Search results

These factors make the new functional materials very promising for magnetically controlled devices like actuators, sensors and magnetic refrigerators working at room temperature.
Relevance of composition for the properties of Ni-Mn-Ga The compositional dependence of the physical properties was mostly investigated for excess Ni concentration in Ni2+x+yMn1−xGa1−y.
In this respect, we note that Ni2.16Mn0.84Ga (TM < TC and e/a = 7.62) and Ni2.19Mn0.81Ga (TM ≈ TC and e/a ≈ 7.64) possess different mechanical properties and, very probably, different martensitic transformation kinetics.
It appears that admixture of iron improves the mechanical properties of Ni2+xMn1−xGa (co-alloying of other transition metals might also be a way to improve the transition temperatures).
In particular, the influence of magnetoelastic coupling on magnetic and structural properties is far from being clear.

For more details on the structure and mechanical properties of these alloys see [9].
Two different mechanical spectroscopy techniques were used: 1) Two vibrating-reed apparatus with free decay method for damping measurement (IMNF Technical University of Braunschweig) in a vacuum of about 10 -3 Pa were used to measure IF of bar shaped specimens (30×2×0.4 mm 3 ).
A mechanical loss peak in case of a relaxation effect with a single relaxation time is well-known to be described by a Debye equation [11].
The accuracy of these values is affected by ordering.
Material Dv (m 2 /s) Fe-26Al 1.59×10-15 Fe-26Al-2.0Ti 5.79×10-16 Fe-26Al-0.3Nb 6.28×10-16 Addition of Ti and especially Nb to the Fe-26Al alloy slows down the Fe bulk diffusivity by a factor of two to three at T = 1055 K.

Electrical Conductivity Research of Inhomogeneous Ceramic-Metal Composites Lichao Feng1, a, Xuemei Yu1,b, Bin Qiao1,c and Yiqiang He1,d 1 School of Mechanical Engineering, Huaihai Institute of Technology, Lianyungang, 222005, Jiangsu, China a fenglichao33@163.com, b yuxuemei_hit@126.com, c qiaobin@hhit.edu.cn, d ant210@126.com Keywords: composite, electrical conductivity, porosity, percolation theory, hysteresis phenomenon.
However, one of the most important factors of these composite materials, the porosity, is neglected.
Percolation theory is based on the idea that a dramatic property change occurs when a system reaches a critical value, which is called the percolation threshold [9, 10].
The relationship between the electrical conductivity and the porosity can be calculated using the equation , and the exponent n is largely affected by the Cu content.

Choi4,g 1 Digital Printing Division, Digital Media Business, Samsung Electronics, 416 Maetan-3dong Yeongtong-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 443-742, Korea 2 Doosan Heavy Industries & Construction 555 Guigok-dong, Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-do, 641-792, Korea 3 School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 300 Chunchun-dong Jangan-gu, Suwon-si, Gyeonggi-do, 440-746, Korea 4 Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety, 19 Gusong-dong, Yusong-gu, Daejeon 305-338, Korea a jochkim@ skku.edu, bamy5826@skku.edu, cyschang7@skku.edu, dboong33@skku.edu, e yjkim50@skku.edu, fmjj@kins.re.kr, gyoung@kins.re.kr Keywords: Fatigue Life Evaluation, Green's Function, Real Operating History Abstract.
The lifetime of nuclear power plant is mostly dependent on the fatigue life of major components, and thus, the exact evaluation of fatigue life on major components are a crucial factor in determining the extension of operating life.
Also, the alternating stress (σalt = (σmax-σmin)/2)) which affects the fatigue life is observed to be higher than that of 3-D finite element analysis.
The important property of the Green's function is that, when suitably defined, it contains all essential informations of the system.
The resulting maximum alternating stress, allowable number of cycles and cumulative usage factor (CUF) at 3 locations are summarized in Table 1.

