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Controlled Interphase in Carbon Fiber/Epoxy Composites by Molecular Self-assembly Method J.M.HE1,a Y.D.HUANG 2,b 1,2 Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology, P.O.Box 410, Harbin 150001, People's Republic of China a E-mail:hejinmei@hit.edu.cn bE-mail:huangyd@hit.edu.cn Key words: carbon fiber, epoxy, interface, self-assembly, thiols, composites Abstract In this paper, a new method based on molecular self-assembly on carbon fiber surface was proposed for the improvement of interfacial properties between fiber and epoxy matrix in a composite system.
The composition, structure and the morphology of the modified carbon fiber surface were examined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and atomic force microscope (AFM), respectively.
The composition, structure and the morphology of these organic molecules adsorbed onto carbon fibers were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) and atomic force microscope (AFM), respectively.
Although their effects are obviously different, it appears that we can find certain relationship between the interfacial structures and properties.
The performance of a composite system is dependent, to a great extent, on the structure of the interfacial region.

A bearing with low coefficient of friction is necessary to decrease the heat of friction, and an FGM structure is also promising to decrease the stress.
A functionally graded structure is promising to avoid the thermal stress.
Lubricant Crystal Structure Density [g·cm-3] Coefficient of Friction Melting Point or Subl.
Then the FGM structure is important between the composite and a back metal for practical use of the composite.
Then the FGM structure is important between the composite and a back metal for practical use of the composite under high load and high speed.

TiO2 has high photosensitivity, high structure, stability under solar irradiation and in solution, and low cost.
An amorphous structure without any crack was successfully formed without damaging the polymer structure [14].
A compact columnar structure was observed with similar morphology to other plasma coating methods [26, 14].
Further, the analysis will be conducted on the TiO2 crystalline structure and coating mechanism of the microwave plasma method.
Nomura, Continuous synthesis of magnesium-hydroxide, zinc-oxide, and silver nanoparticles by microwave plasma in water, Materials Chemistry and Physics. 131 (2011) 425–430

Preparation of Silver Nanoparticles/Graphene Composite Films by Dip-Coating Method and Their Surface-enhanced Raman Scattering Property Nan Zhao1,a, Shuangbiao Ma1,b, Qianqian Yan2,c, Yazhou Zhou1,d, Xiaoqi Fu3,e, Xiaonong Cheng1,f and Juan Yang1,g 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China 2Jingjiang College of Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu road, Zhenjiang 212013, China 3School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China aconan-0203@163.com, bmauangbiao211@qq.com, c924677207@qq.com, dzhouyazhou88@sina.com, exfu@ujs.edu.cn, fxncheng@ujs.edu.cn, gyj_6347@sina.com (corresponding author) Keywords: Ag nanoparticles; Graphene; Dip-coating method; Surface-enhanced Raman scattering Abstract.
The structure and SERS activity of the obtained films have been investigated in detail.
The crystal structure of products was characterized by a Rigaku D/Max 2500 powder X-ray diffractometer (XRD) with Cu Ka radiation (λ= 1.5406 Å).
The broad peak with relatively weak intensity might caused by the nearly amorphous structure because of the tiny thickness.
In Fig. 3(c), apart from the amorphous structure of GE, there is only one major diffraction peak which is corresponding to (111) reflection of a face-centered cubic (fcc) silver crystal structure (JCPDS card No. 04-0783), indicating the successful introduction of Ag on the Ag NPs/GE (Ag) composite film.

The Effect of High Gravity Field on the Hydrothermal Preparation of the Nanostructured Materials Wenjun Lia ,Tang Zhou b ,Liuliu Dingc and Lu Fangd Department of chemistry, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China awjli@tongji.edu.cn, b tangxiaot@yahoo.cn,cdingliuliu1988@126.com, dfangluhuangshan@126.com Keywords: Hydrothermal, Gravity field, ZnS, CdS/CdCO3, MnCO3.
The morphology of CdS/CdCO3 samples obtained at 100℃ for 0.5h was the flower-like structure, while the as-prepared samples at 120℃ for 0.5h were the nano-ceramic microspheres in shape.
It is generally believed that the building and patterning of inorganic nanoparticles into 2D and 3D organized structures by manipulation of individual units is a potential route to utilizing their chemical, optical, catalytic, magnetic and electronic properties [1-3].
The strong gravitational field, which is generated by centrifugal force, has direct effects on the atomic scale, which has been used as centrifugal force casting of ceramics [14], separation of isotopes [15] and formation of new materials with atomic-scale graded structure [16].
Each polycrystalline thin film shows two kinds of different surface structure, of which one surface shows a polyhedral crystal face, another one being self-assembly of nanoparticles and of poor crystallinity.

