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The aim of this study is to design magnesium alloys that are capable of forming precipitate during hot deformation.
Baker, ASM Specialty Handbook: Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys.
Lee, Grain refining of magnesium alloy AZ31 by rolling, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 140 (2003) 588-91
Park, The microstructure, tensile properties, and creep behavior of AZ91, AS52 and TAS652 alloy, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 493 (2010) 502-506
Niu, The microstructure, tensile properties, and creep behavior of as-cast Mg-(1-10)%Sn alloys, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 440 (2007) 122-126

The effect of these additive elements on the solderability, intermetallic compounds (IMCs), and electromigration performance of low-Ag SAC (LASAC) solder were investigated.
The solder alloys investigated in electromigration test are: LASAC, LASAC-0.05Ni, LASAC-3.5Bi, LASAC-3.5Bi-0.05Ni and SAC305.
Ariga: Journal of Alloys and Compounds Vol. 504 (2010), p.
Wang: Journal of Alloys and Compounds Vol. 458 (2008), p. 542 [8] Henry Y.
Liu: Journal of Alloys and Compounds.

Alloy Phase Cu-Co-Ni-Be αCu, (CuCoNi)Be (γ) - complex compound Cu-2Be-Ni αCu, (CuNi)Be (γ) - complex compound Cu-2Ni-Be αCu, (NiCu)Be (γ) - complex compound a) Cu-2Be-Ni, 850 - 300 - 9, 10 mm from b) Cu-2Ni-Be, 975 - 450 - 9, 40 mm from the quenched end the quenched end Fig. 5.: Microstructure of Cu-alloys after precipitation hardening. 4.
Discussion The aim of the applied heat treatments was to increase hardness and electrical conductivity of different Cu-alloy samples.
Robinson: Journal of Mat.
Smoljan: Journal of Mat.
Molnár: Journal of Mat.

Luan, In situ synthesis of AlN in Mg–Al alloys by liquid nitridation, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 166 (2005) 79-85
Taylor, Grain refinement by AlN particles in Mg–Al based alloys, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 478 (2009) 809-812
Li, Utilization of VN particles for grain refinement and mechanical properties of AZ31 magnesium alloy, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 781 (2019) 1150-1158
Kang, Microstructure and tensile properties of magnesium matrix nanocomposite reinforced by high mass fraction of nano-sized particles including TiC and MgZn2, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 819 (2020) 153348
Hort, Effect of TiBor on the grain refinement and hot tearing susceptibility of AZ91D magnesium alloy, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 759 (2018) 70-79.

Cu3P and Ni2P are brittle compounds, which may reduce the mechanical strength of the brazed joints.
The mechanism of interface formation involving metallized glass differs from that of active filler alloys.
In metallized glass, Cu is already in contact with the glass surface, whereas the use of active filler alloys requires the migration of Cu from the alloy onto the glass.
At the interface of the brazed joint, it can be determined that Cu3P and Ni2P intermetallic compounds, and α-Cu and CuxSny layer have formed.
The brittle compounds Cu3P and Ni2P are mainly responsible for lowering the strength of the brazed joints.

The aim of the research is to study the effect of adding small amounts (1%) of silicon or silver to the base alloy (Cu-9 Ni-6 Sn) or (ASTM B740) by hardening using Spinodal decomposition to improve the mechanical properties of the alloy.
Dong, “Enthalpic interaction promotes the stability of high elastic Cu-Ni-Sn Alloys” , Journal of Alloys and Compounds 896 (2022) 163068
Li,” Microstructure and properties of Cu-Ag alloy prepared by continuously directional solidification”, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 883 (2021) 160769
Dong, Compositional interpretation of high elasticity Cu–Ni–Sn alloys using cluster-plus glue-atom model, Journal of Materials Research and Technology 17 (2022) 1246-1258
Xiao, “Effect of cold rolling and aging treatment on the microstructure and properties of Cu–3Ti–2Mg alloy” , Journal of Alloys and Compounds 818 (2020) 152915

And the aim of these researches is reducing the consumption of Cu bond in solders [8-10], which is opposite to our study.
And these studies emphasize on the effect of copper content in solder to accelerate or decelerate the dissolution of copper bond pad and the growth kinetics of the inter-metallic compounds.
Molt point of Cu-72Ag brazing alloys is about 780℃ and molt point of Cu-7P brazing alloys is about 800℃.
Chan: Journal of Applied Physics Vol. 94 (2003), p. 7904 [7] M.
Tasdemirci, Nair F.: Journal of Materials Processing Technology Vol. 141 (2003), p. 302 [8] S.

The addition of strontium to the Mg-Al based alloys which was aimed at replacing AE alloys initially can avoid these problems.
The strength at elevated temperatures in Mg-Al-Sr alloy was as high as that of Mg-Al-Zn alloys.
The type of intermetallic compounds appearing in Mg-Al-Sr alloys depends on the ratio of Sr/Al.
JOM-journal of the minerals metals metals & materials society 55 (11): A34-A39 NOV 2003 [5] Kinji Hirai, Hidetoshi Somekawa, Yorinobu Takigawa, Kenji Higashi, Eeffcts of Ca and Sr addition on properties of a cast AZ91 magnesium alloy at room and elevated temperature.
International Journal of Cast Metals Research 17 (3): 170-173 2004 [7] LIU Xiangguo, PENG Xiaodong, XIE Weidong, WEI Qunyi.Preparation, Technologies and Application of Strontium-Magnesium Master Alloys, Materials Science Forum, Vol.488-489, June 2005, pp:31-34 [8] Xu R.

Titanium and its alloys are recognized as having low wear resistance.
The paper aims to present a tribological characterization of the sintered TiAl alloy; the method uses the disc of the alloy that has been researched in contact with an alumina ball.
These titanium alloys are generally used in the automotive and aerospace industries, in conjunction with different similar or hard aluminum alloys.
References [1] Soyama, J., Oehring, M., Limberg, W., Pyczak, F.: The effect of zirconium addition on sintering behaviour, microstructure and creep resistance of the powder metallurgy processed alloy Ti–45Al–5Nb–0.2B–0.2C, Materials and Design 84:87-94,November 2015 [2] Hsua, H.C., Wu, S.C., Sung, Y.C, Ho, W.F.: The structure and mechanical properties of as-cast Zr–Ti alloys, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 488 (2009) 279–283
G.: Wear resistance enhancement of titanium alloy (Ti–6Al–4V) by ball burnishing process, Journal of Materials Research and Technology 6(1), 2016, Pages 13-32 [16] Budinski, K.G.: Tribological properties of titanium alloys.

Besides, XRD analysis on the deposits of electroplated Zn-Sn-Ni alloy shows Zn in the deposits exist in the form of metal compound, including δ phase Ni3Zn22 as well as γ Ni5Zn21.
On the one hand, most of them focus on binary alloy electroplating, for example Zn-Ni alloy or Zn-Sn alloy.
This shows that the metal Zn of the deposits exists in the form of metal compound.
Fig. 2 XRD Pattern of Zn-Sn-Ni Deposits with Compound Additives Nucleation Mechanism of Electrodeposition of Zn-Sn-Ni Alloys.
Pushpavanam: International Journal of Hydrogen Energy Vol. 27 (2002), p. 627 [4] Elkhatabi, F, M.