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By proper engineering of these metallodielectric structures, light could be concentrated and ‘folded’ into a thin semiconductor layer, thereby light absorption increased [4].
This was more impressive than the value of 70% achieved with spherical structures [4-6].
This result demonstrates that sublimation and recrystallization processes did not change the lattice structure as well as made defects (two factors that have strong influence on the volume changing) of the formed Au NPs.
Kim, A green chemistry approach for synthesizing biocompatible gold nanoparticles, Nanoscale Res.
Astruc, Gold nanoparticles: assembly, supramolecular chemistry, quantum-size-related properties, and applications toward biology, catalysis, and nanotechnology, Chem Rev. 104 (2004) 293 [12] H.

The more strict requirements towards the chemistry of the sintering process – as a consequence of the higher oxygen affinity of these elements [11, 12] – have been met by advanced sintering equipment and by adapting the alloying route, e.g. by adding the alloy elements as complex masteralloys development of which has been helped by progress in modeling and simulation [13, 14].
The metallic product is immediately generated (therefore “direct”), but considerable stresses are generated as a consequence of this highly nonisothermal process, textures are formed, and support structures are needed for complex parts.
Typically also finishing operations are necessary, to remove the support structures and to obtain a reasonably smooth surface, which is particularly important for fatigue loaded components.
Carbide Data, East Barnet UK (1992) [7] W.D.Schubert, E.Lassner, W.Boehlke, Cemented carbides – a success story, International Tungsten Industries Association, London (2010) [8] H.Danninger, R.De Oro Calderon, C.Gierl-Mayer, Powder Metallurgy and Sintered Materials, in: "Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry", Wiley-VCH, Online (2017) 1 - 57
Review 3 No.2 (2014) 41-51 [31] Anonymous, Metal AM in the automotive industry: new vehicle structures, series components for the luxury market and beyond, Metal Additive Manuf. 2 No.2 (2016) p.63-75 [32] D.Bhate, Honeywell: Driving AM application and supply chain development in the aerospace industry, Metal Additive Manuf. 3 No.3, 2017, p.81-91 [33] E.Hryha, R.Shvab, H.Gruber, A.Leicht, L.Nyborg, Surface Oxide State on Metal Powder and its Changes during Additive Manufacturing: an Overview, Proc.

Ionic liquids are promising catalysts for the production of biodiesel, which meet the requirements of green chemistry showing attractive prospect for industrialization[13].
One of the more popular methods in the literature for making biodiesel in ionic liquids is to use acid-catalyzed chemistry based on an intrinsically acidic ionic liquid.
Their catalytic activity was related to their anion structure, and [n-But3N(CH2)3SO3H][CH3SO3] showed the best catalytic activity.
The reaction mechanism of ionic liquid [C4SO3Hpy]HSO4 catalyst[36] Conclusion and prospect Biodiesel is a clean-burning diesel fuel with a chemical structure of fatty acid alkyl esters.
As one kind of new environment friendly liquid acid catalyst, the ionic liquid simultaneously has high density response active sites of the liquid acid and non-volatile of the solid acid, and its structure and acidity adjustable, separates easily with the product, may repetitional uses, the thermostability is high.

However, a study revealed that a person’s belief and value structures are symbolic in nature and may not lead to actual behaviour or action [12].
Jurin, “College students' environmental belief and value structures, and relationship of these structures to reported environmental behavior,” ProQuest Information and Learning, (1995)
Jónsson, in: Theoretical Methods in Condencsed Phase Chemistry, edited by S.D.
Schwartz, volume 5 of Progress in Theoretical Chemistry and Physics, chapter, 10, Kluwer Academic Publishers (2000)

The production of Mg(OH)2 in paste for the maintained temperature history simulation of the dam was significantly higher than that for the 20°C curing temperature during the early age (28 d), and the presence of more MgO during hydration generated Mg(OH)2.The formation of Mg(OH)2 filled the pore structure and made the structure more compact.
Magnesium oxide additive for producing self-stress in mass concrete. 7th International Congress on the Chemistry of Cement. 3(3) Paris, 1980
In: Proceedings of the seventh international congress on the chemistry of cement, Paris, France, 3 (1980) 6–9
The effect of mechanical treatment on the crystal structure and thermal decomposition of dolomite.

