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Its properties as a transducer include: wide frequency range of 0.001 Hz to 9-10 Hz, low acoustic impedance of close match to water, human tissue and adhesive systems, high elastic compliance and voltage output that is 10 times higher than piezo ceramics for the same force input, high dielectric strength, mechanical strength and impact resistance, and high stability on resisting moisture, most chemicals, oxidants, and intense ultraviolet and nuclear radiation [4,5].
Interfacial shear strength (IFSS) between fiber and matrix is one of the important factors in controlling mechanical performance of polymer composite materials.
Piezoelectric properties are induced by high dielectric properties based on chemical structure.
Thickness of PVDF sensor does not seem to affect on the sensing and thus thinner sensor might be desirable for the embedding
From the results of FFT analysis, the frequency for PZT was dissimilar to PVDF sensor case due to different sensor material's properties.

For simplicity of the simulation, all tools were selected as non-deformable (rigid) objects with thermal properties and billet-selected as deformable object with thermal properties—the tools were meshed by different sizes and a uniform mesh was set for the billet.
The Cr13 steel billet was meshed by 3D tetrahedral P1+ linear elements with a bubble node, size factor of 0.7, volumic size factor of 2.2 and minimum 1.5mm mesh size.
This key factor helps to finish the piercing phase.
This phenomenon is affected by process time (Fig. 5d).
V Improving the wear resistance of structural steels through the use of metallurgical production factors.

However, it is of much difficulty to obtain the specular view factor.
For each ring, the properties and temperature are assumed uniform.
The view factor between the spot and the lightpipe tip was calculated by the MCM and compared with the analytical solution [12].
The primary parameters affecting the wafer effective emissivity are only the wafer emissivity and the wafer-to-shield distance.
For a cold and highly reflective wall, the primary parameters affecting the effective emissivity of wafer are only the wafer emissivity and the wafer-to-shield distance.

The powderedegg white has a good rehydration properties, safer consumption and storage conditions than fresh product, keeping the high level of proteins and vitamins contained in the egg.
The drying process generating a porous and brittle product that is easily ground and turned into a powder with good rehydration properties [13].
According to Kadam and Balasubramanian [33], several factors may influence foam stability, such as: stirring time, type and the number of foaming agents.
Míková, Study of the factors affecting the foaming properties of egg white – a review., Czech J.
Peleg, Effect of two gums on the development, rhelogical properties and stability of egg albumen foams.

In the present investigation the leaking reason of circumferential weld of the steel 20 buried pipeline was figured out by macro inspection, nondestructive testing, physical and chemical properties, methods of medium leakage and fracture analysis.
The reliability of pipeline transportation directly affects the capacity and safety of oil and gas transportation.
Fig. 3 Schematic diagram of X-ray detection results of circumferential weld Physiochemical Property.
The chemical composition and tensile property of the material of the sample delivery pipe meet the requirements of GB/T 8163-2008.
Effects of microstructure on mechanical properties of X70 pipeline steels(J).

These affected business operations and employment of the private sector in the country.
Yang [8] studied the effect of melting temperature on the mechanical properties, including density, tensile strength, and impact property, of aluminum and zinc alloys in gravity and die casting processes.
In comparison, 460°C was the optimal temperature for the zinc alloy to maximize the cast's mechanical properties.
Zhang et al., "Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Zamak 3 Alloy Subjected to Sliding Friction Treatment," Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, vol. 50, no. 12, pp. 5888-5895, 2019/12/01 2019, doi: 10.1007/s11661-019-05466-9
Yang, "The effect of casting temperature on the properties of squeeze cast aluminium and zinc alloys," Journal of Materials Processing Technology, vol. 140, no. 1, pp. 391-396, 2003/09/22/ 2003, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-0136(03)00763-5

The incorporation of nanoparticles into hydrogel matrices offers the opportunity to enhance their properties, including mechanical strength, swelling behavior, and thermal stability [2].
TEM images under 100000x magnification of CNS Thermal Properties.
The sulfate group is a critical factor that can affect the thermal stability of CNS [12].
Hydrogels: Properties and applications in Biomedicine.
Major factors influencing the size distribution analysis of cellulose nanocrystals imaged in transmission electron microscopy.

The strain distribution within a grain seems to be affected by neighbor grains.
Introduction Measurement of inhomogeneous strain is an important and interest matter for material science and engineering, because inhomogeneous strain connect with material microstructures which dominate mechanical properties, such as strength and fracture.
As referring with the Schmid factor and Taylor factor, apparent deformability in each grain varies with the grain orientation due to different shear stress on a slip system.
Grains deformed easily with a low Taylor factor are probably subjected to additional deformation imposed by their neighbouring grains deformed difficulty with a high Taylor factor.
Strain distribution in the Grain 4 was significantly affected by neighbor grain.

First stage: explosive detonation driven medicine form cover to the axis of motion, then work is explosive detonation performance, detonation wave, sparse wave, medicine form cover thickness and other factors.
Target intervals depend on the physical properties of difference between each target board to interfere with the incoming projectile penetration (jet).
In general, on the one hand, through to the target board of physical properties, bonding strength theory, from the front to establish equivalent target. , on the other hand, domestic and foreign research shows that the protective armor of elastic resistance mainly focuses on two indexes: one is the protective armor against the limits of a projectile penetrating speed, another is the residual kinetic energy after projectile penetrate the protective armor.
Pang of nanjing university of science and technology institute of mechanical engineering, the use of limit penetration speed equal conditions, has won 45 # carbon steel and 603 equivalent relationship of the target plate.
He Chunxia professor on the experimental study of metal jet performance of different materials, points out that when the polymer matrix composites under the action of jet produces plastic perforated, its resistance to metal jet performance is superior to the ordinary ceramic material; The structure of materials is one of the important factors affect the fluid resistance, glass GangShan board attenuation effect than pure solid glass slabs jet is more efficient; Material thickness increases greatly after metal jet penetration performance will decline substantially.

Tjirkallis A1,b, Kyprianou A2,b, Vessiaris G3,c 1,2,3 School of Engineering Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus.
However, in reality, structures are subjected to changing environmental and operational factors, such as temperature and moisture, which cause significant changes in its properties.
Wavelet Transform allows a very precise analysis of the regularity properties of a signal, determining the points on a signal or on its derivatives that display abrupt changes.
[3] Cornwell P., Farrar C.R., Doebling S.W., Sohn H., Environmental variability of modal properties, Experimental Techniques, 1999, 45–48
Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing 21 (2007), p. 780-794