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When concentration of C6H8O6 is low, the number of silver atoms reduced from AgNO3 increase with the concentration of C6H8O6, which is beneficial to the growth of crystal nuclei and result in the increase of silver particle size.
The increase of the average silver particle size at low concentration of C6H8O6 increase the number and size of the silver crystals at the Ag-Si interface during the sintering process, which benefits the ohmic contact of front side Ag contacts and improves the conversion efficiency of solar cells [2].
Then with the increasing of C6H8O6 concentration, the increase of reaction rate and supersaturation leads to enough silver particles used for the growth of each orientation of grain.
The reaction rate increases exponentially as the reaction temperature increases and large number of silver atoms are reduced from AgNO3 solution.

A number of papers reported on development for FCF [3-8].
The aim is to grain a better understanding of FCF for shell parts with complex shape and realize the mass production of electromagnetic shell parts used in automobiles.
The billet was divided into 77427 four-node tetrahedral elements and the numbers of node were 18991.
Table.2: Comparison between theoretic size and practical size (mm) Number of part External diameter Inner diameter Base thickness Length Diagrammatic size Practical size Diagrammatic size Practical size Diagrammatic size Practical size Diagrammatic size Inwall (max) Ektexine (max) 1 φ88-0.2 87.95 φ58.6+0。

For many low cycle fatigue formulations, the cyclic degradation phenomenon is effectively modelled by either Paris law [6] or Peerling law [7], generally as functions of the stress cycle amplitude, mean value and the number of loading cycles.
In Ref. [12] Oller et al. developed a continuum mechanics approach to fatigue analysis, in the framework of damage modelling, for which the threshold damage is function of the cycle number.
The modelled mechanical behavior is governed by the evolution of the state variables during any loading path, instead of the number of cycles.
Benedetti, “An enhanced grain-boundary framework for computational homogenization and micro-cracking simulations of polycrystalline materials,” Computational Mechanics, vol. 56, no. 4, pp. 631-651, 2015

One of the ways of the fractality determination is a count of the number of cells falling within the concentric circles of different diameters.
The dimension of cell packing on the plane is approximately equal to ~2, at that, the whole-number value of dimension suggests the uniform filling-in of the plane.
The sample in Fig. 1d, on the contrary, was “sewn” of sufficiently large “grains”, parts numbering several dozens of cells each and having the characteristic «diameter» of about 4-7 cells.

This is because with the breaking of the N-H bond in the film, a large number of N dangling bonds appear in the film, and these redundant N bonds combine with Si to form more Si-N bonds.
This experiment prepares Si-rich silicon nitride films containing hydrogen, low electronegativity of the H will make Si-N bonds peak to a low wave number shift, and with the annealing temperature increases, hydrogen precipitation occurs in the film.
This will cause the peak position of Si-N bond to shift in the direction of high wave number.
The above results show that with the increase of annealing temperature, more Si will be precipitated in the film, which is conducive to the formation of amorphous or small grain silicon clusters.

Fire-retardant coatings Sample number and composition Presence (+) or absence (–) of a basic components Presence (+) or absence (–) of a additional component Composition of the flame retardant, pH-value Fire-retardant coating: technical lignosulphanate powder, sodium carbonate, sapropel, potassium iodide 1H3PO3: 1NH4OH, pH ≤ 5.5 2H3PO3: 2NH4OH: 1CH4NO2, pH ≤ 5.5 1H3PO3: 8NH4OH, pH = 8.5 1 wood + + + – steel – – – – 2 wood + + + – steel – – – – 3 wood + + + – steel – – – – 4.1 wood + + + – steel – – – + 4.2 wood + + + – steel – – – + 4.3 wood + + + – steel – – – + 5 wood – – – – steel – – – – Results The results of the experiments have shown that more than 19% weight loss was recorded in samples untreated by fire retardant agents and exposed to an open flame for 10 min., and a 30% decrease of weight for samples treated in an open flame for 25 min (in control sample).
Wood fracture caused by flame impact Sample number and composition Wood fracture, % (mass.)
Bending strength of Steel after flame impact Sample number and composition Bending strength of Steel, kN Composition of the flame retardant, pH-value 1H3PO3: 1NH4OH, pH ≤ 5.5 2H3PO3: 2NH4OH: 1CH4NO2, pH ≤ 5.5 1H3PO3: 8NH4OH, pH = 8.5 by flame impact for 10 min by flame impact for 25 min by flame impact for 10 min by flame impact for 25 min by flame impact for 10 min by flame impact for 25 min 1 wood-steel 1.12 1.3 1.11 1.3 1.10 1.30 2 wood-steel 1.2 1.33 1.18 1.35 1.2 1.33 3 wood-steel 1.00 1.15 1.05 1.2 1.10 1.2 4.1 wood-steel 1.15 1.30 1.14 1.32 1.15 1.34 4.2 wood-steel 1.20 1.35 1.22 1.36 1.20 1.35 4.3 wood-steel 1.05 1.2 1.00 1.21 1.05 1.2 5 wood-steel 1.00 1.15 1.02 1.17 1.01 1.13 Conclusions In a wood-steel composite, wood is the component most susceptible to destruction by flame.
[14] Petrycki, A. and Salem, O. (2019), "Structural fire performance of wood-steel-wood bolted connections with and without perpendicular-to-wood grain reinforcement", Journal of Structural Fire Engineering, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSFE-02-2019-0016 [15] Muhaned A.

Restraining measures The measures for restraining and eliminating stray lights in blue-green laser optical system are as follows: (1) The aperture diaphragm is in combination with VOF diaphragm and Lyot diaphragm to reduce the total numbers of key surface and the irradiated area, and then lessen the stray light radiation in optical system[7].
The dope can diffuse and absorb the stray lights by the rough surface and porosity, and the effect will be best if the grain dimension of dope is near the blue-green wavelength.

The general formula of mullite solid solution is AlVI2AlIV2+2x Si2-2xO10-x, where x (0.17 ≤ x ≤ 0.88, usually 0.17 ≤ x ≤ 0.59) is the number of oxygen atoms loss in the unit cell, the density of 3.11-3.26 g·cm-3 [1-3].
But a very little quantity and very fine crystal grain size of mullite formed at the time, mullite is not detected.

• The relations between operating variables of the different powder preparation methods and the characteristics of the resultant powder: grain size, shape, inter- and intragranular porosity, and hardness
This has been extremely useful for companies, owing to the great number of models that are being made and the reduction in production lot size, together with increasingly stringent end product quality requirements.

Especially the ancient timber structure not only has a unique structural system, but also a large number and beautiful shape.
Fig. 1 Ichnography Fig. 2 Profile Fig. 3 Beam44 element Fig. 4 Combin14 element Fig. 5 Combination spring unit element Fig. 6 Finite element model of temple Tab.1 Stiffness of node joint Stiffness Node type Mortise-tenon 113.3 127950 127950 296.7 Tou-kung 2197.3 127950 2197.3 296.7 Column foot 52 129750 52 / Tab.2 Material properties of timber Longitudinal Elastic modulus (Mpa) Radial and tangential Elastic modulus (Mpa) Arrange grain shear and radial Poisson’s ratio Cross-section Poisson’s ratio Tangential section and radial section Poisson’s ratio Tangential and longitudinal Shear modulus (Mpa) Longitudinal and radial Shear modulus (Mpa) Radial and Tangential Shear modulus (Mpa) 9702 1955 0.106 0.352 0.520 609 971 218 Analysis of the temple’s model Static analysis.