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As a typical ferroelectric, piezoelectric and electro-optic material, having such characteristics as relatively low dielectric constant, low resonance frequency temperature, low aging rate, high mechanical quality factor and high Curie point (675ºC) [5,6], Bi4Ti3O12 exhibits the widely promising future in application, such as information storage, ferroelectric photo-valve arrays and holographic memory paging.
The larger particle Bi4Ti3O12 crystal on the films surface, the more homogeneous precipitation, which lead to the super-saturation degree of the precursor solution would be affected to be decreased.
Ye, et al, Progress in the structure and properties of ferroelectric SrBi2Ta2O9 thin films, J.
Xiao, et al, A study of ferroelectric (Bi4-xLax)Ti3O12 ceramic properties, Piezoelectrics & Acoustooptics (in Chinese). 24 (2002) 199-201
Cao, Ferroelectric properties of neodymium-doped Bi4Ti3O12 thin films crystallized in different environments, Thin Solid Films. 471 (2005) 35-39

In addition, the continuous integer programming problem leads to a large number of redundant solution space with redundant search, thus affecting the convergence speed.
Similar method was used to solve the target assignment and multicast routing optimization problem [30], [31], [32].Integrated with workflow features, through the concept of replacement factor, defined workflow scheduling algorithm based on discrete particle swarm and the definiation is applied to rusk scheduling of workflow[33].
Novel Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization Based on Huge Value Penalty for Solving Engineering Problem [J], Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering. 2009, 22(3): 410-418
A hierarchical mamdani － type fuzzy modeling approach with new training data selection and multi － objective optimization mechanisma: A special application for the prediction of mechnical properties of alloy steels［J］.
Research on Discrete Multi-objective Optimization Problem [J], MECHANICAL ENGINEERING ＆ AUTOMATION. 2011, 5:206-208.

This type of material is characterised by excellent mechanical properties compared to its weight and can be applied with different configurations, allowing the preservation of the geometric and architectural detail of the reinforced structural element.
These values evidence that the mortar has better mechanical properties than the tuff.
In particular, this load increment can be explained by two phenomena: 1) the higher mechanical properties of the mortar joints compared to the ones of the tuff, and 2) the additional bond resistant mechanism provided by the mortar joints due to a sort of ‘interlocking’ of the ribs formed in the mortar joints and contrasting the slip respect to the masonry substrate.
It can be observed that for the single blocks the maximum shear stress is about 3 MPa in the case of CFRP and GFRP without plastering and about 2 MPa for BFRP; in case of plastering the shear strength increases up to about 5 MPa, confirming the positive effect of the plastering into enhancing locally the mechanical properties of the first millimetres of tuff under the FRP reinforcement as already evidenced in [4, 5].
The mean value of the numerical factor kG is assumed 0.157 for support made of tuff stone.

Thus obtained strain rate reveals to include the transformation plastic part in addition to thermo-mechanical plastic components.
,I � = as is shown in Fig.6(a) and that the mechanical and thermophysical property χχχχ is represented by the mixture law [17] such that 1 � I I I = = ∑χξχχ ξχχ ξχχ ξχ , with 11 � I I = =∑ξξξξ
The first term in Eq.(9) is the ordinal thermo-mechanical plastic strain rate in the I-th phase, which is supperimosed mechanical and thermal parts.
Ju and the author [3] available to simulate metallo-thermo-mechanical processes.
The equivalent stress σ in the matrix near the interface is 3 2 r r = − =θσ σ σ σ (29) will give a large value to cause the yielding, even if the stress is a little reduced due to stress concentration factor αis less than unity when subjected to tensile stress.

The removal of mercury from the waterbody remains a severe challenge in ensuring environmental safety due to its highly toxic and non-biodegradable properties.
Bentonite is a natural aluminium phyllosilicate with subtantial adsorption properties such as highly porous silicate and crystal structures are formed by combination of silica tetrahedral and alumino octahedral which advancing adsorbent quality [3].
Honeycomb-monolith as structurized adsorbent is believed to be advantageous prior to its low pressure drop, easier for the adsorbate stream to pass, good thermal and mechanical properties, and simple scale up [8].
By examining the experimental data, we acquired that adsorption rate is affected by initial concentration of adsorbate and the highest efficiency of BBM adsorbent in mercury removal is 63,9%.
Marmier, Adsorptive properties of Moroccan clays for the removal of arsenic(V) from aqueous solution, Appl.

