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Fig. 9 Manufactured parts Experiment The reduction of the magnitude of flow separation about an airfoil can potentially improve the performance of a wing by simultaneously providing an increase in lift and decrease in drag.
The current research was aimed at finding ways to reduce the penalty associated with the operation of a separation control device, and provide experimental verification of any reductions in energy consumption.
Beyond these basic parameters, focusing on the detailed fluid dynamic behavior of the jet itself may provide further reductions in energy consumption.
Incremental increases in lift coefficient over the baseline (AJVG off) configuration of between 0.023-0.18, were achieved for less energy input (Cµ) when the jet injection profile was configured with an exponential increase in velocity, the greatest reduction in energy consumption occurred for the incremental increase in lift coefficient of 0.16, where a reduction in energy consumption of approximately 14% was observed (Fig.12).
The fidelity and accuracy of the resulting item ensured that accurate and reliable data was obtained from the wind tunnel testing campaign.

This enables substantial reductions in the overall system size and weight due to the potential downsizing of the semiconductor, passive components/magnetics and the cooling system.
Results have shown that up to 10 kV, in addition to the drastic reductions in switching losses, low conduction losses are also achievable even at high temperatures.
We will address next both benefits and challenges with respect to the above requirements supported by test data for 3300 V IGBTs/diodes chips (active area of 1 cm2) compared to 1st Gen.
For similar conduction losses at typical nominal currents, the SiC MOSFET offer more than 75% reduction in switch mode overall switching losses (SiC: 52 mJ, Si: 226 mJ) with negligible diode recovery losses despite the MOSFET PIN diode bipolar charge (SiC: 2 mJ, Si 145 mJ) when compared to silicon diodes.
Therefore, for high power applications, the loss reductions remain substantial and will have a strong impact for the system performance.

The software package was provided by the Institute of Environmental Physics, Heidelberg University, and except a dewow filter for removing the low frequencies from the measured spectrum, no averaging or filtering was performed on the acquired data.
From the statistical analysis of this two types of data, the TDR measured soil moistures of surface 10 cm deep vary greater than those within 20 cm deep and which GPR measured above the reflective layer at 0.460 ~ 0.558 m deep.
The latter two data is some closer and soil moisture of surface 20 cm deep measured by TDR is 0.027 higher in mean than the soil moisture above reflective layer measured by GPR
(4) In this study, GPR has provided continuous and fine data which cannot be obtained by TDR, remote sensing or other traditional point measurements in the field scale, and given more details to help grasp the distribution of soil moisture.
Kaatze: submitted to Journal of Chemical and Engeneering Data (1989)

After that, acquiring data for fretting – corrosion should be started with measurement potential/time changes [3].
After that, acquiring data for fretting – corrosion should be started with measurement potential/time changes [19].
Simultaneously, obtained reduction of potential values ​​ as much as 8 mV, during the four-hour process of fretting on the tenfold lower than the monitored surface, speak for significant intensification of corrosion by the fretting processes.

The frequency-dependent electrical data were used to study the conductivity mechanism.
P2O5 have been considered over conventional silicate and borate glasses due to the high ionic field strength of P+5 which reduction in glass viscosity and crystallization temperature that improves the nucleation and growth process [5].
The value of dc bulk conductivity has been calculated from the impedance data using the relation, σac = t/RbA , where Rb is bulk resistance, t is thickness and A is the area of electrode deposited on the sample.

Waste heat blank can be continuously cast from molten metal by magnetic floating and moderate temperature reduction.
The copper liquor blades flow into a drawing head made from magnetic permeability materials, then are dragged by a dragger through a traction belt and flow into magnetic floating (containing magnetic confinement, the same below) and appropriate temperature reduction crystallization areas 5-12 so that molten metal appropriately cools down, crystallizes and becomes afterheat processing billet which keeps the upper limited temperature of hot rolling, (5-12 regional functions in Figure are equivalent to a today’s crystallizer), and then the afterheat processing billet enters into a hot continuous rolling mill and is continuously hot-rolled into strip billet. 1-copper liquor; 2-flow control; 3-refractory brick 4- thermit mold card (not painted in Figure) ; 5-cooling nozzle ; 6-exhuast hood ; 7-hot rolling mill 8-finishing (containing dehydration, drying, brushing); 9-crop end ; 10-reeling (comprising traction) ; 11-billet receiving device; 12-supporting wheel; 13-coil (double steep
But mathematical models, computational formulas and practical parameters covering the non magnetizer (for example, the coil in this project) are blank; and the electromagnetism experiments and experimental data covering the non magnetizer are also not reported. 2.4Decisive Progress Made in MFCC Process As MFCC process is the first invention in the world, MFCC process can only be explored and accumulated through blow-in trail production time after time.
Benefit of MFCCR Process Applied in Production of Copper Strip Materials 3.1 Yield of MFCCR Expected to Be Greater than 85% (continuous casting milling surfaces have the thickness of 12-15mm, and the yield of billets is about 80 %.) 3.2 Energy Conservation: 58.5% of energy is saved when MFCCR process is applied to the copper strip production. 3.3 Production Cost Reduction and Industry Increment As production flow is substantially shortened and material consumption is reduced due to MFCCR, for the production of strips with the same thickness of 0.18mm, high-quality strip billet manufactured through MFCCR is expected to have the thickness of about 0.5mm to 0.3mm.
If the metal loss of every ton of copper strip materials is reduced to be 1% from 3%, the net increment every ton for energy conservation and consumption reduction is more than two thousand yuan. 3.4 Substantial Reduction of Fixed Investments in New Factory More than 70% of investments are expected to be saved when this process is used for building a copper strip factory. 3.5 Casting Billet of High Quality Existing continuous casting adopts a cold mold crystallizer; hard shells formed by molten liquid rubs with inner walls in the continuous movement; and flaws appear on the surface of casting billet.

