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Miheev Institute of Metal Physics UD of RAS, 620137, Ekaterinburg, Russia. 2Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia 3Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of RAS, Moscow 119991, Russia ae-mail: suhorukov@imp.uran.ru Keywords: Kerr effect, magnetoreflection, magnetotransmission, mercury and cadmium spinel, single-crystal, infrared range.
The difference in the optical properties of HgCr2Se4 and CdCr2Se4 is caused by the difference in the electronic band structure [9,10].
Maximum changes in the value and shape of the spectra are observed at energies of Е< 1.5 eV and reflects the change in the electron band structure due to contribution of free charge carrier.
The change of spectra of Dt/t for Hg1-xCdxCr2Se4 is likely to be due to the decrease in the contribution related to the free charge carriers and to the transformation of the electron structure induced by the substitution of Cd for Hg.
The change in the spectra reflects the change in the electron energy structure.

Li et al [2021] investigated the effects of the inlaid material, yarn and knitted structure of buoyant swimwear on its net buoyant force, compression and tensile properties [8].
Montagna et al [2009] studied on raw material, fabric structure, and machine parameters for swimming performance evaluation and optimization of training and racing swimsuits.
The parameters most affecting the compressive effect, which is one of the most used techniques to reduce friction, were found to be structure and loop length [13].
Sustainable Textiles: Production, Processing, Manufacturing & Chemistry.
Zhou, Influence of inlaid material, yarn and knitted structure on the net buoyant force and mechanical properties of inlaid knitted fabric for buoyant swimwear.

Introduction Gelatin is not natural protein but derived from collagen by any of processes including destruction of the secondary structure or some aspects of the primary and tertiary structures of the collagen [1].
The intensity of amide III had been associated with the triple helical structure.
References [1] Nijenhuis, K. te., Thermoreversible networks: viscoelastic properties and structure of gels, Advances in Polymer Science. 130 (1997) 165-166
[14] Wong, D.W.S., Mechanism and Theory in Food Chemistry, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1989, pp. 48-103

The top view of hexagonal 4H-SiC structure is shown in Fig. 1(b), from which it is well understood that the rectangle EFGH is equivalent to rectangle FJIG, and thus the rectangular cell could be regarded as periodic unit.
(b) Top view of hexagonal 4H-SiC structure, every color represents one stacking position.
This could be explained from the surface structure that the C at terminated surface has bonded to three Si atoms below, and Si at terminated surface only bond to one C atom below.
Kanaya, Stepped structure on the {0001} facet plane of α-SiC, Surf.
Tersoff, Modeling solid-state chemistry: Interatomic potentials for mnlticomponent systems, Phys.

The crystal structure, microstructure and optical performance of the films were characterized with using X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscope (AFM), and UV-Vis spectrophotometer.
After cooled, the samples were cleaned with using of deionized water and then dried. 2.5 Characterization The crystal structure of the samples were tested with X - ray diffraction (XRD, SHIMAZU company XRD - 7000, Cu target, Kα line, tube voltage of 40 kV, tube current of 20 mA).
The surfaces of the film structure were observed with atomic force microscope (SHIMADZU SPM - 9500 j3). 3.
Its specific chemical reaction equation is as follows [12, 13]: Zn(NO3)2 →Zn2++2NO3- (1) NO3-+H2O+2e- →NO2- +2OH- (2) Zn2++2OH- →Zn(OH)2 (3) Zn(OH)2 →ZnO+ H2O (4) Total reaction equations are as follows: Zn2++ NO3- +2 e-→ZnO+ NO2- (5) 3.1 Effect of temperature on the structure of ZnO thin films Fig. 2 shows the XRD patterns for the ZnO films prepared with different deposition temperature of 40 ºC, 60 ºC, and 80 ºC, respectively.
[3] JOSPH B,GOPCHANDRAN K G,THOMAS P V,et al.A study on the chemical spray deposition of zinc oxide thin films and their structural and electrical properties[J].Materials Chemistry and Physics,1999,58(1):71-77

This implant surface oxide layer is very stable, but the surface characteristics of oxide layers such as surface composition, topography, surface energy, wettability, hydrophilicity, and chemistry play an important role in cellular responses to implant material [1].
Anodic oxide films produce overlapping microporous structures [8].
This is a typical crystalline structure after anodizing treatment.
Alternatively, it may result from characteristics of the anodized surface itself, such as increased Ca and P composition, micropore and microprojection structure, or crystallinity [16].
Conclusions In SEM observation of the surface texture, anodized surfaces showed porous, rough, and overlapping structures with microprojections.

