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The formula for fitting the experimentally obtained data from the fatigue test used in this paper is based on empirically derived S–N diagrams known as Wöhler curves: S=a×Nb, (1) where a, b – the material constants characterizing the S–N curve.
The correction of the fatigue strengths to the selected corresponding age of the specimens turns out to be very important since the smallest calculated correction was 80 % for a reduction of 84 days (for specimens of reference composite without fibers).
The largest correction is represented by a value of 68 % corresponding to a reduction in age by 149 days (for composite with the dosage of 0.5 % of steel fibers).
In these figures, measured data are plotted for a standardized specimen age of 28 days; filled marks indicate a successful fatigue test, and unfilled marks indicate unbroken specimens.
Byon, A Review of Carbon Footprint Reduction in Construction Industry, from Design to Operation, Materials. 14 (2021) 6094

For the commercial application of the SOFC technology, there are some importance requirements on the cost reduction, performance enhancement, and long-term stability.
The criteria of the accuracy between the experimental data and the simulating result which combines the five variables is defined by that the value of the Gaussian Distribution of Activation Energy Accuracy (GDAE accuracy) is set at 2.
The fitting lines are well consistent with the measured data, and the fitting parameters of the EIS analysis of the cell under different operation times and temperatures are plotted in Fig. 7.
Some studies have observed the cathodic polarization loss and indicate that this effect is attributed to the change of the three phase boundary (TPB) and / or the microstructure, the remove of the surface passive layer associated with the segregated phase of the Sr and / or La species on the surface of LSM, the partial reduction of the cathode, and the formation of the oxygen vacancies [33-36].
That is inconsistent with the literatures that propose that the electrode polarization is mainly attributed to the reduction reaction of the oxygen in the cathode due to the poor activity of the catalyst.

Mainly local databases, historical or statistical data are referred to.
Strategical control may include investment planning, maintenance plan, outsourcing, and demonstration of sustainability and reduction of impact on the Environment, increase of capacity and functional output of equipment.
Punctuality of input data plays important role.
Among main barriers preventing wider or bigger LCC application belong: · Unavailability of reliable and adequate input data, either cost or time ones
· Bad data quality from suppliers and insufficient complex data on technical parameters in operation phase

All of them are aimed at working process optimization based on navigation data, regardless of the purpose of the system in general.
Thus, for transportation management systems navigation data are used to determine vehicle arrival time taking into account distances and road graph.
Navigation data about vehicle location not only serve as an additional selection factor but also as a supplement to other factors.
All criteria are accompanied by navigation data on vehicle locations.
The problem of optimization of the process of transmission of navigation data from moving objects to global network, Bulletin of the Tomsk Polytechnic University. 7, 2004.

From the slope of linear fitting in Fig. 3 (data for strains 2 and 4 are from [10]) for strain 5.5, the activation energy at the end of recovery (Q0) can be estimated as 131 kJ/mol, which is also very close to the activation energy found in [5] for strains 2 and 4.
These activation energies are slightly different from those published in [10] for the same aluminum as less data points for 140°C and 160°C and more data points for 220°C have been included in the present analysis.
Data points for annealing at 220°C for 408 hours and longer are not included in the current calculation.
Data for strains 2 and 4 are from [10].
Data points at 220°C are not included in the linear fitting.

I-V data for a sample annealed at 1000°C and 1100°C.
The RBS data showing out-diffusion of Si and C provide a possible explanation for the increase in both Si and C and a reduction in the P and Ni content in the film as seen in the EDX data.
After further annealing at 1100°C for 5 minutes at a pressure of approximately 2 ´ 10-7 Torr, the I-V data showed ohmic characteristics.
Table 2 shows the resistance values calculated from TLM data according to the equation: where RT is the total resistance between the contact pads, ρc is the specific contact resistivity, RS is the sheet resistance, L is the spacing between the contacts, and W is the width of each contact.
Preliminary data on a lightly doped 4H-SiC epilayer show that reasonably low contact resistivity of about 4.8 ´ 10 -6 Ωcm2 can be obtained using electroless nickel plating.

The main theoretical basis of threshold denoising is as follow:wavelet transform,especially orthogonal wavelet,has strong ability in removing data correlation and can make wavelet coefficients reflect the energy of signal in wavelet domain[8];the energy of the noise is distributed in the whole wavelet domain,by wavelet decomposition ,wavelet coefficient amplitude of signal can compare with that of the noise .So the method of threshold denoising can keep the signal components and inhibit most noise components.
An important application of wavelet analysis is the noise reduction of one-dimensional signal,and its principle is as follows: The model of one-dimensional signal containing noise can be expressed as the following form: s(i) =f(i)+e(i) i=0，…，n-1 f(i) is the useful signal,e(i) is the noise and s(i) is the signal containing noise.
The data in the test are collected by the data acquisition card,and sampling frequency of the data is 3500HZ.
We decompose the wavelet packet into 4 layers and extract wavelet packet coeffients of every node after many experiments.And we select wavelet function sym8 at last by analysing experimental results.Data points are reduced by half along with the increase of decomposition in the process of wavelet packet decomposition;if the oringinal data length is 2N and decomposes L times，the length of each frequency band result becomes 2N-L .

(4) Read and process corrosion monitoring data after continuously detecting for about 8 hours
Corrosion rate value which is obtained after ​​corrosion rate curve stabilized can be read out by Microcor tool data processing software.
The corrosive condition curve drawled according to records of monitoring data is shown in Figure 4.
(2) Compared with corrosion data obtained by traditional coupon method, Microcor corrosion monitor has better stability.
In the corrosion monitoring system, combination of two or more monitoring systems is often used to provide a broader basis for collecting the corrosion rate data.

The study demonstrates a significant reduction, 90 percent, in the usage of wood as a fuel source for drying the mold.
Methodology The following procedures were taken to create an efficient heat recovery system: a) Data gathering b) Analytical calculations c) Development of CFD model d) Validation of CFD result Data Gathering The data given in Table 1 was acquired from the shop's management.
Table 1: Data gathered from the shop.
Items Quantity weight of consumed metal scrap (each batch's) 150 [kg] Fuel consumption for furnace 55 [liters] / batch Wood consumed for drying of mold 50 [kg] Hours of operation (per day) 4 Mass of moist sand mold (to be dried) 12.5 [kg/h] The data in Tables 2 and 3 were collected using k-type thermocouples, an infrared thermometer, and an anemometer.
Temperature of flue gas at the hood[0C] Temperature of flue gas at Middle of chimney [0C] Temperature of flue gas at the outlet of the chimney[0C] 1 302.00 210.00 131.00 2 334.00 207.00 122.00 3 208.00 182.00 139.00 4 238.00 201.00 146.00 5 205.00 153.00 138.00 6 192.00 163.00 143.00 7 205.00 169.00 140.00 Table 3: Average values of measured data.

For a piece of equipment in service, this can be done by a periodical review of the performances based on field failure data (e.g., see [2] and [3]).
The time data have been rescaled and both the user and manufacturer are not disclosed here for the confidentiality reason.
We have carried out a “data cleaning” to reduce the inconsistency in failure descriptions.
This requires operational and maintenance-related data (both failed and normal) and needs data analysis tools (e.g., root cause analysis).
l To periodically analyze the collected data so as to generate and implement effective corrective actions.