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Dynamic Analysis of CNC Gantry Surface Grinder by Finite Element Method Zeyu Wenga , Shaoheng Hub , Nannan Zhangc, Honggang Dingd and Hongwu Youe College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China a wengzy@mail.hz.zj.cn, bshibaiweidaa@126.com, czn5148534@126.com, ddhg@zj.com, e youhome999@163.com Keywords：Dynamic characteristics, Model simplification, Finite element analysis, Gantry surface grinder Abstract.
Through the analysis with the modal theory, it is clear that each order of the system's natural frequency dependents on the mass matrix and stiffness matrix, when the two kinds of matrix are fixed, each order of the mode damping ratio is only affected by the damping matrix.
From the whole structure layout, the column-beam-wheelhead-carriage subsystem is the main factor affecting the whole grinder's dynamic characteristic [2].
Before the mesh division of the 3D model, the proper element property must be firstly defined.
In general, the vibration of the whole grinding machine usually has not seriously affect the quality of grinding, so under the frequency of these orders, vibration mode should be neglected in the improvements.

Because of their good adhesive properties, superior mechanical, chemical and thermal properties, and resistance to fatigue and micro cracking, they produce high performance composites.
The fraction of radiative energy absorbed by the composite has been calculated via view factor computations thanks to the hemicube method [7].
For estimating the influence of IR radiation upon mechanical properties of the final composite piece, it would be important to achieve mechanical tests (DMA, 3-points bending, shear test …).

In construction, due to conditions of preparatory work of the project, it often appears that the implementation of certain reality does not match with the original design documents and the discovery of the original design errors, omissions, or other objective factors must change the original design solutions, structure, and adjust to the original contract content of the work, which resulted in engineering changes.
Any engineering changes to the project is bound to affect the normal operation of construction, and will impact the schedule, cost, quality, increasing capital investment of projects, not to mention affecting the project's investors’ earnings.
Sub-projects usually belong to different design departments, so their design drawings have conflicts, in their development of the situation, for the complexity of the building, such as structure, water, HVAC, fire and other facilities in the spatial configuration. such as: mechanical and electrical equipments lack of design space, installation space close to the structure, the pipeline overlap causes ceiling’s less or in the pipeline installation process, the original design did not take into account the equipment and pipe pier, there is in the original design elevation no installation space.
The so-called process of reasoning is to, from existing preconditions--knowledge base, which has been rigorously defined (eg. concepts, properties, relationships, and rules) draw the logical conclusion.

Due to its properties, activated carbon is widely used in various applications, such as color substance adsorbents [2], heavy metal adsorbens [3], gas adsorbent [4], catalyst support, super capasitor electrodes [5] and other functional applications.
Sample Conductivity [S/m] S2 S3 S4 S5 S6 0.0017 0.0021 0.0026 0.0029 0.8525 Based on the electrical conductivity value data in table 2, it can be seen that the carbonization temperature affects the electrical conductivity value.
Baqiya et al., Structural Study on Graphene-Based Particles Prepared from Old ,Coconut Shell by Acid–Assisted Mechanical Exfoliation, Adv.
Hameed, Factors Affecting the Carbon Yield and Adsorption Capability of The Mangosteen Peel Activated Carbon Prepared by Microwave Assisted K2CO3 Activation, Chem.

Previous study shows that the mechanical properties of the geopolymer concrete were competitive with those of OPC concrete and could provide more durable alternative to the OPC concrete in a seawater environment [6].
The reaction steps of geopolymerisation are affected by several factors, one of them is the activating solutions relating to silicate concentration (SiO2/M2O ratio), type of alkali metal cations, concentration of alkali solution (H2O/M2O ratio, where M is equal to Na and K), and water content (water/binder ratio) [12].
FTIR results of geopolymer mortar after exposed in acidic peat water The stretch band of G91, indicated there was no atmospheric carbon or leaching that affecting the change in compressive strength.

The paper focuses on how building materials affect architecture form and ultimately is reflected in our academic design and daily life, how the development of construction materials in the history and at present influences the tectonic form, and whether it is feasible to introduce the element of construction materials into architectural appraisal.
The Architectural Form Innovation Through Modern Building Materials Understanding the history of the tectonic way of corresponding material, it will be much easier for us to understand the radical changes of architectural form since the industrial revolution: human beings uses more building materials freely, the higher performance of materials achieving is the decisive factor.
To reflect the mechanical properties of materials faithfully is just the essence of tectonic culture, the wood’s characteristics of high specific strength and easy processing is obviously .Tadao Ando, another master architect designed Japan Pavilion in Seville, Spain Expo which also reflects greatly the characteristics of the wood structure - high specific strength and wood tectonic does not require a large cross-section, instead of the small cross-section components intensive stack, which not only can get the same intensity of the large cross-section, but makes the structure more stability by scatting the nodes, and the inner the mechanism of tectonic that the ancient Chinese brackets was produced.
Because the simple requirements of the construction material for recycled is not so efficient as good as people thought it would be [5] For materials, to judge energy-saving or not, we should not only pay attention to the impact of the physical properties of the building, not even a single included in the energy production process, but to consider their life-cycle energy consumption, that is, the value of recycled.
Kenneth said, CCTV building, whether from the construction of honest or in the view of logical in project, reaches the perverse extent… it is not necessarily to create a compelling image so indiscriminate and irrational in the use of the material It may be the helpless cries of the architect adhere to the ideal of tectonic when the building materials are difficult to breakthrough nowadays, however, it is no doubt that the advances in building materials will affect our architectural forms, even the content.