The supramolecular structure of brittle fractures of the starting PTFE and composites with CF was investigated.
Formation of the spherulite structure of the composite at introduction of CF promotes an increase in the wear resistance of the PTFE composites in comparison with the starting polymer.
Supramolecular structure of PCM: a) PTFE; b) PTFE + CF (simple mixing); c) PTFE + CF (activation) Analysis of the surface structure before and after friction of PCM (Figure 5), obtained using the technology of joint mechanoactivation of the polymer with UVIS-AK-P, reveals that UVIS-AK-P particles take an active part in the friction process with the formation of a tribo-stable structure.
S., Study of the structure of powders obtained by mechanical activation of carbon fibers, Vestnik Voronezh state technical University. 9 Issues 6-1 (2013) 92-94
S., Physical and mechanical bases of filling of polymers, M.: Chemistry, S. 1991

Such an optimized structure could be the starting point for the achievement of new MEMS devices operating in harsh environment or for medical applications benefiting of the 3CSiC biocompatibility. 1.
Actually, cantilevers can be directly targeted structures [10,15], but are also perfect objects to explore mechanical properties through their static and dynamic performances.
Then, a compromise was identified between the ion energy which classically leads to an anisotropic etching and the ion density which governs the chemistry then results to sloped sidewall profiles.
(a) Scanning Electron Microscopy image of a sunlike cantilever structures and (b) their dynamic characterization measured by laser Doppler vibrometry.
To do that, we performed the following sequence, using a sandwich silicon film: · Growth stage 1: formation of the Si/3C-SiC heterostructure on the Si substrate · Technological stage 1: formation of silicon islands · Growth stage 2: 3C-SiC regrowth on the silicon islands · Technological stage 2: membrane formation Using this experimental procedure on a thick 3CSiC bottom epilayer, the silicon substrate could be entirely etched, resulting in a 100% 3C-SiC structure, which could be the starting point for the achievement of MEMS devices involved in medical or harsh environment applications.

Environmental Damage Behavior of 2A12 Aluminum Alloy under Coupling Action of Marine Atmospheric Environment and Tensile-Compressive Load LUO Laizheng1,2,3,4,a*, WANG Jinmei2,3,b, FU Zhaoxu2,4,c, LI Xiaofeng5,d, WANG Jiankun2,3,e 1College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China 2Southwest Technology and Engineering Research Institute, Chongqing 400039, China 3CSGC Key Laboratory of Ammunition Storage Environmental Effects 4Wanning Hainan, Materials Corrosion in Atmospheric Environment, National Observation & Research Station 5Chongqing College of Electronic Engineering, Chongqing 401331, China a20071802048@cqu.edu.cn,280924035@qq.com, bwjm059@163.com, c94424047@qq.com, d978399824@qq.com, e810343528@qq.com Keywords: coupling action; 2A12 aluminum alloy; marine atmospheric environment; tensile-compressive fatigue load; environmental damage behavior Abstract.
The coupling test results are closer to the actual situation of equipment, which has important reference value for the design and material selection of bearing structure.
As a typical representative of Al-Cu-Mg series, 2A12 aluminum alloy has the characteristics of high strength, good toughness, and can be heat treated, strengthened or deformed, which is often used to manufacture aircraft bearing structures. 2A12 aluminum alloy bears alternating load for a long time in natural environment service, which requires high fatigue resistance of structural materials.
It was known from Fig. 5(a) that the original metallographic structure of 2A12 aluminum alloy was Al alloy matrix and strengthening phase particles, the larger particles were the undissolved alloy phase particles, the finer alloy phase particles precipitated were dispersed and crystallized, and the grains were fine and uniform.
Corrosion fatigue of structures with dimple holes under spectrum loading[J].

The morphology and crystal pattern of some prepared catalysts were characterized by XRD and SEM techniques which demonstrated that the prepared catalysts were of hexagonal wurtzite structure.
SEM (Tecnai G2F20, PHILIPS, Netherlands) and XRD (D/MAX2500, Rigaku, Japan) equipments are utilized to characterize the morphology and crystal structure of as-prepared ZnO and Ag dropped ZnO.
They show the crystal structures of the dropped oxides as primitive wurtizite hexagonal structure with crystal constants a and b as 3.250 Å and c as 5.207 Å.
Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry. 216 (2010) 149-155

The simulation results were shown that, at the same aeration rate, the liquid and gas velocities of 1mm hole aerated at the membrane surface increased faster than 2 mm and 3mm aeration holes; At the same aeration hole , with the increase of aeration rate，the liquid and gas velocities at the membrane surface increased; At the 1mm aeration hole and 5.5m3/h aeration rate, the vortex area was larger and gas holdup was higher, so that gas and liquid were contacting well and the membrane surface scouring effect was better; The Simulation also shown that local gas holdup was lower at close to the wall at the bottom of the reactor, this was not conducive to the growth of microorganisms in the activated sludge, the need to further optimize the structure of aeration and reactor.
In this paper, pilot-scale submerged membrane bioreactor experimental device as the basis, in accordance with the 1:1 full size of the actual reactor structure and size, from the inside out for three-dimensional modeling, geometric model shown in Figure 1.
From Figure 8, we can also observe that both sides of the wall near the bottom of the reactor gas holdup values appear low or even zero area, indicates that the regional distribution of bubbles less, as the anoxic zone, which is not conducive to the activated sludge microbial growth, the need to further optimize the structure of the reactor, aeration structure to improve the distribution of gas holdup.
Chemistry and Bioengineering, 25(2008)1-4