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Its statistical parameters can be calculated by measured load data in the past service period, and it also can be calculated by design load when the measured data is not enough.
But the resistance reduction is considered according to various paths with time.
Its parameters can be comprehensively analyzed and determined by structure actual circumstance, measured statistical data and engineering experience.

Table 2 Data of RSM Number A B C P/% 1 -1 -1 0 92.40 2 1 -1 0 93.57 3 -1 1 0 93.89 4 1 1 0 94.68 5 -1 0 -1 80.98 6 1 0 -1 81.67 7 -1 0 1 96.03 8 1 0 1 96.51 9 0 -1 -1 79.46 10 0 1 -1 84.26 11 0 -1 1 95.65 12 0 1 1 96.28 13 0 0 0 94.82 14 0 0 0 94.79 15 0 0 0 94.58 16 0 0 0 94.85 17 0 0 0 95.68 Analysis of variance Analysis of variance was carried out by Design expert and the results showed that the p values of adsorption time (B), adsorbent quantity (C), the interaction of B and C,quadratic term of adsorbent quantity (C2)were all less than 0.01, which showed that the modified brewer's grains had most important influence on Cr(VI) adsorption; the p value of pH value (A) and quadratic term of pH value (A2)were less than 0.05 and more than 0.01, which had significant influence on Cr(VI) adsorption.
Table 3 Analyze of mean square Sourc of Squares Sum of Square Degree of freedom Mean Square F Value Prob > F Model 567.92 9 63.10 205.06 < 0.0001 A 1.22 1 1.22 3.98 0.0863 B 8.06 1 8.06 26.19 0.0014 C 421.95 1 421.95 1371.21 < 0.0001 A2 2.13 1 2.13 6.94 0.0337 B2 1.50 1 1.50 4.88 0.0630 C2 124.35 1 124.35 404.11 < 0.0001 AB 0.036 1 0.036 0.12 0.7420 AC 0.011 1 0.011 0.036 0.8552 BC 4.35 1 4.35 14.13 0.0071 Residual 2.15 7 0.31 Lack of Fit 1.43 3 0.48 2.64 0.1855 Pure Error 0.72 4 0.18 Cor Total 570.07 16 A fitting model To fit the response surface test data, to obtain the coding variable regression equation of two order polynomial( The eq. 2).
The p vale of the model was less than 0.0001 (very significant), the lack of fit value was of 0.1855 (not significant), which showed that the model fit the RSM data significantly, the equation was of the good mathematic model fit the Cr(VI) adsorption by brewer's grains and adsorption parameters.
[2] G.Qin,M.J.Mcguire,N.K.Blute,et al.Hexavalent chromium removal by reduction with ferrous sulfate,coagulation,and filtration:A pilotscale study.Environ.Sci.Technol.,2005,39(16): 6321-6327

An experimental plan is developed to gather information/data to find answer for issues regarding ways to improve the quality of certain combination or to find which factor should be controlled to have a robust process.
Create parameters using DOE table Dice wafer into samples Surface characterization using AFM(3 Point) Clean samples using Acetone solution Analysis the experiment results Clean sample using Piranha solution Deposit 3 layers of Aluminium using PVD Surface characterization using AFM(1 Point) Etching process using ICP-RIE Fig. 1 : Methodology overview Results and Discussions The mean grain size is directly related to the nucleation point density and its evaluation is important in obtaining data on nucleation mechanism of a new crystalline phase.
The grain boundaries of the silicon dioxide were imaged using the silicon ridges, which enables unambiguous and statistically relevant data on the grain size.
Durmaz, Variation reduction by the use of designed experiments, Quality Engineering 5 (4) (1993) 611–618

Statistical analysis of the obtained quantitative data was carried out by using Student’s t-test.
According to the data, the activity of polyphenol oxidasedepends nonlinear on the concentration of MWCNTs in growth medium, and reaches a maximum at 10 mg/l content of MWCNTs.
Reduction in the activity of peroxidase enzyme with increasing concentration of MWCNTs was observed (Fig. 4).
The acquired data correlates with the results of other researches [15, 21].