Tin Selenide Quantum Dots Electrochemical Biotransducer for the Determination of Indinavir - A Protease Inhibitor Anti-Retroviral Drug Usisipho Felenia, Rachel Ajayi, Abongile Jijana, Unathi Sidwaba, Samantha Douman, Priscilla Baker, Emmanuel Iwuohab* SensorLab Department of Chemistry, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, South Africa.
Figure 1: Molecular structure of indinavir drug (IDV).
Ekpunobi, Structure and optical properties of chemically deposited tin selenide, Chalcogenide Lett 7 (2010) 531-538
Hanrath, SnSe nanocrystals: synthesis, structure, optical properties, and surface chemistry, J Am Chem Soc 132 (2010) 9519-9521

Recyclable Reactive Dyeing of Wool Fabrics in Environmental Friendly Non-aqueous Medium for A More Sustainable Textile Industry Luyi Chen1,2,a, Xinhui Ruan1,2,b, Jiangang Chen1,2,d,Suxin Xu1,2,c, Yiqi Yang3,4,e, and Bijia Wang1,2,f * 1Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textiles, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, 201620 Shanghai, China 2College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, 2999 North Renmin Road, 201620 Shanghai, China 3Department of Textiles, Merchandising & Fashion Design, HECO Building, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 68583-0802 Lincoln, USA 4Department of Biological Systems Engineering and Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, HECO Building, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 68583-0802 Lincoln, USA a ntcly@mail.dhu.edu.cn ,b keiness@foxmail.com ,c jiangang.chen@gmail.com , d xusuxin2008@163.com ,e Yyang2@unlnotes.unl.edu ,f bwang@dhu.edu.cn Keyword: Wool fabrics, Recyclable, Reactive
The structure of the VS dyes prepared was shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 1 Chemical structures of reactive blue 19 in its vinylsulfone form.
The result was reasonable considering DMSO molecules would cause the collapsing of the helical structure in wool keratin, which eventually led to the shortening of wool fabrics.
Indicator-based enhancement of" green chemistry and engineering principles" in chemical process design, Diss., Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule ETH Zürich, Nr. 20999, 2013, 2013

Application of Bioaugmentation to Improve Pharmaceutical Wastewater Treatment Efficiency Miks Neibergs1,a, Elina Strade1,2,b*, Vizma Nikolajeva3,c, Igors Susinskis1,d, Dzintars Rozitis1,e and Daina Kalnina2,f 1JSC “Grindeks”, Krustpils 53, Riga, LV-1057, Latvia 2Riga Technical University, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU, Paula Valdena 3/7, Riga, LV-1048, Latvia 3University of Latvia, Faculty of Biology, Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Jelgavas 1, Riga, LV-1004, Latvia amiks.neibergs@grindeks.lv, belina.strade@inbox.lv, cvizma.nikolajeva@lu.lv, digors.susinskis@gmail.com, erozitis.dzintars@inbox.lv, fdaina.kalnina@rtu.lv Keywords: bioaugmentation, pharmaceutical wastewater, removal of active pharmaceutical ingredients, biodegradation, cometabolism.
A laboratory-scale study was conducted to evaluate the efficiency of pure cultures of bacteria, yeasts and filamentous fungi to eliminate API with different chemical structure, functional groups and therapeutic effect.
Characterisation of tested API Therapeutic class Pharmaceutical compound MW, [g/mol] log Kow Chemical formula and structure Exogenous hormone Oxytocin 1007.19 -6.27 C43H66N12O12S2 Cardiovascular Meldonium dihydrate 182.26 0.45 C6H14O2N2 · 2 H2O •2H2O Sedative/ hypnotic nonbarbiturate Zopiclone 388.81 1.54 C17H17ClN6O3 Analytical Methods.
Although chemical structure of meldonium dihydrate [3-(2,2,2-trimethylhydrazinium) propionate] is simpler compared to other test substances, it was more resistant to biodegradation.
Harrison, Pharmaceuticals in the Environment: Volume 41, Royal Society of Chemistry, Cambridge, 2016

The intensity of all peaks that belong to the CdS structure increases as the film thickness increasing.
This reduction of the CdO structure is due to the higher ionic radius of sulfur comparing to that of oxygen.
These closed calculated and standard values point to low lattice distortion of the films structure.
"Semiconductor nanocrystals obtained by colloidal chemistry for biological applications." 
"Synthesis, structure, and optical properties of CdS thin films nanoparticles prepared by chemical bath technique." 

Introduction Ion exchange reactions have important applications in industrial processes and analytical chemistry, particularly for separation of ionic materials.
In analytical chemistry, chelating resins are generally used in preconcentration or separation processes [4-6], while industrially they are used for boiler water descaling, brine refining process and wastewater treatment [2,7-9].
Table 1 Characteristics of the two chelating resins TP 207 TP 208 Structure Macroporous weak acid Macroporous weak acid Matrix Cross-linked polystyrene Cross-linked polystyrene Functional group Iminodiacetic acid Iminodiacetic acid Average particle size 0.61 ± 0.05 mm 0.65 ± 0.05 mm Uniformity coefficient 1.1 1.1 Bulk density 0.72 ± 0.05 g/cm3 0.74 ± 0.05 g/cm3 Density 1.1 g/cm3 1.16 g/cm3 Total exchange capacity 2.2 meq/g 2.9 meq/g pH range pH 0~14 pH 0~14 Stock solutions of metal ions were prepared using analytical grade reagents.
It is known that iminodiacetic functional group has a similar structure to half EDTA and both amino and carboxyl can accept a proton.
Complexation in Analytical Chemistry, John Wiley & Sons Inc.