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Research and Preparation of High Quality Polysilicon Ingots and Multicrystalline Silicon (mc-Si) Cells Dawei Luo1, a, junfeng Li1, b and jianping Long2, c 1College of Materials and Chemistry&Chemical Engineering, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China 2Mineral Resources Chemical Sichuan University Laboratory, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, 610059, China aluodawei2013@cdut.cn, blijunfeng@cdut.cn, clongjianping@cdut.cn Keywords: Directional solidification systems, Polycrystalline silicon, Minority carrier’s lifetime, Ingot.
(1, furnace body 2, insulation cage, 3, graphite plate 4, quartz crucible 5, silicon melt 6, heat exchange station 7, cover plate 8, graphite heater) Fig. 1 Structure schematic of polysilicon ingot furnace and structure diagram of small cover Table 1 Test parameters Experimental conditions cover d1 d2 ingot 1 Conventional H1 mm 0 mm ingot 2 Small H1 mm S1 mm ingot 3 Small H2 mm S1 mm ingot 4 Small H2 mm S1 mm In order to reduce the contamination of impurity gas on the ms-Si ingot, the cover is improved in this paper, as shown in Fig.1.

Preloaded connecting rod, 14.Guiding fin, 15.Y axial VCA Fig.1 2-DOF table structure Y axis X axis 15 12 13 14 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 2 1 3 Introduction 2-DOF positioning table(XY table), as an important position mechanism, plays a key role in IC (Integrated Circuits) packaging device, such as wire bonding and die bonding.
But some problems, such as hysteresis, finite response, finite speed and acceleration, still exist in the table mentioned above. [6-8] VCA (voice coil actuator), as a new direct-drive actuator, with significant features, such as hysteresis-free, infinite position sensitivity, high speed and high precision, is very adaptive to high-acceleration, high frequency motivation and high-precision positioning system [9]. 2-DOF Table Structure As shown in Fig.1, the 2-DOF positioning table is mainly consists of VCA, X and Y axial motion tables, flexible decoupling mechanism, linear gratings and guiding rails.
Tong: Microelectronics Packaging: Present and Future, Materials Chemistry and Physics, No.40(1995), p.147 [4] Nihal Sinnadurai: Reliability of New Packaging Concepts, Microelectronics Reliability, No.40(2000), p.1073 [5] Henry Baltes, Oliver Brand and Marc Waelti: Packaging of CMOS MEMS, Microelectronics Reliability, No.40(2000), p.1255 [6] Park H.W, Yang H.S, Park Y.P, et al: Position and Vibration Control of a Flexible Robot Manipulator Using Hybrid Controller, Robotics and Autonomous System, No.28(1999)p.31 [7] Takeo Suzuki, Tomoharu Takeshita, Ryuichiro Tominaga, et al: XY Table, US 006244192 B1 , Jun.12,2001 [8] Ryuich Kyomasu, et.al: XY Table for a Semiconductor Manufacturing Apparatus, US 2002/0180386 A1, Dec.5,2002 [9] H.W.Park, H.S.Yang, Y.P.Park et al: Position and Vibration Control of a Flexible Robot Manipulator Using Hybrid Controller, Robotics and Autonomous System, No.8(1999), p.31

Synthesis and liquefaction properties of L-alanine hydrosulfate ionic liquid Huang Jianhua1，a, Xie Honglu1，b, Zheng Linlu1，c, Wu Yanlin1, Zhu Weixuan1 1,2,3 Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Ningde normal University, Ningde 352100, China a E-mail: lanxin09030101@163.com, b E-mail: cap999@163.comk, c E-mail: 30951868@qq.com Keywords: ionic liquids, L-alanine, hydrosulfate, synthesis Abstract.
Besides, the structure of ionic liquid was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared Specctrometer (FTIR), the general properties were determined，and the liquefaction rate of ionic liquid on paper was studied.
Strongly acidic condition is helpful to destroy the structure of cellulose so as to degrade or dissolve cellulose. 100% above-mentioned ionic liquid is a strong acid.

