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Although many researchers have investigated the mechanism of fracture propagation in rock with numerical methods and laboratory experiment [1-5], it is well known that rock mass is composed of various of grains, microcracks and holes, which is regarded as the most complicated material in nature for the tectonic evolution of the earth.
It was observed that subjected to uniaxial compressive loading, a large number of isolated microfractures inducted from the heterogeneity of rock and some of them from the tip of pre-existing flaw, and it is difficult to predict where the microfractures initiate from the dispersion characteristic of AE events in this stage (Fig. 4a,5a).
The microfractures begin to localize in this stage, and the number of microfractures sites (AE events) indicates that microfractures interaction can cause microfractures to propagate and coalesce, as a consequence, the so called wing crack is formed.

When this precipitation exceeded the number of nuclei, multi-angular orientation building blocks will grow on substrates.
A three-dimensional growth along their axis from the limited number of nuclei will generate star-like flower structures [14].
The changes from yellow-green to orange emission was also attributed to oxygen defects and defects that took place at boundary layers of nanocrystalline grains [20, 21].

The mortar mix has been made using Portland cement (grade OPC 400 D-0) and sand with grain sizes up to 1,25 [mm], in the ratio cement/sand=1/3; the powdery polymer additive (polyoxyethylene) in the amount of 1 [%] of dry mortar mass has been added to the dry mix of cement and sand.
Sun, Fatigue performance and multiscale mechanisms of concrete toughened by polymers and waste rubbe, Advances in Materials Science and Engineering. 2014 (2014) Article number 684207
Hasan, Use of epoxidized natural rubber as a toughening agent in plastics, Journal of Applied Polymer Science. 132 (29) (2015) Article number 42270

Despite a number of advantages that PLA has, it has one drawback - the high price.
However, now when considering the PLA market, it becomes obvious that its production is carried out by companies that process natural raw materials, which are a source of carbohydrates: corn, sugar cane and beets, grain crops, as well as companies that produce primary raw materials for the food and feed industry.
Despite a number of advantages that the PLA has, it has one major drawback - the high price.

The total number of grids is 164*81.
The small grids nested therein are encrypted, with a minimum spacing of 20m and a total grid number of 276*120.
The median grain size is approximately 0.007. -0.11mm, the largest particle size is about 0.07mm, and the particle size is relatively uniform.

Today, there are quite a number of methods suitable for the deposition of PbS films, including the ion successive ionic layer adsorbtion and reaction (SILAR) [10,15], vapour deposition (PVD) [8], pulsed laser deposition [16], electrodeposition [17], spray pyrolysis [18].
In literature, there is a large number of publications discussing the problems of doping lead sulphide films with Cd2+.
In article [6], it has found that the doped lead sulfide films synthesized from the plumbing reaction mixture have a dense, crack-free and more compact microstructure than the undoped PbS, with the average grain size increasing with an increase in the concentration of cadmium salt in the reaction bath.

This one is depending on the number of atoms to be bound.
In material science, lattice defects comprise shiftings, inclusions, stacking faults, and grain boundaries [12].
Thus, all the production processes of DIN 8580 can be reduced to one or a number of model concepts to evaluate these production processes energetically.

SEM based analysis revealed that the atmosphere-oxide interface is composed of a TiO2/Al2O3 substrate and sporadically adsorbed entities that contain boron, nitrogen and oxygen (with [B] > [N]); which suggests that they are un-oxidised h-BN grains enveloped by a layer of B2O3, consistent with the oxidation model described by Hou et al. [1].
A number of variables were then introduced with a view to understanding their influence on tool life.
It was apparent that the surface finish deteriorated after the first sample with d increasing almost linearly with consecutive sample number suggesting that scale formation is cumulative throughout a production run.

As a result of Mo enrichment, the average atomic number of σ phase was obviously greater than ferrite and austenite phase, so the brightness of σ phase was the largest and with white color.
The higher Mo content and Si content was, the easier the diffusion of a large number of Mo and Si atoms was in ferrite, which created conditions for the nucleation of σ-phase [22-24].
Santos, Effect of aging temperature and time on secondary phase precipitation and texture in an ultrafine grained 2205 duplex stainless steel after cold rolling, Mater.

C. acetobutylicum ATCC 824 was used to inoculate the medium based on hydrolysate containing 94 % (vol/vol) treated or untreated hydrolysates as the carbohydrate source and 6 % (vol/vol) brewer's grain as a source of growth substances.
However, for a successful detoxification of lignocellulosic hydrolysates it is necessary to observe a number of conditions, including specific intensity of aeration, which provides the content of oxygen 80-85 % of the saturating concentration prior to the introduction portion of toxic substances.
For more effective detoxification it is necessary to observe a number of standard conditions with periodic regeneration of the activated sludge.