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Online since: July 2019
Authors: B. Prijamboedi, An Niza El Aisnada, Wahyu Orphan Kuswantoro
For Zn2SnO4 crystal, the Sn and Zn atom occupy the same octahedral site with the same occupation number.
This opens the possibility to improve the photocatalytic performance of composite Zn2SnO4-SnO2 such by controlling the grain size or by atomic substitutions.
Detailed observation and characterization such as through Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) to obtain information on the morphology and grain structure are needed to clarify these observed properties.
Online since: January 2020
Authors: O.A. Chikova, Ksenya Yu. Shmakova, Irina Brodova, Vladimir S. Tsepelev
In particular, spreading the melt of copper laterally and vertically along grain boundaries of steel substrate is preferred.
Atoms Cu penetrate along grain boundaries of substrate and provide a path for Ga diffusion in steel.
Layer of solder CuSnBiInCd it has many pores, their number increases near substrate.
Online since: October 2016
Authors: Mathias Liewald, Daniel Heydt, Christoph Seyboldt
This alloy was produced by the company SAG (Austria) and is very suitable for semi-solid forming process, because of its relatively wide solidification interval (∆T = 58 K) and it has a finely grained globular microstructure after the electromagnetical stearing during solidification.
Fig. 1: Solid phase fraction over temperature for A356 (Scheil equation) In order to avoid any undesired growth of grains during the heating process of the aluminium slugs, heating should be as fast as possible to reach the desired microstructural condition.
These samples showed a clear foam structure without compression and only a low number of ruptures in the ceramic webs for all liquid fractions.
Online since: October 2015
Authors: Ján Duplák, Peter Michalik, Dušan Mitaľ, Svetlana Radchenko, Zuzana Hutyrová, Andrej Czán, Włodzimierz Makiela
Fig. 2 The curve of tensile strain Fig. 3 Iron density change versus temperature [8] The tensile stress created by stretching the material under the surface of grains, thus reducing the life of the material as well as deterioration of the mechanical properties.
When compressive stress on grain pressure is applied by changing their shape and causes their strength and better mechanical properties - thereby increasing longevity [2,11-13].
(8) Fig.6 Graphical dependence of residual stress on depth of cut Conclusion Creation of equations representing the influence of cutting parameters on the formation and size of residual stresses was carried out on the basis of verification values, which is considered to be sufficiently accurate values, but when watching various statistical parameters were set relatively small number, which is the extension of the experiment followed a recommendation by mutual combination of cutting parameters for improved and more accurate identification of traces of residual stresses in the material.
Online since: November 2015
Authors: Ana Boşneag, Marius Adrian Constantin, Daniela Monica Iordache, Eduard Laurentiu Nitu, Alin Rizea
During the welding process, reinforcement elements can create a number of problems in the process.
SEM (scanning electron microscope) analysis of the AA2124/SiC/25p-T4 MMC showing: (a) base MMC, (b) weld zone [2] Regarding the microstructure of the composite materials with metallic matrix the following can be said: a better homogenization of the initial distribution of abrasive particles occurs, irrespective of rotational speed of particles type in FSW zone [6], [1], [2], [7], [14], particles were distributed more homogeneously in the WZ compared to those in the BM [7], the abrasive effect of the pin on the ceramic reinforcement led to a significant reduction of the size particles to the base MMC [12], [2], [3], [10] and grain refinement of the matrix aluminium alloy was observed [12].
- for AA6061/Al2O3 and AA6060/ B4C hardness always increased from the base material to the FSW zones, due to refining effect of the grain sizes of aluminum alloy and their embedding in the soft matrix, produced by severe wear and breakage of the reinforcement particles induced by the tool.[10], [12], [13].
Online since: July 2017
Authors: Nils Stelzer, Michael Kitzmantel, Lilla Vály, David Grech, Erich Neubauer, Ľuboš Bača
Titanium Grade1 powder (grain size: 75-180µm) with 30 vol.% and 10 vol.% concentrations of B4C particles (grain size: 45-75 µm) were prepared.
Fig. 2 Multilayer test pieces (5 layers) with Ti+10 vol.% B4C powder on Titanium Grade2 substrate (left), cross section of the Ti+10 vol.% B4C deposition on the Titanium Grade2 substrate (right) Table 1 shows the welding parameters (pilot arc current, welding current, powder feed, travel speed, seam length and number of deposited layers) used for the test seams.
Online since: November 2011
Authors: Er Xin Gao, Xue Gui Wang, Xian Long Sun, Zhen Yu Hao, Rong Zheng Zhu
It is 281m3/h. 2 1.20 204.40 36.00 3 2.90 265.40 31.00 4 2.60 351.00 51.00 5 3.60 390.00 93.00 6 3.80 412.60 52.00 Total 292.00 The position of grouting hole and the bore of hole The position of grouting hole The number of grouting holes is directly related to the quality of grouting [4].
From the observation,it revealed that the fracture is filled with slurry and the strata is close-grained.
In the process of shaft digging, it is proved that the fractures were full filled and close-grained.
Online since: August 2012
Authors: Janusz Adamiec, Tomasz Pfeifer, Janusz Rykała
For a number of reasons, so far the application of the MIG method in welding of thin-walled elements made of high-strength plastic-worked and precipitation-hardened aluminium alloys has not proved fully satisfactory; this being in particular due to significant porosity (esp. 2xxx-series alloys) and too much heat supplied to metal, which, in turn, resulted in a high decrease in mechanical properties in the fusion zone (caused by a loss of advantageous output structure of alloy following precipitation hardening) as well as susceptibility to hot cracking (formation of low-melting eutectics).
Both filler metals contain zirconium stabilising the structure and preventing grain growth.
Only in case of the metallographic specimens of the joints made of EN AW 6082 alloy by means of the MIG-Pulse method it was possible to detect micro-cracks along the grain boundary.
Online since: August 2015
Authors: Tadeusz A. Przylibski
TECTONIC UNIT NUMBER OF DATA MIN.
The highest number of measurements have been performed in the area of the Sudetes and the Fore-Sudetic block in connection with research aimed at determining radon potential [6].
LLD - lower limit of detection Geological unit (region of Poland) 222Rn activity concentration Number of data Min.
They are formed as a result of radioactive alpha transformation of 226Ra incorporated in mineral structures or present in interstitial pores and on the grain surface of reservoir rocks.
The maximum number, 70% of all the 222Rn atoms formed in rock, can be released to ground-waters in zones disturbed by brittle tectonic deformations.
Online since: November 2011
Authors: Man Li, Jing Yu Tong, Yu Bai, Dong Bo Tian, Bin Wang, Zhi Hao Wang
When the grain size and shape distribution are affirmed, the particles of different classes can be mixed by mixing machine.
Focused Beam Reflectance Measurement (FBRM) instrument can be highly sensitive and accurate measurement of particle size and particle number changes.
With the number / length / distribution can range from the distribution of precipitation designated to improve resolution.
Vacuum chamber subsystem could simulate vacuum, high and low temperature range environment of the moon, with the deuterium lamp in it which used to provide the UV light source; The turntable subsystem with the simulated lunar dust is used to provide carrying mechanism for lunar rover wheel; simulated lunar dust manufacture subsystem could manufacture simulated lunar dust for rover wheel terramechanics test; test subsystem could test the velocity, electricity charge, size and number of the lunar dust partial.
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