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Introduction The inclusion of corrosion inhibitors in barrier coatings is critical to improve corrosion protection performance, especially when the coatings are breached by either mechanical damage (e.g.
The effect of inhibitors on corrosion performance was found to be affected by both concentration of inhibitor within the coating matrix and by the inhibitor's chemical structure.
Coatings with the added BTAPSA do not appear to improve their corrosion protection properties with increased inhibitor concentration.
Raising the loading factor of BTAPSA results in a sharp decrease of the Rcorr value and increases Cdl.
Even at high loading, the incorporation of inhibitors in ionizable form doesn't adversely affect the coating stability.

For the economical efficiency and safety margin of a nuclear power plant, however, fuel cladding materials should have a better resistance to high-temperature corrosion, a higher resistance to an irradiation dimensional variation (creep and growth) and a better mechanical strength.
The microstructure and the chemistry of the Nb-contained Zr alloys are known to affect sensitively their in-reactor behavior.
Jeong et al. insisted that the equilibrium Nb concentration below the solubility limit in the α matrix would be a more dominant factor in the enhancement of the corrosion resistance than the β phases (β-Nb or β-Zr), the supersaturated Nb, the precipitates and the internal microstructure such as the twin, dislocation and plate [10,11,12].
In the case of a 640 o C annealing for the β-quenched, the changing trend of the tetragonal ZrO2 fraction with the annealing time agreed well with the corrosion properties.
So, the corrosion resistance of the alloys would be affected by the tetragonal ZrO2 fraction in the oxide.

So, the paste boriding process improves the mechanical properties, such as hardness, wear, abrasion and corrosion resistance of different kinds of steel components [1-5].
Equation Reference 1/2 2/3 p C 3/2 g E P K k (I) l H c               [8] 2/5 1/2 C 1/2 K Hg 0.048 (II) Hl E l              [9] Kc = fracture toughness, E = Young modulus , H = microhardness , P = applied load, g = microcrack length, l = half diagonal length of the microindentation,  = constraint factor ≈ 3 , 0.015 p k  , c = total crack length The Vickers indentation fracture models proposed in this work are based on the assumption that there are no pre-existing surface stresses.
Another important feature that may affect the accuracy of indentation toughness determination seems to be related to the definition of hardness used in both models.
Nevertheless, the presence of thermal residual stresses produced by the boride growth affect the length crack generated at the corners of the indentation.

Introduction The rising threat of antibacterial resistance worldwide poses a significant public health crisis, affecting the rate of morbidity and mortality related to bacterial infections [1].
Comparatively, common antibiotic Erythromycin (sample A) exhibit 16.45 mm inhibition zone while pure PVA (sample B) did not exhibit any antimicrobial properties.
However, Photodynamic therapy (PDT) efficacy depends on three main factors: light, photosensitiser agent, and oxygen [45].
Niza Mohamad, Studies on properties and adsorption ability of bilayer chitosan/PVA/PVDF electrospun nanofibrous, Desalination and Water Treatment 206 (2020) 177-188
Yan, Antimicrobial Properties of Chitosan and Chitosan Derivatives in the Treatment of Enteric Infections, Molecules 26(23) (2021)

Tread hardness or softness at low temperatures is the major factor in determining ice traction properties.
The tested rubber compounds indicated that curing characteristics with different blend system affected the strength performance.
Optimum cure = ( tmax- tmin)0.90 + tmin (1) tmax: Maximum temperature tmin: Minimum temperature Mechanical properties.
Strong interaction of aromatic oil with rubber were achieved as aromatic oil has high C-H content and its physical and chemical properties of PAHs are determined by their conjugated p-electron systems.
Due to better performance obtained from various testing performed, it revealed that EO and AO have their own strength properties.

