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The physical and mechanical response is about the ability of the structure to captivate and discharge the energy directly at this short time interval to the surrounding environment [1].
Results also showed that the location of reinforcement affects the behavior as well [4].
So, a reduction factor has been calculated and test results were modified accordingly as per Eq. 2.
Reduction factor=69=23=0.667 (2) Endurance is measured by the total number of drops till failure.
Energy-Absorption Property of Expanded Polystyrene Concrete under Impact.

Tracer methods give a direct measurement of the lithium diffusion coefficient without relying on model-dependent correction factors.
The absorption factors for a neutron beam by means of neutron radiography are different for the two Li isotopes.
Wong (Ed.), Properties of lithium niobate, INSPEC/Institution of Electrical Engineers, London, 2002
Solskii, Electrical properties of LiNbO3 crystals reduced in a hydrogen atmosphere, Phys.
Noda, Properties and performance of tritium breeding ceramics, J.

Literature Review Jones [8] proposed a general theory to calculate the elastic properties of ball bearings under arbitrary loading and speed conditions.
Figure 4 - (a) Radii of curvature of two bodies in contact and (b) other geometric properties of a ball bearing.
Table 2 shows the main properties of the Aeroshell® 500 oil used in the calculations according to the manufacturer's catalog.
The properties are described as functions of the rotational speed.
Table 1 - Barden® 206(T) ball bearing properties.

Classification of Automobile Lubricant by Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Combined with Machine Classification Yun Zhao1,2,a, Xing Xu3,b, Yong He1,c,* 1College of Biosystems Engineering & Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China 2School of Information and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science & Technology, Hangzhou, China 3School of Mechanical & Automotive Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science & Technology, Hangzhou, China azy_super0201@163.com, bxuxing3220@163.com, cyhe@zju.edu.cn *Corresponding author Keywords: near-infrared spectroscopy, automobile lubricant, partial least square, least squares-support vector machine, Gaussian processes classification Abstract.
Xu Guangtong et al. [6] proposed a method to define the physical property of diesel-fuel with NIR spectral technique, including density, refractive index, flash point, distillation range and solidifying point.
It is necessary to extract optimum factors for factor score matrix (T=XW) computing from a set of response and predictor variables linearly dependent partially before computing the weight matrix and linear regression modeling (Y=TQ+E, Q is the regression coefficient of matrix T, E is the deviation matrix).
The are known as hyperparameters which will affect the reliability of GP performance directly.

The system research on automatic defect detection of glasses Yao Hongbing1,2, Ping Jie1,3*, Ma Guidian1,3, Li Liangwan1,3 and Gu Jinan1,3 1School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China 2Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada 3Mechanical Information Research Center of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China email: yaoye@ujs.edu.cn Keywords: Machine vision; Lens defects; Image processing; Image acquisition Abstract.
Consequently, the most important factor to ensure the glasses’ high quality is an efficient defect detection method on the basis of strict glasses’ quality grading requirement.
Some part of the pollutants can be removed through image processing, but other pollutants which cannot be removed will affect the accuracy of detection.
[5] Tsai Meng-Tsan, Chang Feng-yu, Lee Ya-ju, et al., Defect detection and property evaluation of indium tin oxide conducting glass using optical coherence tomography, Optics Express. 19 (2011) 7559-7566

Frenkel’s formula of theoretical strength reveals the importance of defects in governing the mechanical properties of materials, and it was believed for many decades that theoretical strength is unimportant technologically since we are usually dealing with defected, not ideal, materials.
The nucleation and migration of defects can be aided by thermal fluctuations [1,2], a factor not considered in simple “brute-force” strength estimates.
Properties of nano-scale systems, for example, the hardness of epitaxial thin films measured by nano-indentation, can be closer to the properties of ideal single-crystals and differ considerably from the macroscale properties of that material.
Note xx xx xx that the decrease in e * by roughly factor of three (from e * □ 0.06 to e * □ 0.02 ) due to increase in D means the one order of magnitude decrease in the critical elastic energy.
We always applied homogeneous tension/compression parallel to surface and thus, changing the crystallographic orientation of the sample, we changed not only the structure of the surface but also the orientation of the slip systems with respect to the loading axis (Schmidt factor).

