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According to XRD graphs and SEM micrographs of sinters after HP treatment (Fig. 1, 2,4), investigated sensors materials were phasically pure and homogenous with a very low porosity, mainly for TiN0,6C0,4, caused by grains crumble up during polishing.
The sample was prepared by etching in melted alkaline (KOH +KNO3) solution On the SEM micrographs (Fig. 3). an abundant number of active centres is visible, in which the electrodeposition of lead is possible The size of lead-drops inclusions depends on pre-concentration time and lead content.
According to EDS analysis during TEM observation of cross-section (Fig.5), lead was not found in the bulk of the sample, it means, that after conditioning of working surface settlement of lead on the grains boundary took place.

As shown in fig.1, when numbers of batteries in series or parallel, it can become solar cell matrix with large output power [1].
In 2004，4.017cm2 polycrystalline silicon solar cell was prepared by Stuttgart University and the conversion efficiency was 16.6%.The key to improve the conversion efficiency of p-Si was surface passivation and grain boundary.
With the production process becoming further mature, P-Si solar cell is expected to be faster and better development in the coming years [11]: (1) Poly-silicon ingots grown by directional solidification, through process optimization, can make the defects, oxygen, carbon and other impurities significantly reduced, improve the crystal quality and eliminate porosity, reduce grain boundary effects and improve the diffusion length and collection rate of photo-carriers in the cell. (2) Ingot casting process can be moving to the direction of large ingots, further increase production, reduce energy consumption.(3) Better silicon nitride antireflection coating, which can also play significant role to passive stable performance of the former and body surface though the hydrogen atoms within.

The requirements for this purpose high specific surface area, small grain size with narrow size distribution and low degree of particle agglomeration [1].
The investigation of protein adsorption to inorganic surfaces is of great importance in a number of applications such as implants.
These effects play an important role on the morphology and grain size of the inorganic crystal [6].

Table 1 Main Stratum Characteristics and Drillability Analysis stratum Thickness (m) stratum characteristics Analysis of Drillability Quaternary and Neogene (Q+N) 150 Reddish brown clay, loam, sand (sand) and gravel 2 to 5 level, easy loss and collapse Luohe Formation (k1l) 305 Brown-red in the coarse-grained sandstone and conglomerate 4 to 8 level, hard, easy loss, sloughing and sticking Yijun Formation (k1y) 328 Mottled Conglomerate Easy sticking Anding Formation (J2a) 398 Purple mudstone, pebbly sandstone 4～5 level Zhiluo Formation (J2z) 419 Gray-green sand, pebbly mudstone 4～5 level Upper half of Yan'an Formation (J1-2y2) 444 Gray fine-grained sandstone, sandy mudstone, with plant fossils and pyrite nodules and thin coal strata 4～5 level Lower half of Yan'an Formation (J1-2y1) 497 coal-bearing strata, formed by dark gray mudstone, sandy mudstone, mudstone, light gray siltstone and coal strata 4～5 level The Casing of wellbore.Generally, a horizontal well (group) consists of
Table 2 Wellbore Structure Parameters of V-type Horizontal Connected Well Number Vertical depth （m） One Two Three Hole depth （m） Size of drill （mm） Size of casing（mm） Hole depth （m） Size of drill （mm） Size of casing（mm） Hole depth （m） Size of drill （mm） DFS-C04-H1 483.5 159.49 311.15 244.5 536.20 215.9 177.8 1412.73 149.2 DFS-C04-H2 500.5 179.22 311.15 244.5 576.00 215.9 177.8 1398.50 149.2 DFS-C04-V1 576.0 180.00 311.15 244.5 578.00 215.9 177.8     Geosteering while drilling.Horizontal well build-up and horizontal section adopt the commonly used directional drilling assembly: "driven motor + LWD (Logging While Drilling)".

Values for the dielectric properties of a number of products, including grain and seed, fruits and vegetables, and poultry products, depend on frequency, moisture content, and temperature. [5] [6].
Free-space measurement of dielectric properties of cereal grain and oilseed at microwave frequencies.

Surface integrity factors, such as grain size, crystallographic orientation and residual stress, have been proved to remarkably influence the functional performance of magnesium alloys [8].
The change in surface roughness values with the number of hole produced in different drilling conditions was found.
The ball-nose end mills used were micro-grain tungsten carbide tool with the diameter of 10 mm.

3.567349518 0.107640888 10 5.06044047 0.097798315 12 6.864274571 0.279205799 14 7.590279795 0.178685021 16 11.80731619 0.356515771 Table 4 Untreated BeCu machined using copper electrode by varying magnetic field Magnetic Field (T) MRR (mm3/min) TWR (mm3/min) 0 6.268908397 0.311221931 0.124 6.483439042 0.214226474 0.248 6.253405424 0.185654478 0.372 6.163828062 0.285765607 0.496 6.70211868 0.218105226 Table 5 Treated BeCu machined using copper electrode by varying gap current Gap Current (A) MRR (mm3/min) TWR (mm3/min) 8 4.286248731 0.078911339 10 5.165794066 0.199116858 12 6.66151601 0.174281169 14 8.52892562 0.244051251 16 9.427609428 0.327066735 Table 6 Treated BeCu machined using copper electrode by varying magnetic field Magnetic Field (T) MRR (mm3/min) TWR (mm3/min) 0 6.692797235 0.311145545 0.124 6.559917355 0.206553793 0.248 6.387526719 0.123769652 0.372 6.561339895 0.207142265 0.496 6.718810104 0.236650543 Basically cryogenic treatment helps in dissolving the grain
boundaries, reduces thermal vibration and refines grains which reduce the electrical resistance of the material and improves thermal conductivity of the material.
Cryogenic treatment increases electrical conductivity that increases material removal rate and decreases tool wear rate which can be verified from table number 5.

Moreover, the number density of existing phase particles in Region 3 is obviously higher than that in Region 2.
Previous work indicated that the micro cracks mainly initiate along the intense slip bands in the grain interior [12], as shown in Fig. 6.
Fig. 6 Micro crack initiation at slip bands in the grain interior. [12] Fig. 5 Optical images of as-polished fracture surface of S3 taken from regions 1-3 in Fig. 4.

The influence of diamond grain size of the cup wheel on cutting edge characteristics has been discussed [2].
Table 1 Chemical compositions and mechanical properties of Cemented carbide Average size of WC powder [μm] 0.8 Nominal composition [wt.%] WC-9%Co Density [g/cm3] 14.44 Hardness [HV3] 1660 Transverse strength [MPa] 4000 Coercive force [kA/m] 19.4 Porosity A02 B00 Table 2 Grinding parameters Test number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Grinding speed [m/s] 20 28 20 28 20 20 20 22 24 26 30 Feed rate [mm/min] 60 60 80 80 65 70 75 60 60 60 60 To improve the surface integrity of ground cemented carbide the chemical substrate pre-treatment is utilized.
The reason for this change is the outline of the carbide grains and cobalt more easily to be corrosion off.

Addition of these elements leads to formation of intermetallics throughout the edge of the grain and, therefore, to a loss of ductility.
The friction factor curve as opposed to its run is a typical curve that is found in an important number of materials [14].
Different phases in the material can also be observed in this micrography, with area 1 corresponding to brilliant white-colored grains that are a result of the magnesium oxides inside the pores.