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For intelligent photovoltaic systems, the overall block diagram of the system can be divided into optical systems, mechanical and actuators, photovoltaic sensing, signal acquisition and processing, drive and control, micro computers and their interfaces.
Other factors affecting the system must also be figured out, such as cost, weight, volume, and reliability and operating complexity.
It completely eliminates the subjective factors, reflecting the optical properties of the human eye more accurately and quickly, which has become the optometry technology development direction. 108 101 102 104 105 103 111 110 113 109 112 CCD CPU SRAM Circuit conversion Sync separation Address generator Signal amplifying circuit Sample hold Processor circuit Two values Processor Buffer Buffer Figure 1.

The cutting processing efficiency and surface quality of the cylindrical shell directly affect the construction of the petrochemical and nuclear major projects[1].However, the cutting process of the bulky cylindrical shell is complicated and it’s difficult to machine.
As shown in Fig.3, the E-R Diagram of the relationship between the workpiece entity and tool entity, as well as their property.
(1) (2) Where: w is inertia weight factor; c1, c2 are positive learning factors; r1，r2 are arbitrary random numbers between 0 and 1.
At the same time it’s easy to produce vibration and other issues, which would affect the cutting speed and surface quality of the parts.
References [1] Jingli Zhang,ect.Large forgings cylindrical shell machining and improvement cutting efficiency measures [J].Mechanical Engineer,2010(5):164-166.

Factor Name Level Low Level High Level Importance A CBR 56.81 51.22 62.4 1 B PI 14.4 13.8 15 1 4.0 Conclusion Aluminum dross, solid waste from aluminum producing industry was used in improving the Geotechnical properties of tropical lateritic soil.
Geotechnical properties of lime-treated gypseous soils.
Microstructure and geotechnical properties of lime-treated expansive clayey soil.
Physical and Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Dross.
Geotechnical properties of lateritic soil stabilized with sugarcane straw ash.

Hence, the oxidative ageing induced by irradiation as well as the thermal oxidation during the operation at elevated temperatures would induce chemical changes within the polymer matrix, potentially affecting its functionality.
Nakason, Effect of bis(triethoxysilylpropyl) tetrasulfide (TESPT) on properties of carbon nanotubes and conductive carbon black hybrid filler filled natural rubber nanocomposites. eXPRESS Polymer Letters 12 (2018) 867–884 [5] L.
Bokobza, Enhanced electrical and mechanical properties of multiwall carbon nanotube rubber composites, Polym.
Wolkober, The Effect of the Chemical and Physical Properties of Carbon Black on the Thermal and Photooxidation of Polyethylene, J.
Macosko, M Tsapatsis, Intercalated linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE)/clay nanocomposites prepared with oxidized polyethylene as a new type compatibilizer: Structural, mechanical and barrier properties.

Paper-making tobacco sheet has advantages of low density of tobacco, high filling power, good mechanical properties and low tar, and the paper-making process is the main production technology for reconstituted tobacco [4,5,6].
Therefore, the papermaking processing technology play a key role in tobacco physical properties and smoking quality.
Fiber refining Tobacco stem were defibrillated to develop fiber properties with a rotating disc refiner (KRK continuous high-consistency refiner, No. 2500-Ⅱ, Japan).
Table 2 Results of milled tobacco stem and tobacco dust Material Yield [%] Beating degree [0SR] Energy consumption [kWh/ton pulp] Tobacco stem 84.27 31 1107 Tobacco dust 79.36 38 894 Effect of tobacco stem and tobacco dust ratio on physical properties of reconstituted tobacco paper-base Refined tobacco stem and tobacco dust were used in paper-making with difference proportion, physical properties of reconstituted tobacco paper-based results shown in Table 3.
Fiber self bonding and fiber strength are the most important factor affect tensile strength, fiber length is the most important factor influencing tear strength.Making reconstituted tobacco paper-base furnished with tobacco stem pulp and tobacco dust pulp, with decreasing of tobacco stem pulp percentage, content of long fiber in reconstituted tobacco paper-base was reduced, and tobacco dust pulp was difficult to combine with tobacco stem pulp, therefore, tensile index and tear index of reconstituted tobacco paper-base decreased considerably.

In order to popularize the development and application of super high strength concrete prestressed pipe pile in China, the research on its mechanical properties is especially important and urgent.
Material Properties 2.1 Constitutive relation of concrete The non-linear analysis of reinforced concrete is carried out in ABAQUS.
Finite Element Calculation and Finite Element Calculation of Horizontal Bearing Capacity of Prestressed Pipe Pile Considering Different Factors The effects of different vertical load and hoop ratio on the horizontal bearing capacity of prestressed high strength concrete pipe pile under vertical load are analyzed.
The energy dissipation and ductility of pipe pile components are little affected by different hoop ratio.
Deep length of pile will affect the seismic performance of pile.

For commercial purpose, optimization of mechanical properties to electrical conductivity can be achieved by means of alloying elements and thermo-mechanical treatment.
Thereafter, the effects of these elements on the properties and structures of Cu matrix have been studied.
Small amount of Co additions significantly affects the room temperature hardness of the hot deformed matrix and dynamic recrystallization structures of Cu-Be alloy[3].
SEM samples were prepared by the conventional mechanical polishing method and etched in an aqueous solution of 3 g FeCl3 + 95 ml C2H5OH + 2 ml HCl.
Considering structure factors, the lattice constant is determined by a=d(h2+k2+l2) -1/2 (1) a0=d0(h2+k2+l2) -1/2 (2) where a is the lattice constant, a0 is the lattice constant at room temperature, d is the lattice spacing, d0 is the lattice spacing at room temperature and h, k and l are the the indices of lattice planes.

The caused variant selection can significantly affect the mechanical performance of the superalloy.
However, the effects of DSA on the thermal mechanical responses of IN718 disc during the quenching process are rarely investigated and unclear.
The present modelling prediction of residual stress depends on both heat conduction simulation and the used mechanical model.
On the other hand, the accuracy of the contour method also depends on many factors, e.g., the cutting process, the measurement technology of the contour, etc.
Barsoum, Influence of thermo-mechanical material properties of different steel grades on welding residual stresses and angular distortion, Materials & Design (1980-2015) 65 (2015) 878-889

A magnetic field alters the trajectory of charged particles within a fluid, affecting the overall flow characteristics.
The nanofluid properties depend on the base fluid and the nanoparticles' properties, as given in Table 8, and the volume fraction of nanoparticles
The physical properties of NF are defined by equations (23) to (27), which are derived from the physical properties of water and SWCNT nanoparticles. 8.1.
Thermophysical properties of the base fluid and nanoparticles [16].
These parameters jointly affect the stability, stratification, and energy transport properties of the nanofluid flow.

It is worth noting that the thin film optical parameters diverge with plentiful pre-and-post depositions factors.
Chao, Low cryogenic mechanical loss composite silica thin film for low thermal noise dielectric mirror coatings, Opt.
Dhruv, Structural and optical properties of Fe doped InSb bulk systems, Materials Today: Proceedings. 55 (2022) 39–41
Qusto, Growth and optical properties of ZnIn2Se4 films, J Mater Sci. 26 (1991) 1556–1564
Pradhan, Effects of substrate temperature on the optical and electrical properties of Al:ZnO films, Semicond.