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The importance of these factors and the means for characterizing them for developing standards and specifications are also discussed.
Because of its localized nature it produces gradients in both material and mechanical properties.
Beyond 100-hours, the material properties change little, unless the alloy is heated above 100°C.
Gradients in joint properties were documented with electrical conductivity and microhardness measurements.
Figure 1 shows typical properties with softer heat affected zones located on either side of the stir zone.

Several parameters such as electrical properties (AC breakdown voltage) and dielectric properties (dissipation factor, relative permittivity and resistivity) were measured accordingly based on IEC 60156 and IEC 60247 international standards.
Fully ADTR-2K Plus equipment set is used in to analyze the essential dielectric properties of oil samples.
Figure 3 illustrate the dielectric properties of oil samples from 0 – 0.05 g/L CNT nanofluids concentrations.
Darma, “Dielectric properties of mixtures between mineral oil and natural ester,” 2008 Int.
Pérez Remesal, “Dielectric properties enhancement of vegetable transformer oil with TiO2,CuO and ZnO nanoparticles,” Renew.

According to GB/T12941-2008 and GB/T 2679.7-2006, the mechanical properties of the material meet the relevant standards.
Tab.1 The factors and levels of orthogonal tests 1.2.3 Testing methods and properties (1) Tensile strength test method of GB/T 12941-2008"Paper and cardboard Determination of tensile strength" to test [1] .
Various factors of impact pierce strength against the primary and secondary: Starch dosage(A)→PVA concentration(B)→Hot-pressing Temperature(C).The best combination of test: A2B3C2. 2.2.1 PVA concentration on the mechanics properties of materials PVA concentration on the mechanics properties of materials.
PVA on bonding effect, mechanical properties of materials with PVA concentration changes as shown in figure 2, 3.
(5) Hot-pressing temperature on mechanical properties of the material.

Effect of quenching temperature on the properties.
After different temperature 20SiMn2MoVA steel quenching heating to 200℃ tempering mechanical properties as shown in table 2.
Effect of tempering temperature on the properties.
The mechanical properties of 20SiMn2MoVA steel which quench heated at 920℃ and tempering at different temperature is shown in table 3.
Because martensite is supersaturated solid solution, thus tempering process will precipitate the second phase particles, which affects the mechanical properties of the material.

This control method is quite simple and effective without affecting the system properties.
Reference [5] studies the chaos of automobile suspension and analyses the effects of various factors on chaos.
The mechanical model of 1/4 the automobile suspension system is shown as Figure1.
Setting a relatively small feedback gain factor, we can obtain a good controlling effect without affecting the system properties.
Mechanical engineering journal, 1999:35 (4) :11-14

For High altitude airship (HAA) with long time affected by space harsh environment, due to the occurrence of natural light radiation aging physical and mechanical properties, fiber-reinforced airship envelope material results in degradation of the mechanical load performance, even causing damage to the balloon airship.
The high-altitude aerostat is affected by many environmental mechanisms leading to the degradation of the mechanical properties in this space [2].
Due to the influence of multi-spectral factors, physical and chemical properties and mechanical properties of materials generated irreversible aging [3].
This paper mainly for fiber-reinforced high-altitude airship envelope material carried out the mechanical properties aging tests and the aging process morphology analysis under natural light conditions to obtain the airship envelope material mechanical properties in different axis angle 0°and 90°direction.
The test to get envelope material mechanical properties after aging using is adopted uniaxial stretching method.

The working cycle of the crane nearly 2 to 8 seconds, and researcher claims that the frequency not much higher than working frequency don’t play the key role in the factors influence the fatigue properties of welded structure.
As it known all, there are quite a lot of factors impacting the experiment precision, for eliminating the dynamic affect of the experiment loading, the length of the specimen was increased correspondingly.
Several influence factors affecting the fatigue property were analyzed and the influence pattern was obtained
WP Ouyang, Jin Zhang, XD XU, The research of fatigue properties of steel Q235 butt welded joint[J].
Atlanta: The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001: 85—103

The solid continuum has different mechanical properties for each of discrete element.
It was found that any of the factors is negligible.
These factors are subsequently changed (due to the Monte Carlo method) according to a given distribution.
Export of the Mesh with Material Properties of each Element.
Each experiment has its own unique combination of input factors.

Among the materials of choice, 316L stainless steel stands out mainly due to its exceptional corrosion resistance and mechanical properties.
Jaskari et al. observed that regardless of microstructure or mechanical properties, surface porosity dictated fatigue behavior [13].
The lower UTS observed in the 40 µm vertical orientation prompts further investigation into factors affecting mechanical performance.
Addressing these factors may lead to optimizations in printing parameters or post-processing techniques to enhance mechanical properties across different printing orientations.0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 Strain [%] 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 Stress [MPa] 40 horizontal 40 diagonal 40 vertical 80 horizontal 80 diagonal 80 vertical Fig. 4: The effect of layer thickness and orientation on the mechanical properties of the PBF-LB manufactured 316L.
Cross-testing laser powder bed fusion production machines and powders: Variability in mechanical properties of heat-treated 316l stainless steel.

A huge problem, significantly affecting a sustainability of the process, becomes a disposal of biomass (as for example stems, leaves, residual straw, roots, hulls, shells, coir pith).
It was proved that concrete with agricultural waste shows adequate mechanical and thermal properties and that it can be used as load-bearing material.
Thermal properties.
Water vapour diffusion resistance factors decrease by almost 48% in the case of dry-cup arrangement and by 58% in wet-cup arrangement.
Černý, Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Composites Containing Waste Coir Pith, Advanced Materials Research 1054 (2014) 238-242