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Online since: July 2014
Authors: Hao Feng Xu, Zhi Xiang Zha, Wen Jun Wang
Organization of the Text One-dimensional consolidation equation due to dissipation of pore air pressure Hypotheses are following: (1) only air can flow through the pore and the infiltration of pore water can be neglected; (2) pore air is perfect gas, and it is isothermal process; (3) both pore water and pore air would not transform to each other; (4) the deformation is small and the soil skeleton is linear elastic; (5) both soil grain and pore water are uncompressible; (6) soil is homogeneous, and the coefficient of compressibility and the coefficient of infiltration of pore air are constant.
Supposing the space step length is Δz, the time step length is Δt, the number of time node is i (i=0,1,2,…), the number of space node is j (j=0,1,2,…,n), the equation can be transferred as (8) Where, Δz=2H/n.
Online since: April 2016
Authors: Rui Ying He, Chang Ping Wei, Guo Dong Wang, Jing San
Nb5+ ions substitute Sn4+ ions release electrons greatly improve the electrical properties of SnO2 thin films, Nb oxide lighter in color, a feature that can improve the visible light transmittance of the film[8]. 2005 Jun Feng-yan et al[9] use sol - gel technology, indirect gelling SnO2 thin films were prepared by the legal system, to optimize the sample parameters, and the samples were characterized. 2013 Li Ming-chao[10] prepared grain distribution of Sb / SnO2 transparent conductive film, and the surface morphology was studied. 2013 Brion Bob et al[11] prepared a particle size of SnO2 film 2 ~ 4nm, and good optical properties of the film can be used in solar cells and so on. 2014 Duan Xin et al[3] antimony-doped tin oxide powders, prepared under different conditions the powder structure and morphology were analyzed.
Period occurs in the low wave number between 600~700cm-1 a strong absorption band, is Nb-O stretching vibration region, Nb-O stretching vibration region is also this interval, the band changed after the first sharp smooth by Figure 4 can be seen Nb5+ doping amount exceeds 8%, the absorption increased significantly, we can see an increase in the crystal lattice distortion.
Because Nb5+ instead of Sn4+ into the lattice of metal ions occupy the lattice, in order to maintain overall electrical neutrality, we need to enter a greater number of Nb5+, releasing more electrons, bound by the role of these electrons is very small, to move freely in the crystal to improve the conductivity of the film.
Online since: June 2013
Authors: Feng Tian, Lin Chao Ma, Chao Hua Su
However, higher temperature promoted the decomposition of the cross-linking agent, generated large number of acetophenone and increased seed charge for electrical breakdown. in addition,excessively high temperature generated dense three dimensional grid due to over excessively high cross-linking degree. [5]That had a greater impact on the growth of crystals, decreased uniformity of the crystal, increased the number of small grains and enhanced the length of mean free path of electrons,which made the breakdown more easy.
Online since: December 2011
Authors: Hong Bo Shao, Gang Xu, Jun Na Sun, Li Ye Chu
The raw materials used to produced biochar mainly include wood chip and wood pellets, tree bark, crop residues (including straw, nut shells and rice hulls), switch grass, organic wastes including distillers grain, bagasse from the sugarcane industry and olive waste, chicken litter, dairy manure, sewage sludge and paper sludge [3].
Cu2+, Zn2+, Pb2+, Hg2+ and NO3-) and a number of polar or non-polar substances such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), dioxins, and furans (PCDD/Fs).
There are number of studies show that the incorporation of biochar in soils influences soil structure, texture, porosity, particle size distribution and density.
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Dong Wei Shu, Iram Raza Ahmad
Numbers in brackets indicate the number of tests conducted for each strain rate.
The Microstructure Features and the Deformation Mechanism of a Fine Grained Magnesium Alloy under Dynamic Loading.
Online since: January 2012
Authors: Jia Bin Cai, Tao Ding, Liu Yang
High temperature, as mentioned above, induces degradation of hemicelluloses in the wood and consequently reduces the number of free hydroxyl groups.
