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Possibility of repeating the tests is important especially for the study of changes in physic-mechanical properties of construction materials.
The ultrasonic pulse method was chosen for determining the quality of the testing material and changes of its properties that occurs after loading the sample by explosion of plastic explosives.
The propagation of ultrasound waves is a function of the properties of the tested material (air 330 m.s-1, water 1500 m.s-1, steel 5000–6000 m.s-1, concrete 3000–5000 m.s-1).
The disadvantages include the difficulty in interpreting the results in more complex cases, and the sensitivity of the ultrasound method to the whole range of external factors.
This fact – while being reinforced by certain minimal amount of fibres – is a ground for important change of properties that have been marked as basic drawbacks of conventional concrete.

Experimental works were conducted generally to determine accurately the properties of the nanofluids.
Mahanthesh et.al [2, 3] used a traditional model, where the properties of the nanofluids are directly included.
In relation with Fig. 6 – 7, the temperature profiles are not affected strongly by the nanoparticle condition considering same values of the dispersions.
Das; A review and analysis on influence of temperature and concentration of nanofluids on thermophysical properties, heat transfer and pumping power, International journal of heat and mass transfer 55 15-16 (2012) 4063-4078
S. kumar; Mechanisms proposed through experimental investigations on thermophysical properties and forced convective heat transfer characteristics of various nanofluids – A review, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 16 (2012) 3917-3938

Introduction General: Cast ingot normally includes some defects, for example; porosity and voids, inclusions and entrapped gasses which tend to reduce their mechanical properties and surface quality.
Mechanical Behaviour of Superplastic Materials: Unlike the mechanical behaviour of an ordinary engineering metal or alloy where the flow stress is a function of strain, strain rate and temperature, the flow stress of a superplastic material is mainly affected by strain rate at a pecified temperature and is strain independent.
This again emphasizes the effect of strain rate and the geometrical factor Db/Dout on cavity closure, specially that the contribution of friction is negligible for such material, as it has low shear stress which has proven to be used successfully as effective lubricant in the free upsetting test when compared with eight other lubricants [18].

It may thus affect the properties of the material.
In this work, we present the state of the art on the understanding of the diffusion properties of hydrogen and of the hydrogen-dopant interactions in diamond.
Introduction Diamond is a material which combines an exceptional set of mechanical, chemical, thermal, acoustic, optical and electronic properties.
A theoretical approach of the thermodynamic and electronic properties of boron and hydrogen related complexes has been performed by Goss et al [18].
Actually, the conversion occurs in homoepitaxial layers having appropriate structural properties [20].

Introduction Due to its unique thermal, mechanical, and electronic properties, SiC has emerged as a crucial material in high-power electronics and devices designed for operation in harsh environments.
By utilizing NZFMR to probe the spin properties of active defects in standard SiC p-n junction devices, we have demonstrated an all-electrical SWaP relative magnetometry capable of operating at temperatures up to 500°C without isotopic purification or design enhancements.
Figure 4 demonstrates how an applied offset magnetic field affects NZFMR measurements and device sensitivity.
This reduction in sensitivity at elevated temperatures is primarily driven by two factors: the broadening of the NZFMR signal (i.e., σ) and a decrease in the current response (i.e., ΔI) to magnetic fields.
Despite these factors, the sensitivity reduction is modest (almost two orders of magnitudes), demonstrating that our SiC-based NZFMR sensor remains robust for high-temperature magnetic field detection, even though not specifically designed for magnetometry applications.

Stainless steel alloys have been developed that successfully withstand oxidation at 900°C in air, however, it is apparent that under the SPF conditions of combining titanium, graphite and boron lubricants along with a low partial pressure of oxygen, as well as other factors, the die surface is preferentially attacked, so that dies have to be regularly cleaned in order to maintain the required surface finish.
This also contributed to minimizing any mechanical property testing that would be required to qualify the material after SPF since the properties already existed for standard grain material.
Also, forming at this lower temperature reduces the amount of alpha case, a brittle, oxygen rich layer on the surface that affects fatigue, which has to be removed by chemical milling from parts.

