Search results

This solid-state reaction depends on large number of parameters such as particle size and chemical analyses of raw materials, type of atmosphere, types and the amounts of mineralizers and sintering aids [4-6].
Also in this condition grain growth and intergranular porosity have been detected [9].
Microchemical analysis of grains by SEM+EDX in different zones of the sample was shown that spinel was completely formed.

Therefore, possible grain boundary effects have not been studied.
To establish an influence of grain boundaries on the elastic and inelastic properties, it was interesting to receive analogous data on chromium polycrystals of technical purity using the same experimental technique.
Both in the case of quenching and preliminary deformation, a considerable number of deformation defects should be produced in the samples.

Fig. 4 Microstructure of the bimetallic composite sintered at 1250 ˚C, under 160 MPa for 20 min, (a) cross sectional SEM image of outer side WC-10Co and inner side AISI 4340, (b) EDS layered map of elemental distribution, and (c) SEM image of bonding interface, (d) SEM image of high-density solidification of WC-10Co and grain microstructures.
The total number of 11204 nodes and 8115 hexahedral elements were generated.
Xian, A research on the grain growth of WC–Co cemented carbide, International Journal of Refractory Metals and Hard Materials. 2, 25 (2007) 121-124

Since Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy (SIMS) analyses [2, 3] show that the as implanted Al profiles are preserved in all the samples of Fig. 5, the trend of the resitivity versus increasing heating rate might be due to: i) an increased number of holes because of an higher fraction of Al atoms in substitutional position, ii) a better hole mobility because of a lower residual damage in the implanted layer or iii) both these causes.
At temperature as low as 800-850°C, a Solid Phase Epitaxy (SPE) regrowth of the SiC amorphous layer starts but the reconstructed <0001> 4H- or 6H-SiC layer is so defective that the regrowing crystal rapidly converts to an epitaxial 3C-SiC structure made of tilted grains [28].
In particular, when the reconstructed layer converts to polycrystalline 3C-SiC and the as implanted Al concentration overcomes the solubility limit, a strong Al out-diffusion through the grains boundaries takes place until the Al solubility value is reached [25, 29].

The port was defined as the wall with dimensions 43.18 x 86.36 mm, being rectangular, with a power of 900 W, a Transverse Electric (TE) type mode, number 10 and 0 radians phase.
Corrêa, Colouring of Coffee Grains Related to Different Relative Humidity of the Drying Air After Partial Drying, Eng na Agric. 28 (2020) 343 – 349
Heat and Mass Transfer on the Microwave Drying of Rough Rice Grains: An Experimental Analysis, Agric. 11:1 (2021)

All coatings were found to be fine grained (smaller than 0.17 micrometers), had less than 1% porosity and with the coatings being primarily WC with a small amorphous content present, ascribed to being metallic Co.
Notwithstanding each measurement point having an individual accuracy of better than 20 mircostrain the anomalous scatter between data points is attributed to the smallness of the gauge volume employed which is susceptible to grain size, systematic errors and orientation effects [5].
residual stress values determined in the substrates and HVOF coatings using XRD and SR techniques Material CTE [10-6/K] Reflection DEC [TPa-1] Residual stress in grit-blast substrates [ MPa ] Residual stress in as-coated coatings [ MPa ] S1 ½S2 XRD SR XRD SR WC WC-17Co 2 WC (101) -0.321 1.707 ---- ---- ---- ---- Aluminium 23 Al (311) -5.05 19.462 -160 ± 10 -200 ± 25 -16 ± 17 -160 ± 50 Brass Cu63/Zn37 19 Cu (311) -2.902 11.106 -123 ± 10 -303 ± 25 -54 ± 28 -40 ± 25 304L Stainless steel Fe/Cr29/Ni16/C6 17 Fe (311) -1.598 7.034 -159 ± 36 -458 ± 25 25 ± 19 22 ± 50 Mild steel SABS1431 grade 300WA 12 Fe (211) -1.26 5.72 -172 ± 23 -441 ± 25 31 ± 19 60 ± 50 Super invar Fe64 / Ni 36 ≤ 1 Ni (200) -1.910 7.539 -251 ± 10 -695 ± 25 74 ± 31 288 ± 25 To quantify the respective residual stress contributions associated with the two dominant processing steps, i.e. grit-blast and as-coated condition, the plastic depth resolved strain profiles (eigenstrains) [6] are considered in Fig. 4 for a number

Figure 3: Wear characteristics of an active tool element during shear cutting [7] The factors which influence wear include the tool material, the cutting gap used in the specific process, tool coating, oscillations and key parameters such as material properties (e.g. rigidity) and the number of sheets processed.
Multi-phase steel has a fine-grained bainitic structure.
The wear characteristics already demonstrated by the cut surface parameters were also made visible by the structural orientation of the grains in the transition area between the smooth cut and fracture zones (see.

., since the fitting of the model to the experimental data requires a large number of parameters), or whether a technique is entirely standard-less.
Such analytical works helped to understand the crystallinity, compositional structure and defects of polycrystalline CIS-based absorbers especially on grain structure, grain boundary, depth profile in the compositional grading, defect chemistry, and so on.

It only takes 3–5 months to mature, and one hectare of sweet sorghum yields 3–7 t of grain, 54–59 t of stalks and 6–8 t of sugar [9].
Grain, leaves and stalks of sweet sorghum are commonly used as animal feed, among other uses.
Peaks in range 1300-1000 cm-1 in untreated sorghum (SV) indicated C-O stretch part of hemicellulose, pectin and lignin, and wave numbers 1600-1400 cm-1 indicated C-C stretch part of ring lignin [16, 23].

Due to the elimination of the grain boundary, single crystal superalloys can reduce or not adding low melting point of grain boundaries strengthen elements such as B, Zr and Hf, which leads to the increment of solidus temperature[2,3].
Conversely, if the aging temperature is low, the undercooling will be big, and the number of γ′ phase will become more.