The rules mainly includes as following: determining the generated scope of 3D models on one certain display stage in the process of scale change(i.e. confirming the fit scale scopes in which the 3D model’s stage appears), establishing the 3D multi-scale model displaying function, adjusting different displaying stages(highlighting the details consciously) with considering non-geometric spatial factors, such as taking semantic features into account, ascertaining the critical state of model’s display in scale space, researching the gradual changing process between two key adjacent stages.
The basic particles of 3D dynamic symbol designed are showed in Fig.9: Fig.9 Basic Particle Properties of 3D Symbol .
(11) Rotating speed It is the basic particle’s turning-speed used for mechanical motion (12) Rotating center It is the basic particle’s rotating center used for mechanical motion.
It is clear that the number of triangles can be evidently decreased by reasonable modeling mode, but the simplification must not affect the visual effects[9].
Second, a process model consumes large amounts of computing resources, so it affects the efficiency of the system's display.

However the grinding marks and central dimples induced in grinding are hard to eliminate by chemical mechanical polishing even with a large amount of material removal and have significant impact on site flatness and nanotopography, and have been a great obstacle for the manufacture of ultra-flat wafers [2, 3].
Finally, the diamond grinding wheel is a mixture of grain particles and bond material, the dissimilar optical properties may be a major limiting factor to some optical based 3D surface profilers.
The fact that there exist waves on both the wheel surface and the ground wafer surface indicates that there exists regenerative effect in the wafer grinding system, since a characteristic feature of grinding chatter due to regenerative effect is that it possibly affects both the workpiece and the grinding wheel surface [8].
A central dimple is usually generated in the vicinity of the center of the ground wafer of the order of 2 to 30mm in diameter and of the order of 0.2 to 0.5μm in depth due to excess material removal in the center region, which is hard to remove by chemical mechanical polishing [3].
Kang, et al: Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering in China (In press)

Introduction Outstanding properties of SiC (wide bandgap, high electric and mechanical strength, high thermal conductivity and stability, and high radiation resistance) make this material suitable for fabrication of high-power and high-frequency devices or electronics operating at high temperatures and radiation levels.
Deep levels with similar properties as E1 and E2 were already registered in 4HSiC irradiated with 8.6 MeV electrons [3].
The level EA3 exhibits similar properties as the center EH5 detected in electron or proton irradiated 4HSiC after the annealing at 300°C [5,6].
On the other hand, the ideality factor of the JBS diode varies only slightly from 1.029 (unirradiated diode) up to 1.048 (1x1015 electrons cm-2).
Also the diode’s blocking voltage is not affected by electron irradiation.

(2) The denominator of Equ.(2) is independent of the window length chosen, but the numerator is affected by it.
It is thought that the SK has a number of properties that will make it very useful in the area of prognostics, but these have not yet been fully exploited.
Antoni: Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing (2004), In Press [6] J.
Randall: Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing (2004), In Press [7] P.D.
Qiu: Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing Vol. 116 (2002), p. 817

Accordingly, the improved condition of the initial corrosion film is considered the primary factor responsible for the delayed onset of exfoliation corrosion.
However, the subsequent annealing to obtaining equiaxial microstructure of cold-rolled material cause degradation of mechanical property.
Fig. 5 Macro-corrosion morphology (upper) micro-corrosion morphology (lower) at the onset of exfoliation corrosion Discussion Based on these results, it is considered that differences in the microstructure during cold rolling, caused by the grain size, affect the initiation behavior of exfoliation corrosion.

Constitutive models are usually based on analytical equations, with parameters identified through mechanical testing.
They represent the Taylor factor of a crystallite with orientation g submitted to the strain mode a.
The average Taylor factors are then obtained as follows from the texture, using the orientation distribution function (ODF): ( ) ( ) ( )∫= dggfgMM , a a (7) These integrals can be evaluated very efficiently using the series expansion method [8].
The first effect can be implemented in the model by making the scaling factor τ c a function of the strain history.
However, it is still not possible to perform quantitative and truly predictive simulations of the rolling textures of aluminium alloys in which special metallurgical factors such as second phase constituents or shear banding plays a dominant role.