Theoretical Background A transitional kinetic model for dehydrogenation of С9–С14 paraffins, which is based on a formalized mechanism of transformations of compounds with allowance for the reactivity of feedstock components and catalyst activity, was developed by combining computational analysis and experimental data.
Table 1 Values of the main kinetic parameters of C9 –C14 alkanes dehydrogenation Reaction Kinetic parameter of the reaction Ea, [kJ/mole] k0, [s-1] k,[s-1] N-alkane Alkene-1+Н2 110 7.45·107  0.5698  N-alkane Alkene-2(n)+Н2 118 8.03·107  0.5235  Alkene-1 N-diene +Н2 190 2.65·1011  2.1079  Alkene-2(n) N-diene +Н2 190 2.65·1011  2.1079  Isoalkene Izo-diene +Н2 150 8.30·108  1.7688  The basic parameters of the model were determined by solving the inverse kinetic problem [13,14,15,16] using data obtained on an industrial plant.
Taken as initial data in this case was the composition of the feedstock hydrocarbon mixture supplied to the dehydrogenation reactor. (2) Depending on the coke concentration, the number of moles of water needed to maintain the equilibrium of the oxidation reaction according to Eq. (1) was calculated.
Results and Discussion During the search for new method of enhancing the LAB production efficiency, it has been found that maintaining the optimum humidity in the dehydrogenation reactor to meet the reduction in paraffin conversion and the increase in the coke concentration on the catalyst surface improves the selectivity of the process and extends the catalyst life.

The experimental data used were obtained with the help of standard pyrotechnic equipment, as well as known photographic and microcinematography methods.
(movie camera CKC – 1M, shooting speed 4500...5000 fps with a reduction of 1.5...2 times) [1, 2, 7].
This database can be used as the basis for a more general controlled database of theoretical and experimental data on the prediction of fire-hazardous properties of pyrotechnic products for various purposes under conditions of external thermal action.
New experimental and statistical models have been developed to form a database of calculated data (relative error 5...7 %) on the influence of the main parameters.

In order to reduce VCE(sat), reduction of VJFET and VMOS of the above expression became the focal point for improvement and were investigated accordingly.
Fig. 5 The measured threshold voltage of 1700V/100A IGBT against different dose of p-well Fig. 6 The comparison of measured threshold voltage and simulation data against different dose of p-well The VGE(th) decreased as the drive in time of the p-well increasing, see Table 4, we can explain that the surface peak concentration is lower as the drive in time becomes longer.
Fig. 7 the measured saturation voltage of 1700/100A IGBT against different dose of p-well Fig. 8 the comparison of measured saturation voltage and simulation data against different dose of p-well The VCE(sat) decreased as the dose of the p+ collector increasing, see Table 5, but the VCE(sat) didn’t changed obviously when the dose of the p+ collector increased to a certain data, which was limited to the activation rate of the ion implantation machine.

The purpose of this study is the study of different processing technologies on the dissolved content of total flavones from buckwheat hull and processing technique of buckwheat flour on the impact effect of the flavonoids, designed for buckwheat grain processing to provide more comprehensive data, provide technical support for further development of buckwheat deep processing products.
The calculation formula is as follows: DPPH radical scavenging rate (%) =Ao- (Ai-Aj) /Ao × 100% Data processing and statistical All tests were performed 3 times in parallel, the test results using Microsoft Excel 2007 for statistical analysis and graphics, represented by the average value and standard deviation data.
Reduction of rutin loss in buckwheat noodles and their physicochemical characterization[J].

These data and the swelling kinetics parameters give lots of information for this material and allowing its application in a satisfactory way.
The XRD pattern of the starch-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel (Fig.1 b) shows small peak at 19.8°and significant reduction in peak intensities was observed.
(a) (b) Fig.4 (a) Swelling kinetic curve and (b) t/Qt versus t plot for the starch-g-poly (acrylic acid) hydrogel Some of the characteristics collected from the swelling curves for evaluating the mechanism of the swelling phenomenon of hydrogels, the Schott’s pseudo second order swelling kinetics model [14] was adopted to fit the experimental data.
Q∞ and k were calculated by fitting experimental data shown in Fig.4 a,b to Eqs.(2),(3),(4).Depending on experimental date ,the plot of t/Qt versus for the starch-g-poly(acrylic acid) hydrogel give perfect straight line with good linear correlation coefficient(R2＞0.98)，indicating that the swelling process of the hydrogel follows the Schott swelling kinetic model.

In addition to the terminal coverage rate, this paper proposed electricity data acquisition rate.
(2) Where RELA is electricity data acquisition rate; M1 is number of electric meter which can achieve the electric energy data acquisition; M is the total number of electric meter in distribution grid. 4.2 Communication network index With the development of smart distribution grid, it relied more on the communication network.
The carbon dioxide emission reduction reflected the environmental performance of smart distribution grid.