Aknowledgements This study was supported by 948 project titled “import of key technology on densification and heat treatment of fast wood” (number: 2011-4-12) and the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions.
The influence of hygrothermal treatment on compression of beech perpendicular to the grain.
Online since: March 2004
Authors: Qiu Sheng Yan, Zi Qiang Zhang
The Principle of Abrasive Air Jet Micromachining In Abrasive Air Jet Micromachining (AAJM) process, nozzle of sand blasting is reduced to submillimeters, and active range of abrasive air jet stream is controlled and focused, micromachining is carried out by abrasives erosion on to the local range of workpiece surface at high velocities and Journal Title and Volume Number (to be inserted by the publisher) 649 high density.
The abrasives are Al2O3, SiC whose grain size are 3~40 µm, abrasive flow rate is below 70 g/min and non-recirculating.
Journal Title and Volume Number (to be inserted by the publisher) 651 Studies on the Process of AAJM.
Online since: December 2014
Authors: Xiao Dong Chen, Xue Hong Liao, Cong Sen Wang
In recent years, China's southeast coastal areas , especially a lot of water has been polluted to varying degrees of organic poisons , and even detected a large number of toxic organic pollutants in some drinking water sources .
The chemical formula of metal vanadates compounds as AxVyOz (A is the alkaline metal or transition metal), which is a kind of scheelite type structure ABO4 wolframite / material, because of its unique structure and physical and chemical properties, has a luminous materials, ferroelectric, piezoelectric, widely uses in order to attract a large number of 'eyes.
And also by sonochemical method of monoclinic BiVO4 grains were prepared, and the band gap is 2.45 eV, can produce the hole electron excited under visible light, within 30 min of methyl orange solution degradation rate can reach above 90%.Preparation of BiVO4 activity compared with the methods of solid samples and prepared by TiO2 (P2O5) activity were high.
Online since: April 2008
Authors: Jian Hua Wu, Ying Jin, Zheng Qiang Yao, Yong Jun Shi, Hong Shen
All the three mechanisms are determined by the temperature field which is influenced by geometry of workpiece, laser spot diameter, scanning velocity, scanning number and path, etc.
A large number of research works on macro workpieces have been carried out.
Size effect and MSG theory As laser bending sheet size becomes small to a microscale, the material behaviour in micrometal forming differs from that in conventional forming because of different factors, such as the grain size.
Online since: February 2006
Authors: Didier Priem, Surendar Marya, Guillaume Racineux
The magnetic pressure, created by the inductive current pulses or oscillations can be approximated as: ( ) 2 2 2 2 0 2 sin 2 Rt L K n U C t e P LI µ ω   −    = (1) where µ0 is the magnetic permeability (in H/m), K is a coefficient depending upon the physical dimensions of the coil, n is the number of windings of the coil, ω is the LC oscillation frequency, R is the total resistance of the discharge circuit (in Ω) and t is the time (in s).
From the peripheral elongation with different discharge energy diagrams at varying static pressures, it is explicit that at about 10KJ, the initial static would not have any effect on overall elongations. 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Ps=0 MPa Ps=20 MPa Ps=40 MPa Ps=60 MPa Peripheral elongation (%) Energie (kJ) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 5 % 10 % 15 % 20 % 25 % Energie (kJ) Ps (MPa) Fig. 7 - (a) Peripheral elongation versus discharge energy for different static pressures, (b) constant elongation curves in Pressure-Energy diagram The metallographic structure of grains is not significant except near the sharp change of curvature of the tube (point 2) in the expansion region (Fig. 8.a).
a. b. 100 120 140 160 180 200 220 240 1 1,2 1,4 1,6 1,8 2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Hv Post forming thickness (mm) Initial thickness (mm) Hv Initial Thickness (mm) Point number Fig. 8 - (a) Optical micrographs of deformed tube (Ps = 40MPa and E = 8kJ), (b) Hardness and post forming thickness Conclusions From this short technical presentation of high speed forming work under progress, some of the main features may be described.
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