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Grácio 1,2,c 1 Centre for Mechanical Technology and Automation, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal 3 Department of Computer and Control Engineering, Rzeszow University of Technology, Poland a aoechsner@mec.ua.pt, bmichalstasiek@o2.pl, cjgracio@mec.ua.pt Keywords: Segregation, Metal-Oxide Interfaces,Fick's Law, Mathematical Modelling, Numerical Modelling, Finite Difference Method Abstract.
The presence of solute atoms at internal metal-oxide interfaces influences the physical properties of the interfaces and this, in turn, may affect the bulk properties.
The material depending factor a = Mtot/(NA ρtot Vtot) in Eq. (1) ensures unit consistency for the general source expression γO [4, 5] which involves adsorption (index a) and desorption (index d) at time t as: , exp exp exp exp)1( 0 0 tRT b RT E RT a RT E d d a ao o ∂ Θ∂ =      Θ −     −Θ− −      Θ −       − Θ−=υ υψ γ β α (2) Fig. 1 Schematic description of the problem where the oxygen surface coverage Θ is the fraction between the actual amount of segregated oxygen atoms at the metal-oxide interface and the maximum possible amount (0 ≤ Θ ≤ 1).
It is envisaged to extend the code in our future research work to consider concentration dependant properties (e.g. diffusion coefficient) and to expand the dimensionality of the code to 2D distributions.
Structure-Property Relationship of MetalCeramic Interfaces (Gordon & Breach, USA 1996) [2] E.

These mud water which not only damage the life or property but also affects the behavior of the fluid flow.
Actual sedimentation patterns and depths are extremely difficult to predict due to number of factors involved.
Analysis of sedimentation load using GA and BPNN Genetic algorithm The relationship between sedimentation load with combination of control factors (discharge and temperature) is obtained using non-linear regression analysis with the help of Date fit software as shown below.
The objective function is to minimize sedimentation load (F) or to maximize (-F) is given as: Maximize -F (2) Subjected to constraints: (3) The suffixes minimum and maximum in equation 3 shows the lowest and highest control factors settings used in this study (Table II).
Genetic algorithm (GA) is used to obtain the optimum value of the control factors that maximizes the objective function.

Every type of starch provided specific properties that suit a certain application [6].
Fewer free hydroxyl groups on fiber surface hinder their interaction with the matrix, which strongly affects their mechanical performance.
In order to improve mechanical performance, the effective wetting and uniform dispersion of each substance are the most common factors required.
Production, composition, properties and application fields.
Nanocomposites with biodegradable polymers Synthesis, Properties and Future Perspectives.

A fuzzy recognition of early crack of metal deep drawing stamping based on the fuzzy clustering yachun dai1, a, jianwei xu1,b , diankai huang1,c jingjing zhang1,d 1 School of Mechanical engineering of Jiangsu university,Zhenjiang Jiangsu china ayc726@sina.com, bjianweixu88@163.com, c962739127@qq.com, d597776074@qq.com Keywords: Deep drawing forming,Fuzzy clustering,Acoustic emission,Wavelet transform,Model identification Abstract.
Introduction Micro crack is the key factor that affecting the quality of metal deep drawing parts,it is becoming very important that how to detect early crack during deep drawing forming, adjustment of process parameters in time, control the product quality.
The transitive closure of has the following properties:(1) (transitivity); ⑵ ( inclusive); (3)if and,then ( minimality). properties above show that transitive closure is the minimum fuzzy transfer matrix which contains .

Structural and optical properties of the silica particles were investigated by FT-IR absorption spectroscopy and photoluminescence.
It is well known that nanostructure materials are expected to have improved optical properties compared with bulk materials, and the optical response depends on their particular size, shape, and local dielectric environment (1).
Using silica nanoparticles labeled with the molecule guanine, Wang et al. have created a simple and inexpensive electrochemical method that detects tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-æ) at clinically useful levels (5).
The optical properties of the prepared SiO2 nanoparticle were investigated at Figure 4.
Photoluminescence (PL) properties of the prepared SiO2 nanoparticles.

The versatile features and sophisticated characteristics of ceramics attribute to their excellent physical and mechanical properties.
The essential properties of workpiece and electrode are listed in Tables 1 and 2.
Table 1 Essential properties of copper electrode.
Comparing the essential properties of workpiece materials, the electrical resistivity of Al2O3 is higher than that of ZrO2.
Since the EDM is a thermal erosion process, the workpiece material properties such as thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity, and melting point are the prominent factors that affected the material removed efficiently in the EDM process.