The FATT50 (the fracture appearance transition temperature) of the rotors was predicted as a function of ratio of the two peak current densities (Ipr / Ip ) tested by electrochemical potentiodynamic reaction method, temperature of electrolyte, J-factor and grain size ( N ).
The peak current densities were affected by the grain size parameter N of the material and the temperature T at which the electrochemical polarization test was carried out.
Since all the input independent variables (Ipr / Ip ,T, J-factor and N) of the model obtained by BNN can be obtained by a nondestructive test or from the manufacture report of the steam turbine rotor, this model can be used as a nondestructive method to predict temper embrittlement of in-service turbine rotors.
The use of electrochemical and mechanical property correlations to monitor the degradation of Cr-Mo-V turbine casing steel.

Collagen properties.
The properties of collagen depend on different factors such as its structure, self-assembly and functionalities [24].
Mechanical properties.
Functional properties.
Even with smaller fiber sizes, the mechanical properties and hydrophobicity of collagen are increased [13, 32].

Introduction Ni-based superalloys, mainly consisting of disordered face-centered cubic γ matrix phase (fcc_A1 structure) and ordered γ′ precipitate phase (fcc_L12 structure), usually possess excellent high-temperture mechanical properties and are thus widely used as ideal materials for highly loaded trubine blades in aero-engine and powder generation gas turbine.
Therefore, one of the key factors limiting the lifetime of TBCs lies on the interdiffusion between the bond-coat and the underlying Ni-based superalloy [10].
In this case, the thermodynamic factors and mobility parameters in the numerical inverse method are only treated as the numerical parameters without any physical meaning.
Those factors lead to the fact that the rate of Al atoms transferring to the interface is larger than that leaving the interface.
Jiang, Thermodynamic properties of the Al-Fe-Ni system acquired via a hybrid approach of calorimetry, first-principles and CALPHAD, Acta Mater. 57 (2009) 5324-5341

Madhu Murthy5,e 1 M.Tech. student, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Warangal, India 2 B.Tech student, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, KITS Warangal, India 3 Research Scholar, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Warangal, India 4,5 Professor, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Warangal, India a er.rajg@gmail.com, b sunny.aravind@gmail.com, c karthikeya.sharma3@gmail.com, d ambaprasadrao@gmail.com, e madhumurthyk@gmail.com Keywords: Diesel engine, Water-Diesel emulsion, NOx emission, PM emission, micro explosion; Abstract.
Introduction: Various undesirable emissions are exhausted by internal combustion (IC) engines which affect the environment and cause various problems such as ozone depletion, acid precipitation, global warming and respiratory hazards etc.
The delivery capacity of the injection system is the limiting factor for using water-diesel emulsions.
The delivery capacity of the injection system is the limiting factor for using high content of water in water-diesel emulsions as a fuel in the diesel engine.
[9] Cherng-Yuan Lin, Kuo-Hua Wang: The fuel properties of three-phase emulsions as an alternative fuel for diesel engines, Fuel, Vol.82(2003), p.1367–1375

In addition, the desired SHS reaction process is eventually affected multiple factors, including the uniformities of the compactness, N2 atmosphere and the reactive agents.
And systematical evaluations are required, including its immobilization performance for other nuclides in the radioactive graphite, and the mechanical, chemical and radiation stability of the waste forms, etc.
Acknowledgements The authors would like to thank financial supports from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 21007052; 41302028; 41272050), the Foundation of Key Subject Laboratory of National Defense for Radioactive Waste and Environmental Security (Southwest University of Science and Technology) (Grant No. 11zxnk09) and the Open Foundation of Joint Laboratory for Extreme Conditions Matter Properties, Southwest University of Science and Technology and Research Center of Laser Fusion, CAEP (No. 12zxjk04).