Store large amount of fly ash, not only occupy large areas of agricultural land、the dust generated serious pollute the atmosphere (REES and SIDRAK. 1956；Dreesden et al. 1977; Riekerk 1983; Wong and Wong 1986; El-Mogazi et al. 1988;Menon et el. 1990; Carlson and Adriano 1993; Singh and Yunus 2000)[1-8], but also pollute groundwater system in the storage areas, furthermore, if the wet slurry discharged into rivers and lakes, would be pollute the watercourses and then directly affects the growth of aquatic organisms (Rohrman 1971)[9], and finally destruct ecological balance.
Such as, the fly ash is suggested as replacements for soil as cover material in sulfidic mine tailings (Holmström, 2000) [11]; the fly ash can form durable sealing layers due to its self-hardening properties (Steenari et al.1999) [12] and can possibly prevent the formation of acidic drainage water due to its high alkalinity; the fly ash can also used as a building materials (Wesche, et al.1989) [13].
However, the fly ash as subgrades filling also has many unfavorable factors.
Field test of important construction parameters Roller Compacted Combination Program Degree of compaction of fly ash embankment has relationship with thickness of loose paving、rolling frequency、construction machinery 、fly ash property and its water content et al.
(4) Dynamic cone penetration method (DCP) can obtain subgrade CBR value according to the experiential formula, and can be directly conduct subgrade strength evaluation using the mechanical indicators, at the same time, this method can reflect the vertical quality change of compaction layer, and has a strong correlation with traditional sand replacement method.

In term of properties, compressive strength was conducted by incorporating 0%, 1%, 5%, 10%, 20% and 30% bodymill and polishing sludge into fired clay brick.
(a) (b) Figure 1: Heavy Metal Concentrations in Raw Material (a) SPLP (b) TCLP As for properties, Universal Testing Machine (UTM) used to determine the compressive strength of the brick for every percentage includes Bodymill Brick (BS Control, BS 1%, BS 5%, BS 10%, BS 20%, and BS 30%) and Polishing Brick (PS Control, PS 1%, PS 5%, PS 10%, PS 20%, and PS 30%).
The pH value was affected by sludge that was utilized in BS brick. [1] Mostly ceramic product produce chemical content such as silica (SiO2), alumina (Al2O3), lime (CaO), alkaline oxides and magnesium oxides.
Solution pH could be an important factor that controls the leaching and mobility of hazardous trace elements presented where lower pH values increase the leaching rate of inorganic constituents from.[3] This study aso included the result of heavy metal concentration where the sample was in stirred conditions.
However, bodymill sludge produce better physical and mechanical properties compared to polishing sludge.

In addition, the number of transistors per chip has doubled every two years (by increasing the transistor density per unit area and increasing the chip size) and both these factors have caused an exponential rise in the leakage power of the chip.
Clearly the exact geometry of the gate electrode will change the capacitance and also affect the number.
For an atomic mass of say, 20, this factor will be about 200.
Such new materials as well as their new properties in exploiting non-equilibrium should be pursued.
We need to engage materials research to the feature size of atomic scale related to the following working principles of quantum theory: (1) Quantum mechanical tunneling (2) Many body effects and correlated electron (and other) systems as well as the interface properties (3) Control of atomic scale properties of materials in order to understand, characterize, control and eventually attain high manufacture yield.

The Effect of Current Density to Surface Morphology and Component of Micro-arc Oxidization Ceramic Coating of Pure Titanium Lin Xu1,a, Jian-ning Ding2,b, Zhen Huang3,c, Ni-na Han3,d, Xiao-jing Xu3,e and Xiao-ya Niu3,f 1Center of Micro/Nano Science and Technology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China 2Changzhou University , Changzhou 213164,China 3School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China afgmnxl@163.com, bdingjn@ujs.edu.com, c807757333@qq.com, d2297636202@qq.com, eXjxu67@ ujs.edu.com, f593790127@qq.com Keywords: Pure titanium, Micro-arc oxidization(MAO), Current density, Microscopic structure, Component Abstract.
So, it’s an efficient way to improve the biological properties of titanium and titanium alloy that MAO method is used to do modification to titanium.
The important factors which affect the performance of MAO film are type of electrolyte, concentration, frequency, duty ratio, oxidation time, current density and so on[14, 15].In this paper, MAO technology is used to modify pure titanium, the porous oxide TiO2 ceramic coating containing Ca and P is fabricated on the surface of pure titanium.
Characterization of surface topography and property observation of MAO ceramic coating of pure titanium.