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Even if synthetic fertilizers are added, it is not possible to compensate the organic matters loss, which will further cause degradation of soil structure, a decline in cation exchange capacity, a decline in the capacity of soils to hold nutrients and water, and ultimately a decline in soil productivity [8].
Volumes of experiments proved that application of biochar to soil could bring beneficial effects including improving soil structure, increasing pH and CEC, reduction leaching of water and nutrients [9].
The stability of elements incorporated into the aromatic structure or organo-metal reactions [19] may affect nutrient availability.
Total P, total K, available N, available P, available K, were analyzed according to Routine Analysis Method for Soil Agricultural Chemistry edited by the Professional Committee of Agricultural Chemistry of Chinese Society for Soil Sciences (1989).
DGGE analysis of bacterial and fungal community structure Numbers of DGGE bands in all samples varied between 10 and 21 for bacterial profile, and which ranged from 5 to 13 for fungal profile.

An important feature of using metal AM processes in the automotive sector is fabricating complex lightweight structures.
Spence, "Evaluation of 3D Printing and its Potential Imapct on Biotechnology and the Chemical Sciences," Analytical Chemistry, vol. 86, pp. 3240-3253, 2014
Tiley, "Additive Manufacturing of Aerospace Alloys for Aircraft Structures," in Cost Effective Manufacture via Net-Shape Processing (RTO-MP-AVT-139), Neuilly-sur-Seine, France, 2006, pp. (3) 1-14
Koegel, "Qualifying of Metallic Materials and Structures for Aerospace Applications," JOM, vol. 53, pp. 16-18, 2001
Edmondson, "The Effect of Laser Remelting on the Surface Chemistry of Ti6al4V Components Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting," Journal of Materials Processing Technology, vol. 232, pp. 1-8, 2016

Also, it is safer and eco-friendly making it ideal for sustainable material processing and green chemistry applications [21].
Sample Filler Filler OA treatment (%) Filler to Polyethylene ratio Weight Loss after citric acid treatment (%) Corresponding citric acid-treated sample NE -- -- 0:100 0.01 ± 0.01 TE NE1 CC1 0.00 60:40 8.96 ± 0.54 TE 1 NE2 CC2 0.50 60:40 7.88 ± 0.23 TE 2 NE3 CC3 1.50 60:40 7.84 ± 0.16 TE 3 Crystalline structure of CC and composites X-ray diffraction analysis revealed the characteristic structures of PE and CC [33-35].
This observation indicates that while OA altered the surface properties of CC, it did not significantly affect the crystalline structures of the composite materials [39].
These results show that surface chemistry and porosity influence the water interaction behavior of the composites. 96.65 o 84.50 o 94.35 o NE NE 1 NE 3 TE TE 1 TE 3 90.55 o 64.60 o 74.10 o Fig. 8.
Wan, Polymer composites with high thermal conductivity: Theory, simulation, structure and interfacial regulation, Prog.

Preparation, Microstructure and Application of Sulfuric Acid Activated Fly Ash Photocatalyst Man-de Qiu , Yong-qing Zhai, Guo-yi Bai, Feng Peng (College of Chemistry and Environmental Science，Hebei University，Baoding 071002，People’s Republic of China） email: pych1@hbu.edu.cn; hbuqmd@sina.cn Keywords: Fly Ash；Modification；Microstructure；Photocatalyst；Degradation Abstract.
Furthermore, the influence of the structure and the major element on the photocatalytic property was also discussed to obtain more regularity so as to offer theoretical basis for the fine chemicals and comprehensive utilization of the fly ash in future.
On the one hand, there is a corresponding chemical reaction of the free inorganic composition with acid, consequently, fly ash particles in the formation process of the inherent surface act out; on the other hand, acid damage silicon aluminium vitreous structure of particles surface and lead to the bond of surface Si-O and Al-O tetrahedron structure flabby and fractured with soluble SiO2 and Al2O3 increasing and forming new cavities, thereby the specific surface area of modified fly ash increases.
The specific surface area, phase, micro-structure of modified fly ash by sulfuric acid were all changed greatly.
The results proved sulfuric acid could destroy silicon aluminium vitreous network structure of fly ash and Si-O, Al-O.

Effect of chemical composition of steel on the structure of hot – Dip galvanized coating.
The structure of coatings obtained in the Zn-31Al-3Mg bath by the batch hot dip method.
The structure of coatings obtained in the Zn-31Al-3Mg bath by the batch hot dip method.
Corrosion Investigation of coatings on mild Steel substrate exposed to various corrosive environments, Malaysian Journal of Chemistry, 9, 040050
Effect of different galvanized coatings on the materials structure of conversion layers.

The development of low-carbon industries in Jiangxi Province should improve the industrial chain and industrial structure of the high-carbon economic development model.
Second, it must adjust the high-carbon industrial structure and gradually reduce the proportion of the high-carbon industries especially heavy and chemical industries in the national economy.
Ultimately the national economy and industrial structure is gradually becoming low-carbon economy.
So it must promote structure optimization of the services industry.
The construction of low-carbon industrial system should be combined the low-carbon economic development with industrial structure adjustment optimization and energy conservation and emission reduction.

In a substitutional solid solution BB', there is a random arrangement of B and B' on equivalent lattice positions in the crystal structure.
Upon suitable heat treatment, the random solid solution rearranges into a structure in which B and B' occupy the same set of positions but in a regular way, such a structure is described as superstructure.
Based on above discussion we have now indexed the XRD peaks of Ba2AlWO5.5as an ordered complex cubic perovskite with A2BB'O6 crystal structure.
Presence of superstructural lines in the XRD spectra reveal that Ba2AlWO5.5 have an ordered complex cubic perovskite structure.
Wells, Structural Inorganic Chemistry, 5th ed.

Titanium hydride powders (100-150 µm, Merck) play the role as precursor for TiO2 in-situ reinforcement synthesis as well as blowing agent for the cellular structure processing during the sintering treatment.
The most responsable blowing agents of this reaction are TiH2 and CaCO3 and the obtained porous structure seems to be able to absorb up to 8% strain the maximum compaction stress of about 40 MPa [30, 31].
This aspect may be explained by the more compact structure of the n-series samples, as it is presented by the 2n samples.
Shen, Transparent hydroxyapatite ceramics with nanograin structure prepared by high pressure spark plasma sintering at the minimized sintering temperature, J.
Tanasescu, Microstructure, stability and biocompatibility of hydroxyapatite-titania nanocomposites formed by two-step sintering process, Arabian Journal of Chemistry, available online 9 February 2017 [35] D.

These problems are caused by the helmet designers and producers who did not perform a systematic analysis and experiment on the structure and size of various parts of the helmet based on the physical parameters and customs of firefighters [3].
Analysis on shape and structure of forest fire helmet.
If only the brim helmet has reasonable internal device structure and proper hanging space, the center of gravity can also make the overall stability of the helmet.
The main part of helmet’s weight is the shell, so improve the helmet materials structure and technology can reduce weight and increase comfort.
Evaluation opinions from the aspects of shape, structure, material, safety, comfort and so on have put forward.

XRD was done to characterize and compare the crystal structure of the three types of cellulose.
These are indicative of the cellulose I structure and confirm all three samples are indeed cellulose.
The bottom layer was scored to give access to the internal structure (Fig. 5a) and it was found that the nanofibrils are abundant and multidirectional.
While XRD revealed similar structures among all of them, FTIR shows there is a slight chemical difference due to residual sulfur content in extracted sample.
Sustainable Chemistry and Pharmacy, 20, 100404. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scp.2021.100404