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Discrete Element Method (DEM) simulation is transforming the business of designing and optimizing equipment for the handling and processing of bulk materials.
The use of simplified particle shapes and contact interactions is needed in order to focus on the collective behavior of particles which is at the origin of many specific properties of granular materials.
Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by the Education Department Foundation of Yunnan Province (2012Y541), and Analysis and Test Foundation of Kunming University of Science & Technology (20130574/20130575), and the National Natural Science Foundation (51165013) References [1] E.Azema etc. : submitted to EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL E，2008（26）：327-335
[6] E.Azema : submitted to Mechanics of Materials，2009（41）729-741
Advanced Materials Research.

Table 1 shows the experimental material and properties.
Materials Science and Engineering A.
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Vol. 202(1998), p. 238 [13] K.
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Many efforts have been made to develop protective coatings to against AO erosion, Al2O3, SiO2 is thought as the best materials[3,4].Generally, Al2O3, SiO2 coating are prepared by physical vapor deposition[5], but these inorganic coatings have a different coefficient of thermal expansion from substrates, they can be cattle, and crack easily, and can not protect substrate materials well.
Polyimide is one of the most used materials on spacecrafts as substrate materials of solar panels.
The study is helpful for developing high performance materials against AO erosion.
Degradation of spacecraft materials in the space environment, MRS Bulletin 35(2010): 20-24
Journal of Applied Polymer Science 119(2011):794-802 [8]F.

Materials Express, 6(6), 473–482
Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 421, 113–119. doi:10.1016/j.jmmm.2016.07.068
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics, 23(1), 243–250. doi:10.1007/s10854-011-0395-9
Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 421, 113–119. doi:10.1016/j.jmmm.2016.07.068
Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, 371, 43–48. doi:10.1016/j.jmmm.2014.06.059

Effect of Fabrication Method by Powder Metallurgy on Frangibility Green Bullet Cu-10%Sn as Eco-friendly Bullet Khoiril Metrima Firmansyaha , Albertus Septyantoko, Mochammad Ghulam Isaq Khan1 , Paiman Jhony , Rosena Mardliah and Widyastuti Department of Materials and Metallurgical Engineering, Faculty of Industrial Technology Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Surabaya Jalan Raya ITS, Sukolilo, Surabaya, 60111 a k.metrima.firmansyah@gmail.com Keywords : Green Bullet, Powder Metallurgy, Frangibility Abstract.
Conventional bullets are made of lead base material which poison.
Therefore frangible bullet does not use lead as base material, so it is classified as green bullet.
Experimental The material is 90% copper (Cu) powder and 10% tin (Sn) powders.
,Banovic, Microstructural Characterization and Mechanical Behaviour of Cu-Sn Frangible Bullets, Journal Material Science & Engineering, National Institute of Standards and Technology, United States, 2007

Experimental Procedure Materials and Specimens.
Reifsnider (Ed.), Application of Fracture Mechanics to Composite Materials, L., Elesevier Science Pub., Amsterdam, (1989) 189-247
Friedlich, Microstructural details and the effect of testing conditions on the fracture toughness on injection-molded poly(phenylene-sulphide) composites, Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 22 (1987) 947-961
Akiniwa, X-ray residual stress measurement of short-fiber reinforced plastics, Proceeding of the 47th Symposium of X-Ray Studies of Mechanical Behavior of Materials, The Society of Materials Science, Japan, (2013) 119-124
Chee, Effects of thermal history on crystal structure of poly(phenylene sulphide), Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 27 (1992) 5609-5619

Pirota, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 242-245, 33 – 40 (2002) [2] M.
Kurlyandskaya et al, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 383 (2015) pp. 220-225 [13] M.T.
Ser. 909 012030 [16] R.B. da Silva et al, Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 394 (2015) pp. 87-91 [17] D.G.Park, H.Song, and Y.M.Cheong, Effects of Gamma Irradiation and Thermal Annealing on the Co-Based Amorphous Ribbon, IEEE Trans.
Peng, Giant Magnetoimpedance Materials: Fundamental and Applications, Progress in Materials Science 53 (2008), pp. 323-420 [22] A.
Phan, Srikanth, Material Science and Engineering B, 179, 146 – 150 (2010) [23] Routray KL, Sanyal D, Behera D, Gamma irradiation induced structural, electrical, magnetic and ferroelectric transformation in bismuth doped nanosized cobalt ferrite for various applications, Materials Research Bulletin 110 (2019) pp. 126-134

Materials Transaction, 2013; 44(5), 973–980
Journal of Materials Research, 2014; 7, 359–366
Journal of Engineering Science and Technology., 1(1), 31–40
International Journal of Material Science Engineering, 2012; 1: 7 – 16
Materials Science and Metallurgy Engineering, 2014; 2: 26 – 30

It is assumed that the material is linearly elastic and that a fracture criterion is a time dependent material strength.
International Journal for Numerical Methods In Engineering, Vol. 80:1, 46–73
Proposal of new damage model for thermal shock based on dynamic fracture on the brittle materials.
Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids, Vol. 351:24-26, 2065-2075
Journal of Materials Science Letters, Vol. 12:8, 1481-1484

At the same time, some new and practical knowledge point containing fresh raw materials, processing technology and structural designing should be added periodically to the handout because of the rapid development of modern science and technology.
It is designing by themselves a paper box or carton and choosing the raw materials for it, then printing on the box surface and molding at last.
What are the requirements of the pre-printing on printing materials and equipments?
Processing Technology of Paper Box and Carton is a popular science curriculum to the printing engineering students, in which the packaging designing, raw materials choosing and the packaging goods production were introduced.
It makes us learn more packaging knowledge about packaging materials, packaging process, packaging decoration design.