in Table 2 [10].
Properties of cutting fluid Ecocool Global 10 uk Property Unit Data Test method Density at 15ºC ( 59ºF) g/ml 0.98 DIN 51 757 Kinematic viscosity at 40ºC ( 104ºF) mm²/s 55 DIN 51 562-1 Corrosion test emulsion > 5% Corr.
Caverns seats leading to loss of tightness, wear and breakage The expected cause of intense wear is an aggressive environment and mechanical impurities that directly affect the tightness of the valve's gate pair.
Materials and Methods The titanium material to ensure the corrosion-resistant properties of parts of valves in the oil and gas industry was used in two options: in the manufacture of parts from titanium alloy and titanium-based coatings on steel samples.
Cutting fluid was created taking into account all environmental requirements and the properties presented in Table 2 [10].
Properties of cutting fluid Ecocool Global 10 uk Property Unit Data Test method Density at 15ºC ( 59ºF) g/ml 0.98 DIN 51 757 Kinematic viscosity at 40ºC ( 104ºF) mm²/s 55 DIN 51 562-1 Corrosion test emulsion > 5% Corr.
Online since: July 2013
Authors: Hong Lei, Si Si Chen, Ru Ling Chen
Chemical–mechanical polishing (CMP) without abrasives is widely adopted for polishing and smoothing Cu surfaces.
The glycine can interact with nickel in aqueous solutions and affect the dissolution rate of the metal.
All these factors contribute to the highest MRR and the lowest Ra be observed in Fig. 1 at pH=3.
Babu, Amino Acids as Complexing Agents in Chemical-Mechanical Planarization of Copper.
[8] Hong Lei, Properties of Surface Oxidation Film in CMP of Computer Hard Disk Substrate.
The glycine can interact with nickel in aqueous solutions and affect the dissolution rate of the metal.
All these factors contribute to the highest MRR and the lowest Ra be observed in Fig. 1 at pH=3.
Babu, Amino Acids as Complexing Agents in Chemical-Mechanical Planarization of Copper.
[8] Hong Lei, Properties of Surface Oxidation Film in CMP of Computer Hard Disk Substrate.
Online since: August 2024
Authors: Ahkmad Aminudin Bama, Marzuki Naibaho, Masno Ginting, Akmal Johan, Ramlan Ramlan
The agglomeration can be affected by two factors, such as instability between particles during the preparation and synthesis process due to increased surface tension between grains in the particles.
The reduction of magnetic domain spins can cause the magnetic properties of iron sand to decrease.
So, it can be seen that magnetic properties such as saturation remanence and coercivity are summarized in Table 2.
Iron sand before and after synthesizing has magnetic properties as shown in Table 2.
Panjan, “Synthesis conditions , structure, particle shape analysis , cytotoxicity and magnetic properties,” J.
The reduction of magnetic domain spins can cause the magnetic properties of iron sand to decrease.
So, it can be seen that magnetic properties such as saturation remanence and coercivity are summarized in Table 2.
Iron sand before and after synthesizing has magnetic properties as shown in Table 2.
Panjan, “Synthesis conditions , structure, particle shape analysis , cytotoxicity and magnetic properties,” J.
Online since: April 2014
Authors: Yong Ming Wu, Rong Shen Lai, Wen Guang Lin, Liang Hou
The Analysis of Dynamic and Static Factors In PFE.
The Influencing Factors in PFE.
Table 1 summarizes dynamic factors for SWLs (PFs).
Dynamic factor weights in PFE are calculated from top to bottom by AHP, namely the weights of underlying factors can be calculated with respect to the importance of the highest level (target level).
From the aspects of customer needs, product data, resources, and technological progress, the main factors are summarized in the design process of SWLs.
The Influencing Factors in PFE.
Table 1 summarizes dynamic factors for SWLs (PFs).
Dynamic factor weights in PFE are calculated from top to bottom by AHP, namely the weights of underlying factors can be calculated with respect to the importance of the highest level (target level).
From the aspects of customer needs, product data, resources, and technological progress, the main factors are summarized in the design process of SWLs.
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Ke Long Yan, Xin Yun Wang, Jun Song Jin, Jian Jun Li, Ju Chen Xia
The forging load decreased with the increase of billet temperature or the decrease of frictional factor.
Traditional cutting technique not only brings material-wasted, low productivity, but also decreases the mechanical property with the material flow cut, so the life of part is not long.
(a) (b) Fig.3 Stress-strain relationship curves of AISI 4120:= 1.6s-1(a), =8s-1(b) Influence of process parameters Process parameters significantly affect the forming process.
The billet temperature is the key factor concerning warm forging.
The web thickness was fixed to be 20 mm and the frictional factor was set to be 0.25.
Traditional cutting technique not only brings material-wasted, low productivity, but also decreases the mechanical property with the material flow cut, so the life of part is not long.
(a) (b) Fig.3 Stress-strain relationship curves of AISI 4120:= 1.6s-1(a), =8s-1(b) Influence of process parameters Process parameters significantly affect the forming process.
The billet temperature is the key factor concerning warm forging.
The web thickness was fixed to be 20 mm and the frictional factor was set to be 0.25.
Online since: February 2011
Authors: Imtiaz Ahmed Choudhury, M. Azuddin, Z. Taha
Electrical discharge machining (EDM) and micro mechanical machining was used to fabricate micro shape cavity on aluminum mold.
Plastic materials are relatively less costly, mass production capability, and good mechanical properties [1].
From the conducted experiment, surface tension has significant affects on the filling flow of small width and thickness.
