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Its microstructure consists of fine equiaxed γ grains with an average size of 20µm.
Small particles of α2 phase are present along the γ grain boundaries.
The curve obtained is relatively flat with a large variation in the number of cycles to failure at similar stress levels.

The applied leather has merits of good uniformity, fullness, softness and fine grain.
These modification methods can improve the permeability in leather fiber and dissolvability of vegetable tannins in water, but a large number of acid, alkali and salt was used in the process.

The research of all kinds of factors is put up on the inner coking of coal in the plasma reactor during the processing of pyrolysis of coal to acetylene, includ cooking phenomenon, coal of property, coal of grain degree, enter anticipate a speed , power and equip structure.
In the reactor the complex radical pyrolysis reactions happen and the creating pyrolysis gases have much acetylene and carbon monoxide, a small number of methane and ethylene, trace amounts of carbon dioxide.
There is also observed a large number of carbon black on the coking material upper when the channel blockage caused by device coking, rarely carbon black material on the coking material upper when no reaction channel blocked.
Because the coal particals interior of larger particle size in plasma centre reaction zone is short of the pyrolysis reaction temperature for the heat transfer rate, and then left, which forms a large number of coal pyrolysis residue.

The discrete encoding manner is adopted, and the real solutions are kept when ants code, therefore, real number or discrete encoding manner is adopted in cross and variation operation.
This problem is solved by NSGAII, the encoding use real numbers.
Set the number of population is 20, crossover possibility is 0.9, mutation possibility is 0.1, is 100, the number of population renewing used the expression , stands for the iteration times.
The number of ants is set as 16 to maintain the diversity of this problem better, the number of ants which enhance the local capacity of searching optimal solution by using the manner of positive feedback is 4.
Multi-objective Runner Optimization of Injection Mold Based on Variable-grain Strategy.

The number of specimens used in this study amounted to 20 specimens.
Specimens were then divided into two groups, namely Group A (Number 10 specimens, the Fuji IX type II GIC) and group B (number of 10 specimens, the type II GIC added 5% nanoparticle silica).
However, the 2 GIC type II specimen has a larger number (19.1 μm) compared to silica modification (11.0 μm).
The presence of granular grains on cement powder and liquid also add to the strength of its adhesions, where granular grains act as fillers that will fill the adhesion bond between the restoration and teeth.[12] Researchers suspect on GIC silica modification has better properties compared to GIC type II (Fuji IX) because it is better to bond the enamel formed compared to dentin.

They owe many of their favourable properties to their amorphous structure, which does not contain lattice defects such as grain-boundaries and dislocations.
Later SSAR has been detected for a number of combinations of metals.
The crystallised sample has a complicated two-phase microstructure with a high density of grain- and phase-boundaries, which may act as diffusion short circuits
The number of atoms participating in a collective jump event depends on the composition of the glassy metal..
The diffusion profiles were analysed by the authors assuming type-C kinetics of grain-boundary diffusion.

At IEP, the number of positive charge sites produced by adsorbed H+ ions on beryllia powder is equal to negative charge site by adsorption of OH- ions, so the net charge equals zero and the particles in the suspension can be easily agglomerated and flocculated.
The microstructures of the sintered ceramics is shown in Fig. 9, which suggests that the average grain size of the sintered body is enlarged, and there are some porosities mainly at the triple points and a few within the grains. 50 mm Fig. 9 Microstructures of specimens sintered for 2 h at 1680 °C Conclusions (1) High solids loading BeO suspension with low viscosity by using suitable NH4PAA as the dispersant was developed.

In addition, the occurrence of bone fractures has increase due to an increased number of traffic accidents and the increase in life expectancy from age 35 to 70.
For instance, Niespodziana et al. had described in a very recent paper about production of metallic titanium-HA nanocomposites with different HA contents, but the grain size of Ti is given as <45 micron.
It is clearly seen that similar microstructures were observed in composites sintered at 1000°C (Fig.3a,c) and typical densification behaviour and grain growth were observed at composites sintered 1300°C (Fig.3b,d).

In addition, the brittleness and high hardness can also cause strength degradation due to the formation of surface and subsurface cracks and other defects [16-18].Flawless machining, free of brittle fracture was possible by having a critical depth of cut and flattened grains slightly protruding from the surface of the grinding wheel [19].
It was observed [20] that the material removal rate increases and the quality of the ground surface decreases with increasing number of cracks in grinding and cutting of advanced ceramics with diamond grinding wheels containing a binding resin bond.
In ceramics, plastic deformation does not occur during material removal, both the strength and brittleness reduce at high temperatures due to the softening of a glassy phase at the grain boundaries; the material is removed mainly due to the combination of brittle fracture and plastic deformation [39].Although LAM is a comparatively low cost process with improved efficiency, the surface quality of machined by LAM parts leaves something to be desired: when the cutting tool enters and exits the work piece during the laser assisted milling of ceramics (Si3N4), it results in work piece edge chipping at both the entry and exit location [40].An increase in work piece temperature at the cutting zone during LAM of Si3N4 can eliminate both the macro-scale entry and interior edge chippings, but the macro-scale exit edge chipping cannot be avoided completely.

Thereby, grain refinement, microstructure homogenization, degassing, and purification would be induced [6].
Thereby the nucleation rate of Co-bearing phases would be increased, and then the grain refined.
Secondly, a large number of Co-bearing atomic clusters with long range disorder but short range order would be heated quickly and melt under the action of local high temperature induced by ultrasonic cavitation.