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Online since: August 2016
Authors: Ji Lin Chen, Guo Hui Zhu, Yong Gang Liu, Hong Bo Pan, Jian Zhang
The results show that: the "band" feature of dual-phase steel can be effectively eliminated by the optimizing continuous annealing process,and the mechanical properties are Improved.
1 Introduction
Fuel economy and, thereby, weight reduction are extremely important factors for the automotive industry[1,2].
After hot-rolled, the plates were pickled ,and then cold rolled with 70% of reduction, the target thickness is 1.5mm, the chemical composition is shown in table 1.
Volume fraction of recrystallized and martensite were measured by the ImageTool software, hardness of the sample was tested by CV-450DTS Vickers hardness tester, mechanical tensile property was tested by Zwick / Roell Z150 tensile testing machine. 3 Experimental results and data analysis Microstructure characteristics of dual-phase steel under different heat treatment.
After hot-rolled, the plates were pickled ,and then cold rolled with 70% of reduction, the target thickness is 1.5mm, the chemical composition is shown in table 1.
Volume fraction of recrystallized and martensite were measured by the ImageTool software, hardness of the sample was tested by CV-450DTS Vickers hardness tester, mechanical tensile property was tested by Zwick / Roell Z150 tensile testing machine. 3 Experimental results and data analysis Microstructure characteristics of dual-phase steel under different heat treatment.
Online since: September 2023
Authors: Pradyumna Kumar Choudhury, Jitumoni Swargiary
Specifications of the switch (MOSFET/IRFBC40): maximum Drain-Source Voltage = 600 V, Maximum Drain Current = 6.2 A (at 25oC), Maximum Drain Current: 3.9 A (at 100oC) (data taken from the datasheet of IRFBC40 MOSFET).
Simulation of LC filter in MATLAB/Simulink has shown reduction of harmonics from 66.84% to 3.17%.
While, simulation of LC filter in MULTISIM has shown reduction of harmonics from 160.44% to 12.11%.
Simulation of LC filter in MATLAB/Simulink has shown reduction of harmonics from 66.84% to 3.17%.
While, simulation of LC filter in MULTISIM has shown reduction of harmonics from 160.44% to 12.11%.
Online since: March 2012
Authors: Milan Mičko, Miroslav Rimár, Tomas Olejar
Table 1 Mosten GB 005 basic mechanical properties of the material
Properties
Unit
Value
Test method
Melt flow index
[g/10 min]
5.0
ISO 1133
Tensile stress
[MPa]
34.0
ISO 527-2
Tensile strain
[%]
> 100
ISO 527-2
Flexural modulus
[MPa]
1550
ISO 178
Charpy notched impact strength (230C)
[kj/m2]
4.0
ISO 179
Vicat softening temperature
[0C]
157
ISO 306
The testing material was supplied by Artweger spol. s r.o. particularly in granular form of base material and particularly in the form of regranulate which was sieved using a sieve to remove any impurities that could cause reduction in quality or clogging of the injection machine hopper.
Table 3 The dimensions of test pieces Marking l3 l1 r l2 b2 b1 h l0 l Dimensions [mm] ≥150 60±0,5 ≥60 110 20±0,2 10±0,2 4±0,2 50±0,5 1100+5 a) b) Figure 1 a) Shape of test piece for tensile test, b) Tensile machine Hounsfield H10KT The tests were performed on tensile machine Hounsfield H10KT (Fig. 1 b) with connection to PC where was installed the Qmat software that graphically records and stores the measured data.
Saloky, Moznosti znizenia energetickej narocnosti prevadzky malych a strednych firiem = Possibilities of the energy excess consumption reduction in the small and medium firms, Acta Mechanica Slovaca. 7 c. 3 (2003) 571 – 576
Table 3 The dimensions of test pieces Marking l3 l1 r l2 b2 b1 h l0 l Dimensions [mm] ≥150 60±0,5 ≥60 110 20±0,2 10±0,2 4±0,2 50±0,5 1100+5 a) b) Figure 1 a) Shape of test piece for tensile test, b) Tensile machine Hounsfield H10KT The tests were performed on tensile machine Hounsfield H10KT (Fig. 1 b) with connection to PC where was installed the Qmat software that graphically records and stores the measured data.