The large number of influence factors, such as anisotropy of units, the dimension of units, joint width, material properties of the units and mortar arrangement of bed as well as head joints and quality of workmanship, make the simulation of masonry structures extremely difficult.
The basic mechanical properties of the masonry are strongly influenced by the mechanical properties of its constituents namely brick and mortar.
The workability may be considered one of the most important properties of mortar because it influences directly the bricklayer's work [5].
It is important to mention that the quality of the workmanship can influence considerably the mechanical properties of masonry.
Mortar is generally evaluated by two properties: workability and compressive strength.

The third phase, TRL (or residual life stage), starts from the time of external visual degradation (cracks < 0.1 mm wide) until a degradation level is such that the design load factors (e.g., for ACI318 Standard, 1.2 and 1.6 for dead and live loads, respectively) equals unity, before structural collapse.
Table 3 presents the physical properties from the concrete mixtures used, mainly concrete capillary properties (effective porosity (ε), the coefficient of capillary absorption (ka), the resistance to water penetration (m)), compressive strength, and cement content.
Concrete mixture physical properties (mean average from three specimens).
Due to the different properties from both concrete mixtures, it is expected a faster carbonation for the 0.65 w/c ratio mixture, as well as a higher corrosion rate in the future when rebar start to depassivate.
So, this variable may be affecting the potentiality analysis performed (see Table 2).

The Visualization Research On Cavitation Flaw of The Jubilance Toy's Part With Different Wall Thickness Yong Li1,a, Yuxin Zhang1,b, Zhiqiang Sun1,c, Ruizhu Zhang1,d 1School of Mechanical Engineering, North China University of Water Conservancy and Electric Power, Zhengzhou in Henan,450045,China liongkm@163.com1a, zhangyuxinkm@sina.com 1b, sunzhiqiang@ncwu.edu.cn1c zhangruizhu@ncwu.edu.cn1d Keywords: Toy component; Injection molding; Plastic advisor; Cavitation flaw Abstract: The injection molding process with different wall thickness may create the obvious cavitation flaw.
The plastic material is the thermoplastic materials ABS, it has the prominent mechanical properties and the integrated performance, becomes an important engineering plastics[2],as shown in Figure1.The material’s density is 1.03-1.07g/cm3, the tensile is 30~50MPa, the bending is 41~76MPa, the tensile elastic modulus is 1587~2277MPa, the flexural elastic modulus is 1380~2690MPa, the shrinkage ratio is 0.5%.The material has good properties of heat-resistance , corrosion resistance and the bigger knockout; and the precision class for the high accuracy (3 levels of precisions), product requests outward appearance varnish, not varicolored, non-contraction patterns and so on
In the synthesis, chooses the injection mold with single parting line, the single-cavity mould, because many kinds of factor influences, for example, divides the profile to receive models in mould's formation position, gating system's design, the structure technology capability and the precision, the shape as well as promotes the method, mould's manufacture, the exhaust, the operation craft and so on, in addition is advantageous models a smooth drawing of patterns, and doesn’t affect the product the outward appearance, its single profile's position as shown in figure 3.

The Effect of Eccentricity of the Tool on the Surface Morphology of FSJ Joint Yongfang Deng Dunwen Zuo* Bo Song College of Mechanical & Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China, 210016 xyzqdeng@163.com Keywords: FSJ surface morphology eccentricity arc line Abstract.
Yongfang Deng [11] studies the effect of pin in formation arc lines structure in the joining process and believes that action of eccentric extrusion by the shoulder is the main factor to formation arc lines structure.
In order to investigate the eccentricity of tool for FSJ processing affect the surface topography of joint, the following tests were carried out: the joining were performed under position control by moving the tool at 300mm/min feed speed and 800rpm rotational speed.
Recent advances in friction-stir welding – Process, weldment structure and properties [J].
Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Banded Textures of Friction Stir Welded 7075-T6 Aluminum Alloy [J].