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The engine oil evaluations include physical properties, wear and contaminant content and engine oil dilution.
The samples were analyzed for various physicochemical properties such as biodiesel/diesel/water content, oxidation stability and others (Table 1).
Viscosity is one of the important properties of lubricating oil.
These acidic materials can then increase the corrosion factor and reduce the lubricating oil service life.
Zdrodrowski et al., Effect of biodiesel (B20) on vehicle-aged engine oil properties, SAE Tech.

Performances of cast steels are highly relative to fabrication technologies, e.g. the air cavities shapes and sizes were greatly affected by the cast cooling velocity and the wear resistance of high Cr cast steel was mostly relative to the austenite content [3].
Mechanical properties are around 188 GPa for Young's modulus, 254 MPa 0.2% proof strength, 453 MPa ultimate tensile strength, 26 % elongation, and 45 % reduction of area.
Another is the transferring factor kT defined below CPCPT BHk −−= (10) By the probabilistic S-N curves in the mid-long life regime, the average fatigue strength sa,avT and the strength sa, TP-C at P-C level at transition point �T can be evaluated by, respectively av avT avTa, lg lg B A� − =σ ; CP CP CP B A� − − − − = T Ta, lg lgσ (11) Combining Eqs. (10) and (11), parameters �T and kT can be obtained ( ) CP CPCP CP CP BB ssBBBABA � − − −−− − − − − − − = av av1 1 av avav T lg lg lg ; ( )a,avTav1av T1 T lglg lglg ssB �� k − − = − − (12) When the parameters �T and kT are available, the statistical parameters Gav, Hav, Grms, Hrms, GP-C and HP-C can be evaluated as aLav avL av lg lg sH�G −= ; avTav BkH = ; ( ) [ ]srs1 av rms 112 1 nsntGG Z G CCP P +−−−= −− ; P CP Z HH H −− = avrms ; CPCP CP sH�G − − − −= aL L lg lg ; CP CP BkH − − = T (13) The S-N curves including SLLR can be determined as

The aluminum alloys have many outstanding mechanical properties and high weight-strength ratio.
It demonstrated that the returning flows during the MIG weld-brazing process was the significant factor in formation of the lack of fusion (LOF).
The grain size of the fusion zone is affected by the welding process.

Materials properties become a function of their size and shape at 1-100 nm scale due to strong quantum mechanical effects, including surface effects.
Grain boundaries play a major role in nanomaterials, and strongly affect properties and processing.
It is reported that particular InGaN QW heterostructure designs enabled significantly reduced voltages and ideality factors in InGaN LEDs.
This phenomenon is a severe problem affecting predominantly high-power light-emitting diodes (LEDs) and semiconductor injection lasers, both of which operate at inherently high current densities.
Gleiter, Nanocrystalline intermetallic compounds--structure and mechanical properties, Mater.

Recent work has shown that the key factor in achieving optimum strength and extrudability is the correct "balance" of Mg and Si available to form MgXSi precipitates, with x close to 1, during heat treatment [4].
The study and characterisation of the type, stoichiometry and Mg and Si content of intermetallic phases is therefore of direct interest to the design of 6000 series alloys for optimum mechanical properties and extrudability.
For smaller particles, the surrounding matrix can affect the measured particle composition if the activation volume extends beyond the particle.

Method of microstresses evaluation In the present study, the microstresses of two kinds affect X-ray diffraction.
Discussion Since the texture is shown not to influence significantly the interphase stress behaviour, the main controlling factor is the evolution of pearlite microstructure.
Zolotorevsky (1974), Mechanical Testing and Properties of metals: Moscow, Metallurgia, p. 159-162. 5.

In this respect, the safety concerns are the most important factor in the operation of the subway system as the public transportation.
Among several areas of the operation of the subway system, the safety of subway vehicle itself is of important because the rolling stocks carry the passengers, and the safety and reliability of rolling stocks are directly affected for the safety of subway passengers.
According to Korean Metropolitan Railroad Law, the loading condition for the horizontal compressive testing is as follows, Horizontal Compressive Load = (Empty Car Body Weight + Passenger Weight - Bogie Weight - Bareframe Weight) + Compressive Load = (33 ton + 20 ton - 12 ton - 11.7 ton) + 50 ton = Vertical Load (29.3 ton) + Compressive Load (50 ton) (1) The material of subway car body was mild steel (SS400) for the structural analysis, the mechanical properties of SS400 were as follows; the yield strength of 245.2 MPa and the tensile strength of 402.1 MPa, respectively.

The Influence of Steel Cover Thickness on Ballistic Performance of Confined TiC-TiB2 Ceramic Tiles Against the Impact of Long-Rod Tungsten Alloy Penetrator of 1.4 km · s-1 Chuanzeng Pan a, Zhongmin Zhao b, Long Zhang and Jing Zhang Department of Vehicle and Electric Engineering, Mechanical Engineering College, Shijiazhuang 050003, China a pan.chz@163.com, bzhao_zhongmin@163.net Keywords: TiC-TiB2 ceramic armor, DOP test; cover plate; ballistic performance Abstract.
There have been a number of investigations to utilize the high compressive strength and low density properties of ceramics for designing lightweight armor.
These mechanisms may be affected by the rigidity of the armor module, the constraints introduced by the mounting systems, and the design of the backing layer [5].
As the Mescall zone in the ceramic target was rather concentrated around the penetrator, the resistance to comminuting had been identified as a significant factor governing the ballistic performance of this ceramic tile, and the primary mechanism for defeating the long-rod penetrator was erosion.

Influence of Yield Strength of Ti-Alloy Liner on Crater Diameter Formed by Shaped Charge Jet Penetration Jian Guo1,2,a, Yong He2,b*, Qiangqiang Xiao2,c, Zhengxiang Huang2,d, Yaping Tan2,e 1Office of Science and Technology Research, Nanjing 210094, Jiangsu, China 2School of Mechanical Engineering, Nanjing, China a64417300@qq.com, b*yhe1964@njust.edu.cn, cxiao_wawj@njust.edu.cn, dhuangyue@mail.njust.edu.cn, etanyaping420@163.com Keywords: shaped charge (SC); yield strength of liner; crater diameter; concrete target Abstract: In order to study influence of yield strength of liner on aperture diameter when liner material has high strength, the initial aperture and final aperture diameter were analyzed by considering yield strength of liner material.
Introduction For tandem penetrating battle, the aperture diameter of the forward SC is the key factor which affects whether the later projectile following successfully and the following penetration ability of the later projectile.
With the increasing requirement of aperture diameter of SC, low density Ti alloy material [28-30] is applied to liner manufacturing, Ti alloy material has many properties such as low density, high strength, part of the titanium alloy material yield strength can even reach to GPa.

This technique is used to cure the cancer affected cells [10].
These in turn depend on the physical properties of the medium.
Molecular Communication, Courtesy: School of Information and Computer Science, University of California, Irvine Data Communication Comparison factor Molecular Communication Electrical/optical signals Carriers Chemical signals Wires, airborne Environment Aqueous High speed (3 × 105 km/s) and Long range (m-km) Communication Characteristics Slow (10-1 km/s) and short Range (nm-m) High accuracy and high energy consumption System Characteristics Low accuracy due to stochastic Nature, and energy efficient.
The experiment done by DoCoMo has confirmed the feasibility of a proposed delivery system to transport specific molecules using artificially synthesized DNAs and chemically energized motor proteins, which is typically found in muscles and nerve cells, which are capable of moving autonomously by converting chemical energy into mechanical work [32].