In addition, one set of samples was annealed at 773 K to check whether the annealing temperature affects the process of DIR.
From selected samples, electron transparent cross sections were prepared by mechanical polishing, dimple grinding and ion-thinning.
In the opposite case of a Pd layer pre-alloyed with Ni (Fig. 3d), only the levels on the Pd-rich side are affected.
The model combines chemical and mechanical driving forces and relates the mechanical stress inside the diffusion zone to the maximum theoretical shear strength of the material.
Presumably, atomistic simulation of the early interdiffusion stages under realistic crystallographic conditions would be required to justify this quantitative factor.

,Ltd, China alhch12@163.com, bchanglijia@163.com, caiguozhou0516@126.com Key words: extra-deep soft foundation, extra-long sand well, consolidation, effect analysis Abstract: The soft base in the testing section of Jiang-zhu highwaysis 55 meters deep, and its mechanical property is not better than that of silt soil, the sand-wick drained length is one of the crucial factors for this highwaywhich influences the consolidation speed.
Due to the soft soil impermeability is very poor, pore water penetration is very slowly, when soft soil is very thick, only by using preloading method, the soft soil consolidation is very slow, making foundation soil strength increasing slow rather than fast loading, causing preloading prolonged, or within a certain period overloading is excessive and foundation will be instability, which affects construction.
The physical and mechanical index of the ground soil was shown in Tab.1.
Tab.1The physical and mechanical indexes of the ground soil soil Soil layer (m) moisture content (%) porosity ratioe (%) liqidityindex (IP) compression coefficient a1-2 (MPa-1) consolidation coefficient (×10-3cm2.s-1) Pre-consolidation pressure Pc(kPa) swelling index (cs) unconfined compression permeability coefficient (×10-9m/s) cV cH qu st Kh ①cultivated soil 0.8-1.2 — — — — — — — — — — — ②muddy soil 2.6-12.0 50.01 1.372 1.52 0.79 2.87 3.18 98.5 0.017 20.98 4.68 3.47 ③mucky silty sand 1.5-6.4 46.62 1.297 1.27 0.77 2.93 3.45 76.72 0.033 21.8 5.6 2.84 ④silt 6.8-14.5 56.68 1.585 1.33 1.11 1.14 1.399 56.83 0.059 27.125 7.15 1.25 ⑤muddy soil 9.2-15.9 49.05 1.395 1.25 0.86 1.73 3.04 81.23 0.052 — — 1.74 ⑥silty clay 3.4-4.1 19.06 0.607 0.33 0.23 2.30 3.45 — — — — — ⑦completelyweatheredgranite Reinforcement design scheme on Sand bags Wells of soft foundation The length of testing section is 0.46km(k53+200~ k53+660), the top width of the design subgrade is 26m, the biggest filling

Silicone rubber material ages due to pollution and environmental factors such as UV (ultraviolet light), rain, and temperature.
Al-Furjan et al. [11-13] used the rule of mixtures and modified Halpin-Tsai models to calculate properties, such as the effective material constant of the multi-hybrid nanocomposite layers.
Properties of the silicone rubber, the micro and nano fillers.
Nano filler does not affect the hydrophobic behavior of the silicone matrix, a highly desired property on composite materials for outdoor insulation.
Huang, Thermal behaviour and mechanical properties of novel RTV silicone rubbers using divinyl-hexa[(thrimetoxisilyl(ethyl)]-POSS as crosslinker, Polym.

Note that subscripts in Eqs. (1)-(2) indicate that the corresponding physical properties relate to the front and rear of the truck, respectively.
(4) Subscripts indicate that the corresponding properties relate to the front and rear wheelsets, respectively.
There are many ready uniform tables in reference [7].The notation of uniform table is represented by Un(qs), where n denotes the number of runs, s denotes the number of factors, and q denotes the number of levels.
As shown in Table 1, the uniform table U11(116) has 11 rows and 6 columns, which means that 11 experiments have to be carried out and 6 factors can be considered.
Since the critical hunting speed is affected by the suspension parameters, which are the control factors of the vehicle system, the optimization goals for system are to increase its robustness and to advance its critical hunting speed as high as possible by adjusting the values of suspension parameters.