A Combination of Mathematical Morphology and Thermal Analysis of Wear Debris Explaining Polymer Sliding Mechanisms Pieter Samyn 1, a, Alessandro Ledda2, Jan Quintelier1, Isabel Van Driessche3, Gustaaf Schoukens4, Patrick De Baets1, Wim De Waele 1, b 1 Ghent University - Department of Mechanical Construction and Production, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41, B-9000 Gent, Belgium 2 Ghent University - Department of Telecommunications and Information Technology, Sint-Pietersnieuwstraat 41, B-9000 Gent, Belgium 3 Ghent University - Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Krijgslaan 281 (S3), B-9000 Gent, Belgium 4 Ghent University - Department of Textiles, Technologiepark 907, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium a Pieter.Samyn@UGent.be, bWim.DeWaele@UGent.be Keywords: Polyimide, Wear Debris, Thermal Analysis, Morphology Abstract.
The mechanophysical and -chemical reactions at the sliding interface should be studied to understand the changes in polymer structure during sliding, as only recently done by some researchers [1, 2].
The debris morphology (Figure 2) shows small particles after sliding at 100°C (characteristic for adhesive wear), conglomerated smooth particles above 180°C (characteristic for chemical reaction in the interface) and some debris with the original sintered structure at 260°C (characteristic for overload due to brittleness).

The advantages of lightweight volcanic aggregate include its highly porous structure, high surface area, low density, and pozzolanic properties, which makes it suitable for use in lime renovation mortars as well.
LO1408 „AdMaS UP – Advanced Materials, Structures and Technologies“.
[10] H.F.W Taylor, Cement Chemistry, Thomas Telford Publishing, London, 1997, pp. 382-383.

Properties of garnet is strongly affected by crystal structure and microstructure.
This proves the ability of the sample to crystallize at lower sintering temperature as compared to that of reported by [5], where the sufficient heating treatment given to form fully garnet structure is above 1200 oC.
Materials Chemistry and Physics, 107, 274-280 (2008) [6] Nazlan, R., Hashim, M., Ibrahim, I.

Silica sol may be prepared using the sol-gel chemistry, which is a low-temperature process used to synthesize inorganic and organic materials (7).
Peláez-Vargas et al. (10) also used soft lithography to fabricate silica structures on glass with the purpose of comparing adhesion and orientation of human bone marrow cells to modified and flat surfaces and found that these cells change their morphology to adapt to fabricated patterns.
Since silica offers immense opportunities as a material to modify surfaces, DPN is a method that allows fabrication on different materials to create master models, and soft lithography provides tools to transfer structures created on any given surface to other substrates, a great opportunity has emerged to combine DPN, sol-gel technology and soft lithography to create architectures on the surface of biomaterials.

Advances Research on Preparation of Magnesium Carbonate Whisker Shen Rui1, a, Chu Gang1, b , Shen Xinpu2, c 1School of Chemistry and Material Science, Liaoning Shihua University, 113001 Fushun, China 2College of Architectural Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, 110023, Shenyang, China aruishen2007@sina.com, bchugang@126.com, cxinpushen@vip.sina.com Keywords: Magnesium carbonate whisker, Preparation, Characterization Abstract: Magnesium carbonate whisker is a single crystal of magnesium carbonate crystal, which has an integral crystal growth, and small defects, furthermore, it is colorless, transparent, and has high-intensity.
Introduction As one-dimensional functional materials, whiskers have attracted great attention because they exhibit unique structure and various excellent physical, chemical, and mechanical properties [1], it showed excellent prospects for application materials in reinforcing and toughening.
In the particular hydrothermal geological conditions, the magnesium salt may be formed special crystal structure of the type, the type of natural whiskers is very single, less reserves; the major magnesium salt whisker product is obtained by synthetic method.

., Washington, DC USA 3 William Patterson University, Chemistry & Physics Dept., Wayne, NJ USA 4 Physics Dept., University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742 USA a kajones@arl.army.mil, btzheleva@arl.army.mil, cpshah@arl.army.mil, dmderenge@arl.army.mil, e jaime.freitas@nrl.navy.mil, fGerardiG@wpunj.edu, gvispute@squid.umd.edu, h shiva@squid.umd.edu, isdar@yahoo.co.in Keywords: Aluminum, Implantation, DI Defect Abstract.
TEM micrographs of the sample implanted to 1019 cm -3 and annealed at 1400°C showing (a) dark strain fields, (b) an individual dark strain field, (c) structure inside a dark strain field, and (d) structure outside the dark strain fields.

Effect of alloy chemistry on the age Figure 4.
Figure 5 shows the TEM micrographs of the grain boundary structure of alloy C after aging at 480°C.
Figure 8 shows the grain boundary structure observed by TEM.