Saloky, Moznosti znizenia energetickej narocnosti prevadzky malych a strednych firiem = Possibilities of the energy excess consumption reduction in the small and medium firms, Acta Mechanica Slovaca. 7 c. 3 (2003) 571 – 576
Online since: March 2007
Authors: Jun Zhang, Fa Qin Xie, Heng Zhi Fu, Lin Liu
The segregation
ratios, defined as the maximum concentration in interdendritic areas over minimum
concentration in dendrite core, were determined from the measured data.
Table 1 shows that rupture life, elongation and reduction in area for a fine structure are all superior to that of a conventional structure.
Table 1 Stress rupture properties of CMSX-2 alloy under 1323K and 160Mpa Rupture life (hr) Elongation (%) Reduction in area(%) Directional solidification process Dendrite arm spacing (μm) As cast After heat treatment As cast After heat treatment As cast After heat treatment HRS 350 39.4 84.0 25.2 22.0 45.2 60.0 HRS 245 52.6 67.0 31.3 39.0 40.2 58.7 LMC 123 58.6 94.0 34.7 32.5 57.1 53.0 LMC 79 64.8 108.8 38.1 24.0 49.1 46.3 LMC 38 76.4 131.5 34.1 35.1 55.3 63.3 Note: heat treatment: 1588K×1hr+1353K×4hrs+1143K×20hr The results reveal that high thermal gradient directional solidification can make the structure be refinement and uniform and make property potentialities of materials be optimized.
Table 1 shows that rupture life, elongation and reduction in area for a fine structure are all superior to that of a conventional structure.
Table 1 Stress rupture properties of CMSX-2 alloy under 1323K and 160Mpa Rupture life (hr) Elongation (%) Reduction in area(%) Directional solidification process Dendrite arm spacing (μm) As cast After heat treatment As cast After heat treatment As cast After heat treatment HRS 350 39.4 84.0 25.2 22.0 45.2 60.0 HRS 245 52.6 67.0 31.3 39.0 40.2 58.7 LMC 123 58.6 94.0 34.7 32.5 57.1 53.0 LMC 79 64.8 108.8 38.1 24.0 49.1 46.3 LMC 38 76.4 131.5 34.1 35.1 55.3 63.3 Note: heat treatment: 1588K×1hr+1353K×4hrs+1143K×20hr The results reveal that high thermal gradient directional solidification can make the structure be refinement and uniform and make property potentialities of materials be optimized.
Online since: June 2006
Authors: V. Gičan, I. Iljin, Vytautas Kazimieras Augustaitis, Vilius Geleževičius, N. Šešok
Dynamic features of a multimotor drive, quality of the process of its operation and its productivity
are, first of all, predetermined by the technical data of the local electromechanical drives, such as
controllability, stability, low vibration level, resistance to disturbances and so on.
An adaptive shaft speed correction system is provided for the improvement of the quality of the drive control and reduction of the impact of the elastic links of the mechanical part upon the quality of the control system [4, 5].
The printing shaft speed correction system, based on the principle of signal adaptation [4] (Fig. 1, the dotted line), was proposed for improvement of accuracy of the drive's operation, and reduction of the level of vibrations of the mechanical part.
An adaptive shaft speed correction system is provided for the improvement of the quality of the drive control and reduction of the impact of the elastic links of the mechanical part upon the quality of the control system [4, 5].
The printing shaft speed correction system, based on the principle of signal adaptation [4] (Fig. 1, the dotted line), was proposed for improvement of accuracy of the drive's operation, and reduction of the level of vibrations of the mechanical part.
Online since: November 2013
Authors: Serban Costin, Stefan Cristea, Constantin Anton Micu
In case of a failure (for example the other side has a defect also), this can be done either by using predictive methods, meaning superimposing a 3D model from a data bank and estimating the center of rotation[4] , or it can be decided by the surgeon in agreement with the case.
The reduction was made considering the location of the surface (fig. 5).
D C B A Fig. 5 A – Maximum reduction of the number of triangles (2mm error allowed ); B- 1mm error; C 0,5mm error; D Surface model that can be inported in CAD Software Conclusion Testing the concept on a real case scenario brought a lot of new information that can be used to improve the process: problems of symmetry and orientation of the pelvis, CT metal artifacts, establishing segmentation limits on a scientific level - the need of calibrating the machine on a density probe.
The reduction was made considering the location of the surface (fig. 5).
