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Under this content, MSP has an outstanding friction reduction and self-repairing properties
All that illuminated that MSP in lubricant oil had a good friction reduction property under variable testing loads.
From these, MSP at low load conditions had more excellent tribological properties; while at high load conditions, it can still show good friction reduction and anti-wear.
According to the friction surface temperature theory [10], the main factors affecting the temperature characteristics are the surface pressure “P” and sliding velocity “v”.
Compared with the high load condition，MSP will play better tribological properties at low load condition

Introduction The concept of using a 'plastic inclusion' was proposed by Eshelby [1] as a useful mathematical approach to dealing with 'composite' materials, i.e. those where part of the material has undergone an 'instantaneous' change in properties, such as in a phase transformed zone or a region of plasticity.
It shows the variation in the three new stress intensity factors through a tensile half cycle of loading.
Christensen: Fatigue crack growth affected by metal fragments wedged between opening-closing crack surfaces, Appl.
Patterson, Determination of predominantly mode II stress intensity factors from isochromatic data, Fatigue Fract.
Gidley, Influence of cyclic fatigue on the mechanical properties of amorphous polycarbonate, Polymer 36 No. 4, (1995), pp.759-765

Finite Element Analysis of Corroded Truck Chassis using Sub Modeling Technique Ojo Kurdi1,2, a, R A Rahman2,b and M N Tamin2,c 1Faculty of Engineering Universiti Selangor, Bestari Jaya campus Jalan Timur Tambahan, Bestari Jaya, 45600 Selangor, Malaysia 2 Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia 81310 UTM Skudai Johor Bahru, Malaysia aojokurdi@unisel.edu.my, broslan@fkm.utm.my, ctaminmn@fkm.utm.my Keywords: corroded truck chassis, finite element analysis, sub modeling, Von Misses Stress Abstract.
They tried to reviews the factors that affect the corrosion rate of the ship hull girder.
It can be explained since at the notch region, the stress concentration factor is high.
Based on failure criteria refer to the tensile strength property, the chassis will fail after 30 years exposed to corrosive environment.
Our gratitude also goes to the CSM Laboratory and Vibration Laboratory, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia for providing facility and software package.

In view of the above factors, decide on the rearview mirror of non-contact data acquisition by using hand-held laser scanner.
Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press, 2012 [2] Jingmin Sun.
Mechanical optimization design [M].
Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press, 2011 [3] Jiuxin Ye.
Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press, 2007

However, they limited their studies to determine the bio-oil properties such as elemental and proximate analysis.
The effects of bed temperature and gas flow rate on the EFB biomass product yields and properties of pyrolytic liquid was determined by Kim et al. [6].
Characteristic of Oil Palm Biomass The chemical and physical properties of the biomass would determine the final utilization for biofuels and other products.
Bed temperature was found to be the key parameter affecting the phenol and phenolic compounds in bio-oil as shown in Fig. 1.
As a result, different biomass materials might produce very different bio-oil compositions and properties.

Affected by the submarine topography, the longitudinal slope “V” shape is designed inside the tunnel.
The factors of economy and safety should be considered for the Min. rock covering thickness, the main factors to control the embedded depth are tunnel address project, hydrology geology, submarine topography, depth of the sea, structure steadibility and casting pressure, etc. combined with the detailed geological condition, adopt the engineering analogy method and data calculating methods, to fix the Min. rock covering thickness of the tunnel according to the representative rock area and water depth, the controlling standard: water depth is 20m to 40m, the Min. rock covering thickness is 30m; if the water depth is less than 20m, then the Min. rock covering thickness should be 25m.
To guarantee the maintenance of the drainage system, the longitudinal drain pipe should accord with the high pressure and washed mechanical property index, and the pipes should have good permeability of water which is not easy to block.
The subsea tunnel is mainly affected by chloride; the chloride environment is related with the tunnel draft type, the position of ventilation shaft and the water handling methods.
The project geography condition of Qingdao Jiaozhou bay tunnel is good which is suitable for major mechanical equipments, this project use the whole cross section excavating rock drilling cars with four arms and municipal punching platform to speed construction and decrease safety risks.

MRE is a smart material with flexible properties permitting adjustments based on magnetic field.
After taking those factors into consideration, despite the simplicity, uniformity, and accuracy in detecting gait, the usage of foot switches was avoided in previous works [11].
The rheological and electrical conductivity properties of the MRE can be adjusted by adding graphite powder into the MRE mixture [18, 19, 20].
Individual limb mechanical analysis of gait following stroke.
Zhao, “Study on the structure and properties of conductive silicone rubber filled with nickel-coated graphite,” J.

To give a clearer insight about random properties of circular concrete-filled steel tube, reliability analysis is carried in the present study.
However, it should be noted that those parameters which influence the mechanical behaviors of CFT structures, always possess random nature.
The following material properties are employed in deterministic analysis: compressive strength of unconfined concrete fc=36.30MPa, elastic modulus of concrete E0=32.50GPa, strain corresponding to peak stress of unconfined concrete ε0=0.0022, yield strength of steel fy=343.55MPa, and elastic modulus of steel Es=200.00GPa.
This phenomenon may be affected by the increasing of eccentricity, bending moment will lead the failure of column gradually, therefore, the influence of uncertainty of fy on structure reliability enhances.
The material properties given in Example 1 are also adopted.

The acceptance of FRP materials in bridge engineering is mainly due to their superior properties such as high strength, better durability, corrosion resistance, and fatigue resistance.
Equations of Vehicle-Bridge Using the displacement relationship and the interaction force relationship at the contact, and setting the equations (3-5) into the equations (1-2), the vehicle-bridge coupled system can be established by combining the equations of motion of both the bridge and vehicles as follows: (6) Comparing with Eqs. (1) and (2), there are additional terms Cbb, Cbv, Cvb, Kbb, Kbv, Kvb, Fbr , and Fvr in Eq. 6, which are due to the contact interaction force. 2 Road Surface Profile The road surface profile is an important factor that affects the dynamic responses of both the bridge and the vehicles.
The geometry of this sandwich structure is designed to improve stiffness and buckling response by the continuous support of core elements with the face laminates. 3.1 Finite-element model A 3D linear elastic finite-element model of the Crawford County Bridge was constructed for both static and modal analyses with properties equivalent to the original sandwich panels.
The following parameters analysis of the vertical displacement and accelerations are shown in follows: Fig.4 V=10m/s displacement of mid-span Fig.5 V=10m/s acceleration of mid-span Fig.6 V=20m/s displacement of mid-span Fig.7 V=20m/s acceleration of mid-span Fig.8 V=40m/s displacement of mid-span Fig.9 V=40m/s acceleration of mid-span Dynamic Impact Factor (IMP)is shown in： (9) where，σd——maximum of dynamic stress；σs——maximum of staic stress。
Mechanical Vibration –Road Surface Profiles-Reporting of Measured Data, 1995, TC108/SC2, ISO, Switzerland.

Introduction About 60% problems of products exposed during using are caused by the process factors of manufacturing, so fault mechanism and the process quality evaluation model are of important engineering application value to ensure product quality and improve customer satisfaction.
While analytical method of Physics-of-Failure mainly takes reliability engineering as the theoretical basis and introduces physical and chemical methods to perform micro-mechanism analysis on internal and external factors of process quality.
To decrease the influence of subjective factors and make the result realistic [3,4], the process quality evaluation method is put forward based on MEP.
While the chopper’s speed of main shaft “v”, the back engagement of cutting edge “ap”, the longitudinal feeds “f” are the major factors that affect surface roughness of aluminum alloy box bodies.
Reliability prediction based on similarity between the products of mechanical products.