Thus, before investigating strains induced by external magnetic fields, it is of interest to characterize the stress or strain evolved in the Fe-Ga alloys with external mechanical loading.
Such heterogeneous dislocations are considered to affect the measured stress level in the stress analysis, as the overall average lattice spacing was analyzed in this study.
Schlagel, Magnetostrictive properties of body-centered cubic Fe-Ga and Fe-Ga-Al alloys, IEEE Trans.
Lograsso, Magnetostrictive Properties of Galfenol Alloys Under Compressive Stress, Mater.
Wun-Fogle, Tensile properties of magnetostrictive iron–gallium alloys, Acta Mater. 42 (2004) 5043-5050

Introduction During the last decades, carbon nanofibers (CNFs) are increasingly gaining attention as important materials in various applications, particularly in catalysis aspect due to their excellent properties such as high specific surface area, flexibility to functionalize their surface, and superior mechanical performance (e.g. tensile strength and stiffness) [1 2].
CNFs obtained were characterized by FTIR, XRD and SEM techniques to further study their physical and chemical properties.
Ꞁ = K λ / β cos θ (1) where Ꞁ is the average grain size of particles, K is a dimensionless factor (typical value = 0.9), λ is the X-ray wavelength, β is the line broadening at maximum intensity of full width at half maximum (WFHM), and θ is the Bragg angle.
The NR added as a co carbon resource into a PAN precursor did not affect the carbon fiber formation since pores or branches were not found on the surface.
Ramakrishna, Functional properties of electrospun NiO/RuO2 composite carbon nanofibers, J.

CNTs are inert and difficult to disperse in the rubber, also difficult to conduct phonon,so the interface function with the rubber is weak, which affect the thermal conductivity of rubber material that filled with CNTs.
In addition, Sihn et al. [8] demonstrated that the transition zone (TZ) of the interface between the thermally conductive filler and the insulating material is the main factor which will determine the thermal conductivity of the composite.
The CNTs/NR, CNTs-PDA/NR and CNTs-PDA-Al2O3/NR composites were prepared by mechanical blending, according to ISO 2393:1994, and then vulcanizated at 143℃ for (T90 + 3)min.
Gotama, The effects of carbon nanotubes on mechanical and thermal properties of woven glass fibre reinforced polyamide-6 nanocomposites.

Safety Diagnosis of Collided Subway Electric Multiple Units (EMUs) Jong Duk Chung 1,a , Jeong Guk Kim2,b and Dae Sung Bae1,c 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, Kyunggi, South Korea 2 Railroad Safety Research and Testing Center, Korea Railroad Research Institute, Uiwang, Kyunggi, South Korea a jdchung@krri.re.kr, bjkim@krri.re.kr, cdsbae@hanyang.ac.kr Keywords: Safety Diagnosis, Electric Multiple Units (EMUs), Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE), Structural Analysis.
In this respect, the safety concerns are the most important factor in the operation of the subway system as the public transportation.
Among several areas of the operation of the subway system, the safety of subway vehicle itself is of important because the rolling stocks carry the passengers, and the safety and reliability of rolling stocks are directly affected for the safety of subway passengers.
According to Korean Metropolitan Railroad Law, the loading condition for the horizontal compressive testing is as follows, Horizontal Compressive Load = (Empty Car Body Weight + Passenger Weight - Bogie Weight - Bareframe Weight) + Compressive Load = (33ton + 20ton - 12ton - 11.7 ton) + 50ton = Vertical Load (29.3ton) + Compressive Load (50ton) (1) The material of subway car body was Stainless Steel (SS400) for the structural analysis, the mechanical properties of SS400 were as follows; the yield strength of 245.2MPa and the tensile strength of 402.1MPa, respectively.