D C B A Fig. 5 A – Maximum reduction of the number of triangles (2mm error allowed ); B- 1mm error; C 0,5mm error; D Surface model that can be inported in CAD Software Conclusion Testing the concept on a real case scenario brought a lot of new information that can be used to improve the process: problems of symmetry and orientation of the pelvis, CT metal artifacts, establishing segmentation limits on a scientific level - the need of calibrating the machine on a density probe.
Online since: May 2015
Authors: Li Cai, Ming Liang Zhang, Xiao Kuo Yang, Huan Qing Cui, Zhi Chun Wang
In a different way, information redundancy technique creates additional information to the original data to accomplish tolerance.
Scheme 3: Majority-based convolutional encoder Since majority logic is the basic computing in QCA and is more reliable than the three-input AND gates when circuits get larger, we simplify the Eq. 2 with majority reduction [14]
A., A method of majority logic reduction for quantum cellular automata, IEEE Trans.
Scheme 3: Majority-based convolutional encoder Since majority logic is the basic computing in QCA and is more reliable than the three-input AND gates when circuits get larger, we simplify the Eq. 2 with majority reduction [14]
A., A method of majority logic reduction for quantum cellular automata, IEEE Trans.
Online since: August 2013
Authors: Hong Xu
Ma et al. [11] designed three experiments to investigate the process of ultra high-rise building evacuation. the obtained data are useful for building designers to validate and refine ultra high-rise building evacuation models.
The occupant reduction rates of rooms in the first example (Fig. 2(a)) are linear and similar to each other, while the occupant reduction rates of rooms in the second example (Fig. 2(b)) has a concussive tail.
The occupant reduction rates of rooms in the first example (Fig. 2(a)) are linear and similar to each other, while the occupant reduction rates of rooms in the second example (Fig. 2(b)) has a concussive tail.
Online since: May 2020
Authors: A.M. Turovsky, Y.M. Turovsky, O.S. Bondareva
Chinese researchers note that a nickel concentration of 0.05% is effective and provides a reduction in coating thickness on Q235 steel (Si = 0.15%) [13].
Galvanizing time 2 minutes From the data obtained it follows that the nickel concentration of 0.04% reduces the coating thickness by 15% for steels with SiEV 0.12% - 0.18%, while the steel SiEV 0.28% coating thickness is reduced by 7%.
This provides a reduction of thickness and thickness variation of the entire coating.
Galvanizing time 2 minutes From the data obtained it follows that the nickel concentration of 0.04% reduces the coating thickness by 15% for steels with SiEV 0.12% - 0.18%, while the steel SiEV 0.28% coating thickness is reduced by 7%.
This provides a reduction of thickness and thickness variation of the entire coating.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Qing He, Qiang Liu, Xiao Tong Zhao, Lan Lan
The difference of these results might be due to the difference between new and old data, some are caused by considering different by-product.
Table 1 Energy and emission reduction of corn and wheat for ethanol [3].
Research Material Energy efficiency GHG emission reduction GM/ANL, 2001 Corn 0.5-0.55 N/A Pimentel, 2001/9 Corn 1.65 -30% Levelton, 2000 Corn 0.67 38% Wang, 2001 Corn 0.54-0.57 32-25% Levy, 1993 Corn 0.85-0.95 33-30% Marland, 1991 Corn 0.78 21% Levington, 2000 Wheat 0.9 29% ETSU, 1996 Wheat 0.98 47% EC, 1994 Wheat 1.03 19% Levy, 1993 Wheat 0.81 32% In addition to corn, there are variety kinds of plant resources can be used to produce ethanol fuel.
Table 1 Energy and emission reduction of corn and wheat for ethanol [3].
Research Material Energy efficiency GHG emission reduction GM/ANL, 2001 Corn 0.5-0.55 N/A Pimentel, 2001/9 Corn 1.65 -30% Levelton, 2000 Corn 0.67 38% Wang, 2001 Corn 0.54-0.57 32-25% Levy, 1993 Corn 0.85-0.95 33-30% Marland, 1991 Corn 0.78 21% Levington, 2000 Wheat 0.9 29% ETSU, 1996 Wheat 0.98 47% EC, 1994 Wheat 1.03 19% Levy, 1993 Wheat 0.81 32% In addition to corn, there are variety kinds of plant resources can be used to produce ethanol fuel.