When changes to existing ELF sources are expected, ELF fields reduction should be considered with safety, reliability and economic aspects.
The reduction of exposure limits is regarded as one precautionary measure in some countries.
Measures should be maintained where the scientific data are inadequate, imprecise or inconclusive and the risk is considered too high to be imposed on society.
If the department of power line management could verify that they has tried their best to take measures, but there is no technical possibility to achieve 1 μT, or the cost for this reduction of emission level is more than 5% of the total cost of the line construction, then the installation limits are allowed to be exceeded.
It is their own choice for Member States that whether the reduction factors in international guidelines are adopted and how great the reduction factors are determined on the basis of threshold.

Some problems associated to water presence in NG are NG price depreciation, as water content declines the natural gas heating value; reduction of the transportation capacity in NG pipelines, as the formation water originated from condensation may cause reduction of effective flow area; water presence can also aggravate corrosion problems with acid gases such as CO2 or H2S.
NG composition (dry basis) NG composition [mol%] Methane 85.48 Ethane 8.26 Propane 3.06 i-Butane 0.47 n-Butane 0.85 i-Pentane 0.20 n-Pentane 0.24 Hexane 0.21 Heptane 0.06 Nitrogen 0.53 CO2 0.64 All the simulations were conducted in HYSYS 8.8 with Thermodynamic Package CPA-EOS using HYSYS Library of Component Data and CPA-EOS Binary Interaction Parameters, except for the TEG absorption section, which was performed with Glycol Package of HYSYS 8.8.
Such total loss reduction of approximately 90% achieved by SS-THI-Recovery directly impacts process economics and the associated costs of logistics and transportation of the chemical.
Total Power Consumption and CO2 emissions Total power consumption and associated CO2 emissions are reduced by 28% with SS-THI-Recovery, which represents a very significant reduction.
In comparison with traditional route, SS-THI-Recovery shows better energy efficiency and presents the following comparative advantages: (i) increase of revenues due to 4 times higher LPG production with better grade; (ii) lower THI make-up costs; (iii) footprint gain by reducing storage capacity for THI make-up; (iv) footprint gain as SS-based technologies are more compact than conventional processing; (v) lower power consumption; (vi) reduction of 28% of CO2 emissions and power consumption.

Based on the defined shape of the inducer by use of 3D-CAD system, the developed CAM system finally generates interference-free NC data for 5-axis control ultraprecision Fig. 7 Inducer to be machined Fig. 8 Configuration of the inducer Fig. 9 Collision avoidance between a diamond Fig. 10 Cutting simulation milling cutter and a workpiece milling, taking account of the collision between a diamond milling cutter and a workpiece, as illustrated in Figure 9.
Before machining, cutting simulation is performed on the basis of generated NC data, whose result is shown in Figure 10.
From the simulation, it is confirmed that the generated NC data can manufacture the inducer.
As the demand to rapidly produce microparts, the reduction in lead-time to machining will be strongly requested.

On the other hand, the increment of foundation load and reduction of foundation bearing capacity can be caused by some reasons, such as surrounding environment changes and function changes of building,accident.
Low Strain Dynamic Testing Techniques.The method of low strain reflected wave is applied to test the integrity of pile body.Plain concrete pile of composite foundation is chosen to low-strain dynamic testing.Compare the test data before and after foundation construction,the feasibility of low-strain dynamic testing testing technique used in existing ground is verified.The in-situ low-strain testing curve of existing foundation can be seen from figure 6,while dynamic testing curve after completion of pile can be seen from figure 7.
Many domestic and foreign scholars gain data through the in-situ measurement technology and statistics analysis, foundation bearing capacity of existing building obtained.It is lack of test data and system test methods and evaluation technology.