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Discussion Modification of an implant surface can improve the mechanical and biological properties of implants [11].
Cytocompatibility of biomaterial is the most important factor in clinical use.
It is suggested that anodized surfaces affect early cell response and that this effect on osteoblast is increased in accordance with amount of Ca and P in the oxide layer.

In many cases, dynamic stall becomes primary limiting factor in the performance of the associated vehicle or structure.
They found that the critical parameter which affects the thrust generation is the Strouhal number based on the wake width or the trailing edge displacement rather than k, the reduced frequency.
The H-H and C-type boundary-fitted grids are generated at first in order to simulate the aerodynamic forces accurately Fig: 1 Generation of mesh around NACA0012 airfoil Governing equations and turbulence models: The system of governing equations for a single-component fluid, written to describe the mean flow properties, is casted in integral Cartesian form for an arbitrary control volume V with differential surface area dA as follows: (1) Where the vectors W, F and G are defined as: Vector H contains source terms such as body forces and energy sources.
Sajjan “ Unsteady Flow past a Combined Pitching and Plunging Aerofoil using an Implicit RANS Solver 2011 International Conference on Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering (CMAE 2011) [14] R.I.

DRYING CHARACTERISTICS OF SEVERAL AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT: EFFECT OF DRYING TEMPERATURE Mohd Nazif Farhana, Mohd Faizal Mohideen Batchab and Sulastri Sabudinc 1Faculty of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Universiti Tun Huessin Onn Malaysia, 86400 Parit Raja, Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia amymnaziff@gmail.com, bmfaizal@uthm.edu., csulastri@uthm.edu.my Keywords: Drying, drying rate, drying temperature, moisture ratio, agricultural products Abstract.
In some cases, wanted or unwanted biochemical or chemical reaction will leading to transform or change in texture, colour, odour or other property of solid product.
For example, when biogas is obtained from an anaerobic digestion process the percentage of solids present in the digestate affects the gas yields.
It was observed that main factor influencing drying kinetic is drying air temperature.
This may be attributed to the physical property of the fruit which has sticky and wet layer.

Introduction The use of the methodology of multiple-factor experiment to estimate the joint effect of factors determining the tool life after laser hardening allowed to establish a complex and interdependent nature of the influence of cutting modes and of irradiation on the durability of the hardened tool [1].
While for non-irradiated cutter of the material alignment properties is virtually absent (Fig. 5 b).
When the measurements of microhardness at a depth of ~ 50 µm in the directions 1 and 2 (Fig. 1) was established that temper effects has affected the material of non-irradiated of the tool, in much bigger degree as already noted.
Poletika, Contact loads on cutting surfaces of the tool, Mechanical engineering, Moscow, 1969

The manufacturing technology of cable aluminum sheath is one of the key factors to ensure the cable service life.
To be close to the actual operating condition of aluminium continuous extrusion, friction factor of 0.95 is chosen at the extrusion wheel-billet to represent a nearly sticking condition, and 0.4 at the tooling-billet interface.
The characteristics of metal flow has a great effect on mechanical properties and the quality of products[9].
The uniformity of metal flow velocity directly affect the quality of the cladding process.

The aim of this paper is therefore to describe the development of a novel refractory castable system utilising the in-situ formation of aluminium titanate which in combination with matrix chemistry control and thermo-mechanical property design, greatly inhibited the adhesion of process flux on the refractory walls.
The mobility of iron titanate and in particular the additional fluxing affect of FeO/ Fe2O3 also playing a significant role.
Refractory Matrix Modification A generic ~70% Al2O3 refractory composition was developed previously with a focus on optimizing the thermo-mechanical properties [4].
A factor screening model (Taguchi experimental design) was adopted with an L9 array designed to concurrently evaluate the interaction of fine and coarse grade TiO2 with calcium aluminate cement (CAC) and fine Al2O3.
In order to further improve strength, it was found necessary to re-introduce the fumed silica which greatly improved the mix rheological properties despite fears of its potentially negative effect upon SREP adhesion resistance.

Furthermore, IPMSM presents enhanced mechanical robustness, compared to surface mounted PM motors, due to its particular rotor structure, where the PMs are placed in particular cavities in the iron laminations, as shown in Fig.1.
Design characteristics and operational specifications of prototype EV-propulsion Double Layer IPMSM Design Parameters Basic operating IPMSM drive system properties Poles / Slots 4 / 36 Base / maximum speed (rpm) 2500 / 6370 Stator Diameter / Active Length (mm) 180 / 105 Continuous torque below and at base speed (Nm) 50 Airgap radius / length (mm) 53.02 / 1 Copper fill factor / Armature resistance (mΩ) 0.51 / 22.7 1st / 2nd PM layer length (mm) 17.1 / 33.5 Φmag=Flux linkage induced by PMs (Wb) 0.1002 1st / 2nd PM layer width (mm) 4.87 / 1.4 Differential Gear ratio / Maximum vehicle speed (km/h) 6:1 / 120 Tooth length / width (mm) 23.16 / 4 Nominal DC link voltage (V) 250 The torque and armature voltage, considering sinusoidal input current, waveforms at four representative operating points of NEDC are illustrated in Fig.2a and Fig.2b, respectively.
Cross-saturated synchronous inductances Ld and Lq are calculated as: (1) (2) From the results illustrated in Fig.3, it can be observed that the magnetic saturation induces significant reduction in d-q axis inductances, while the cross coupling effect mainly affects the d-axis inductance, especially at low values of d-axis current.

In that case, the characteristics of EDMed surface affects the molding performance and the life of metal molds.
In some cases, mold release agent components for easy releasing of molded product are included directly into the resin material granule, but this countermeasure may deteriorate the mechanical properties of the molding products.
Therefore, it is considered that the contact angle would have a relation with the releasability of molded resin from the surface and the antifouling property of the surface.
(1) The adhesive force per unit area f means the chemical bonding force between EDMed surface and molded resin, which is greatly affected by chemical components on the adhesive interface, especially by the chemical composition of EDMed surface.
On the other hand, the real contact area S is geometrical factor, which is influenced by the interface profile and the tranferring ratio of the molded resin to the EDMed surface.

The novelty of the developed device is that the properties of the damper are adjustable based on the structural requirements.
The equation of motion (1) is solved and modal properties are estimated to adjust the modal mass of the structures.
Nigdeli, Mass ratio factor for optimum tuned mass damper strategies.
International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, 71 (2013) 68–84
Transactions of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 50 (1928) 9–22

However site investigation is difficult and time consuming, while numerical methods requires lot of parameters related to properties of soil.
However the factors that control the initiation of flowslide is lacking.
Therefore, this study is aimed at identifying and assessing the contribution of various factors which causes the occurrence of flowslide or large slope failures.
Results and Discussion Experiments conducted under different rainfall intensities, soil density, depth of soil slope and initial moisture conditions to determine the factors that controls the initiation of flowslide.
Sahin, "Laboratory tests to study stability mechanism of rainfall infiltrated unsaturated fine-grained soil slopes developing into shallow landslides and their hydraulic properties," Civil Engineering, İzmir Institute of Technology, 2013