Thus, the phenomenon should be a result from change of dielectric properties in the present of surimi.
Moreover, documents about dielectric properties of silver carp surimi are available.
A further objective is to investigate the dielectric properties of adding silver carp surimi on wheat flour dough.
Eliasson [16,18] had reported that proteins influence the starch gelatinization by means of affecting the water transition in starch.
This phenomenon may be resulted from change of dielectric properties with adding surimi.

The results show that the migration of sand with wind blow can be well simulated using SPH method and the embankment height is an important factor for controlling sand cover disaster of desert highway.
The construction and maintenance of desert highway is influenced by many natural factors seriously, the sand cover is the most important factor that affect the use of desert highway [3].
There are two main factors that cause sand disaster: the first is the sand cover caused by the wind-blown-sand flow; the second is the sand cover causing by the dune migration [5] .
The whole flow field is discretized as a series of `particle`, these particles can act as interposition points with material property and also can move acted by the external and internal force as well, and it is also the internal function.
Besides, the velocity of wind has a great impact on the sand cover phenomenon, and the higher the former, the more serious the latter. 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 t =0s t =5. 5s t =11s t =22s time number of sand par t i cl e 0- 2m 2- 3m 3- 7m 7- 8m 8- 9m (a) Beginning velocity of wind is 1.0m/s (b) 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 t =0s t =5. 5s t =11s t =22s time number of sand par t i cl e 0- 2m 2- 3m 3- 7m 7- 8m 8- 9m (c) Beginning velocity of wind is 3.0m/s Fig.4 The result of numerical imitates There are also many factors that can cause the highway sand cover disaster, the influence of wind blow has been considered in the research.

However, in the case of PbTiO3 seeds, remanent polarizations (2Pr) were about 10 µC/cm2, this means that it needs higher process temperature to obtain a good electrical properties for PbTiO3 seeds.
These suggest that SrTiO3 is expected to be a good seed layer for PZT with better electrical properties.
The effects of source supply method between MOCVDs of PZT films on the crystallization and electrical properties of PZT films are also investigated.
The electrical properties were measured by preparing 100µm diameter Pt top electrodes with 30nm thickness on the PZT films at room temperature.
Results and Discussion In this experiment, in order to investigate the effect of ferroelectric properties of PZT thin films grown on SrTiO3 seeds, SrTiO3 seeds were prepared at various deposition temperatures from 400 to 600 o C.

Introduction The surface properties of machine parts and tools, such as strength, hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, can be improved by chemical heat treatments which have been researching actively in recent years.
The Cr-Ti coating is a kind of diffusion alloying methods by which surface properties of metal, such as strength, hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance, are strengthen [5,6].
The surface properties of Cr-Ti coating depend mainly on the structure of compound layer outside the costing.
The major factor that influences atom-diffusing ability is diffusing temperature here.
Chromizing-Titanizing Layer and Its Wear Behavior, China Surface Engineering, Vol.19(2006),p.19 [6] ZHANG Jian-Bin and LI Shi-yan, Microstructure and Properties of B-RE-Cr Coboronising Layer for Steel 45, Microstructure and Properties of B-RE-Cr Coboronising Layer for Steel 45, Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, Vol.24(2004),p.78 [7] RUAN Xia, XI Hui-zhi and XU Zhe, The study of Cr-Ti-Ce and Al-Ti-Ce penetration to 4Cr_(10)Si_2Mo valve steel, Applied Science and Technology,Vol.33(2006),p.25

It is not only reduces the production capacity and mechanical properties of alloy castings, but limits the shape design.
These studies proposed four factors of reezing range, i.e., alloying elements, the distribution and amount of eutectic phases and solidification rate, to dominate the nucleate and grow of hot tearing.
In addition, casting parameters such as mold preheat temperature, pouring temperature and cooling rate are also important parameters directly or indirectly affecting the hot tearing susceptibility of an alloy.
As one of the most widely used casting AZ series alloy, AZ91 alloy shows an excellent combination of castability, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties.
Katgerman, Mechanical properties in the semi-solid state and hot tearing of aluminum alloys, Progress in Materials Science. 49 (2004) 629-711