Griffiths et al. 2 identified the factors affecting micro flow behavior, which are melt temperature, mold temperature, injection speed and injection pressure.
Plastic materials are relatively less costly, mass production capability, and good mechanical properties [1].
From the conducted experiment, surface tension has significant affects on the filling flow of small width and thickness.
Griffiths et al. 2 identified the factors affecting micro flow behavior, which are melt temperature, mold temperature, injection speed and injection pressure.
Online since: December 2010
Authors: Jian Chao Dou, Jian Sen Yang
Raw Materials and Experiment Programs
Raw Materials. (1) Cement. 52.2R Portland cement of Ningxia Saima, its chemical composition and mechanical properties are listed in Table 1. (2) Fine Aggregate.
According to the formula[1], CLE can be calculated, the formula is as follows: R=(L40°-L0°)/L0° R---- CLE of concrete L40°----Length of the specimen under 40° L0°----Length of the specimen under 0° Results and discussion Influence of Four Factors.
°C-1) A 0.40 1.0 0 30 8.621 B 0.40 3.5 5 34 8.351 C 0.40 6.0 10 38 9.971 D 0.47 1.0 5 38 9.621 E 0.47 3.5 10 30 9.386 F 0.47 6.0 0 34 9.314 G 0.55 1.0 10 34 10.884 H 0.55 3.5 0 38 9.368 I 0.55 6.0 5 30 9.862 K1 26.943 29.126 27.302 27.869 K2 28.321 27.105 27.834 28.549 K3 30.114 29.146 30.241 28.959 k1 8.981 9.709 9.101 9.290 k2 9.440 9.035 9.278 9.516 k3 10.038 9.715 10.080 9.653 The R from Table 5 shows that the order of affect of 4 factors on CLE is water-cement ratio> silica fume >air content> sand ratio.
Conclusions (1) Water-cement ratio has greatest Influence on CLE of 60d age concrete than the other factors, then the order of Influence on CLE is silica fume, air content, the last is sand ratio.
Influence of Mineral Admixtures and Air-Entraining Agent on Thermal Expansion Property of Cement-Based Materials [J].
According to the formula[1], CLE can be calculated, the formula is as follows: R=(L40°-L0°)/L0° R---- CLE of concrete L40°----Length of the specimen under 40° L0°----Length of the specimen under 0° Results and discussion Influence of Four Factors.
°C-1) A 0.40 1.0 0 30 8.621 B 0.40 3.5 5 34 8.351 C 0.40 6.0 10 38 9.971 D 0.47 1.0 5 38 9.621 E 0.47 3.5 10 30 9.386 F 0.47 6.0 0 34 9.314 G 0.55 1.0 10 34 10.884 H 0.55 3.5 0 38 9.368 I 0.55 6.0 5 30 9.862 K1 26.943 29.126 27.302 27.869 K2 28.321 27.105 27.834 28.549 K3 30.114 29.146 30.241 28.959 k1 8.981 9.709 9.101 9.290 k2 9.440 9.035 9.278 9.516 k3 10.038 9.715 10.080 9.653 The R from Table 5 shows that the order of affect of 4 factors on CLE is water-cement ratio> silica fume >air content> sand ratio.
Conclusions (1) Water-cement ratio has greatest Influence on CLE of 60d age concrete than the other factors, then the order of Influence on CLE is silica fume, air content, the last is sand ratio.
Influence of Mineral Admixtures and Air-Entraining Agent on Thermal Expansion Property of Cement-Based Materials [J].
Online since: January 2019
Authors: Yan Guo, Yun Hai Jia, Jian Mei Guo, Fan Yu
The results indicated that the material removal rate was enhanced by a factor of five compared to conventional electrode materials.
In Gherman Lorelei study [7], in order to determine mechanical properties such as tool wear and material removal rate, copper was used as tool electrode for single-pulse discharge experiment.
Statistical analysis was established and the influence of input process factors was evaluated.
The radius of the affected zone first increases rapidly and then increases slowly.
The radius of the heat affected area increases rapidly and then increases slowly
In Gherman Lorelei study [7], in order to determine mechanical properties such as tool wear and material removal rate, copper was used as tool electrode for single-pulse discharge experiment.
Statistical analysis was established and the influence of input process factors was evaluated.
The radius of the affected zone first increases rapidly and then increases slowly.
The radius of the heat affected area increases rapidly and then increases slowly
Online since: June 2014
Authors: Chun Yong Hu, Sheng Wei Kou, Jing Jing Guo
Chemical composition and environment of seawater are complex, so there are many factors leading to corrosion of metal hull.
The former is a body centered cubic lattice pure iron, and the latter is a kind of iron-carbon compounds whose electrochemical properties are similar to graphite.
In the Marine environment, there are all kinds of variable factors outside, for example change of temperature, the flow rate of seawater and the pressure of seawater.
These factors will accelerate the chemical corrosion and electrochemistry corrosion of metal in the seawater, increasing the degree of metal corrosion.
So we must take enough consideration to these areas when we research on metal corrosion in seawater factors.
The former is a body centered cubic lattice pure iron, and the latter is a kind of iron-carbon compounds whose electrochemical properties are similar to graphite.
In the Marine environment, there are all kinds of variable factors outside, for example change of temperature, the flow rate of seawater and the pressure of seawater.
These factors will accelerate the chemical corrosion and electrochemistry corrosion of metal in the seawater, increasing the degree of metal corrosion.
So we must take enough consideration to these areas when we research on metal corrosion in seawater factors.