It is known that the quenched structure such as martensite is the prerequisite for engendering cold crack in HAZ.
Experimental Experiments were carried out using 10 mm thick ASTM A572 GR.65 steels plates, chemistry of which is given in Table 1.
For a low heat input of 10 kJ/cm, the primary quenched structure consists of lath martensite and M-A constituent.
Weld preheating in the low heat input situation (10kJ/cm) is propitious to the toughness, because it can refine the quenched structure, such as M-A constituent and lath martensite, in CGHAZ.
References [1] Y.Wang, J.L.Zhou and Y.Ye: Hot Working Technology Vol. 38-21 (2009), p.29(in Chinese) [2] Y.C.Chen: Welding Technology of Low Alloy Structural Steel(Mechanical Industry Publication, China 2008) (in Chinese) [3] Y.J.Li, J.Wang, P.Liu: Welding and Engineer Application of Low Alloy Steel (Chemical Industry Publication, China 2003) (in Chinese) [4] M.Shome, O.P.Gupta and O.N.Mohanty: Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, Vol.35A (2004), p986 [5] Joonoh Moon, Sanghoon Kim and Hongchul Jeong: Material Science and Engineering A454-455(2007) p.648 [6] R.E.Dolby, D.J.Widgery, Member Report, M/52/70, The Welding Inst., 1970 [7] D.F.Mo, F.Hua, S.J.Chen: Jonrnal of Iron and Steel Research, International, Vol.16-1(2009),p.90 [8] W.W.Xu, Q.F.Wang and T.Pan, in: Proceedings of Sino-Swedish Structural Materials Symposium 2007, p.237 [9] Y.Gan and Z.L.Tan: Steel Material Manual (Chemical Industry Publication, China2009) (in Chinese) [10] W.M.Mao, J.C.Zhu and J.Li: The Structure

Synthesis of crystalline carbon nitride by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition Jinchun Jiang 1, Wenjuan Cheng 1, Yang Zhang 1,2, Hesun Zhu 1 and Dezhong Shen 1 1 Institute of Functional Crystal and Film, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. 2 Center for Photonics and Electronics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China Keywords: Advanced Materials, Carbon nitride, C3N4 crystallites, Chemical vapor deposition.
Instruction Since the theoretical calculation about carbon nitride by Liu and Cohen [1] and others [2-5], considerable efforts have been made to realize and understand the structures and properties of the predicated metastable crystalline C3N4 phases (α, β, cubic, etc.).
It has been successful in the application of microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) to synthesize tetrahedrally-bonded metastable structures, such as high-quality diamond and silicon nitride films.
Since the total energy, crystal structure, bulk modulus, and atomic density of the two phases are so close [2], the non-equilibrium processes as used in our experiments are likely to lead to the simultaneous presence of both of these phases.
Since there are many as thirteen peaks matching well with the calculated frequencies, which were directly deduced from the α- and β-Si3N4 material, our Raman spectrum provides unambiguous evidence that the structure of the film is similar to that of α- and β-Si3N4, suggesting that the deposited film is containing the α- and β-C3N4 phases.

The objective this paper is to produce a calcium phosphate coating evenly distributed on the Ti-7.5Mo that grows from nanotubular oxide structure.
Surface morphology and coating chemistry were obtained respectively using a scanning electron microscope (SEM, LEO 1450 VP, Zeiss, Germany) and an energy dispersive X-Ray spectrometer (EDS, Oxford Instruments, Inca Energy Model, UK).
The samples anodized to 30 V after immersion in 5.0-M NaOH at 80 ºC for 2 h exhibited a densified, cavernous-like structure with some cracks, and the pore size is 40–80 nm (Fig. 3a and 3b) that is in agreement with the results reported by Ho et al [21].
According to Kim et al. [22], these microporous structures of metal surfaces suggest the probable formation of a sodium titanate hydrogel (Na2Ti5O11 or Na2Ti6O13).
In-vitro immersion of the nanotube structure in a simulated body fluid induced the nucleation and growth of nanoapatite.

According to its morphology and structure essence, it is called "metamorphic layer."
Figure 1 Gun barrel metamorphic layer structure (2% alcoholic nitric acid corrosion) Diffusion leakage layer can be diffused if it’s temperature reaches or exceeds the normal diffusion leakage layer temperature of carbon nitrogen and cuprum, certainly, this layer is accumulative reason time after time.
From the obtained organizational of view, the temperature of the layer is of the two-phase region or close to two-phase region, which can get very fine carbides with a mixed structure of ferrite.
Chemistry Action.
The Main Measures Improved Barrel life of Erosion Under the existing propellant, barrel materials and manufacturing process conditions, with updating the gun steel, increasing the bore and improving the structure of the coating method, the barrel life of erosion has been successfully improved on the type of artillery.