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Online since: July 2015
Authors: Mohamad Nidzam Rahmat, Muhammad Redzwan Raffe, Norsalisma Ismail
Iron oxides present in the composition coated and bound the clay particles together [Eisazadeh et. al, 2012].
Table 1: Oxide Composition of Materials Oxide Composition LC (a) CD (b) PC (c) HL (d) GGBS (e) WPSA (f) CaO - 4.78 65.0 74.23 41.42 55.87 SiO2 21.55 61.43 20.1 0.14 34.65 15.16 Al2O3 24.31 19.13 4.9 0.11 13.76 6.06 Fe2O3 29.4 3.29 2.5 0.17 1.43 1.11 MgO - 1.22 3.1 0.74 7.51 2.00 SO3 3.98 0.14 2.3 - 0.55 0.78 K2O 0.11 1.04 0.4 - 0.37 0.34 Na2O 0.07 2.17 0.2 - 0.13 0.19 CaSO4 - - - 0.12 - - P2O5 16.71 - <0.9 0.08 - 0.48 TiO2 - 0.96 0.2 - - 0.45 CO2 3.65 - - - - - LOI - 5.76 1.3 24.35 - 17.51 Sources: (a) Eisazadeh et. al, [2012], (b) Abd El-Ghafour [2010], (c) Ng et. al, [2012], (d) Saeed et. al, [2012], (e) Sobia et. al, (2013), (f) Sharipudin et. al, [2012] c) Specimen Preparation Standard Proctor compaction tests in accordance with BS 1377 (1990) were conducted to establish values of the optimum moisture content (OMC) to be used for the preparation of soil specimens.
According to Walker [1997] and Norvell et. al [2007] clay content in the soil affects the rate of water absorption, as well as porosity and well recognised in their ability to absorb water and swell.
Weng et. al, [2003] stressed that; the capacity of water absorption is directly proportional to the amount and size of apparent porosity.
Chemical, Nuclear, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering7(2), pp 103-108 [3] Abd El-Ghafour (2010), Making Green Building Units By Using Some Wastes of Ceramic Industry
Table 1: Oxide Composition of Materials Oxide Composition LC (a) CD (b) PC (c) HL (d) GGBS (e) WPSA (f) CaO - 4.78 65.0 74.23 41.42 55.87 SiO2 21.55 61.43 20.1 0.14 34.65 15.16 Al2O3 24.31 19.13 4.9 0.11 13.76 6.06 Fe2O3 29.4 3.29 2.5 0.17 1.43 1.11 MgO - 1.22 3.1 0.74 7.51 2.00 SO3 3.98 0.14 2.3 - 0.55 0.78 K2O 0.11 1.04 0.4 - 0.37 0.34 Na2O 0.07 2.17 0.2 - 0.13 0.19 CaSO4 - - - 0.12 - - P2O5 16.71 - <0.9 0.08 - 0.48 TiO2 - 0.96 0.2 - - 0.45 CO2 3.65 - - - - - LOI - 5.76 1.3 24.35 - 17.51 Sources: (a) Eisazadeh et. al, [2012], (b) Abd El-Ghafour [2010], (c) Ng et. al, [2012], (d) Saeed et. al, [2012], (e) Sobia et. al, (2013), (f) Sharipudin et. al, [2012] c) Specimen Preparation Standard Proctor compaction tests in accordance with BS 1377 (1990) were conducted to establish values of the optimum moisture content (OMC) to be used for the preparation of soil specimens.
According to Walker [1997] and Norvell et. al [2007] clay content in the soil affects the rate of water absorption, as well as porosity and well recognised in their ability to absorb water and swell.
Weng et. al, [2003] stressed that; the capacity of water absorption is directly proportional to the amount and size of apparent porosity.
Chemical, Nuclear, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering7(2), pp 103-108 [3] Abd El-Ghafour (2010), Making Green Building Units By Using Some Wastes of Ceramic Industry
Online since: November 2025
Authors: Haci Baykara, Carolina Massay, Mauricio Cornejo
A similar research was conducted by Suresh et al. [30] to impute missing data using ML models.
Pedregosa et al., “Scikit-learn: Machine Learning in Python,” Journal of Machine Learning Research, vol. 12, pp. 2825–2830, 2011
El Achaby, “Micro- and nano-celluloses derived from hemp stalks and their effect as polymer reinforcing materials,” Carbohydr Polym, vol. 245, Oct. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116506
El Achaby, Z.
El Achaby, Y.
Pedregosa et al., “Scikit-learn: Machine Learning in Python,” Journal of Machine Learning Research, vol. 12, pp. 2825–2830, 2011
El Achaby, “Micro- and nano-celluloses derived from hemp stalks and their effect as polymer reinforcing materials,” Carbohydr Polym, vol. 245, Oct. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116506
El Achaby, Z.
El Achaby, Y.
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Jian Guo Yang, Ling Long Ding, Qing Xia Wang
Abd El-Hafez [6] Implemented an experimental analysis to mechanical properties and welding power of friction stirred AA2024-T35 Joints.
FSW of Al alloys may provide high join efficiency in such structures but potential FSW defects must be understood.
Table 1 The chemical composition of Al-alloy AA6061-T6 Chemical composition by weight Mg Si Fe Cu Mn Ti Al 1.06 0.69 0.7 0.15 0.15 0.25 Bal The non-threaded tool is made of hot work die steel H13 which is treated by hardening and tempering processes, where the hardness is increased to 49 HRC.
Thomas et. al.
Abd El-Hafez, Mechanical Properties and Welding Power of Friction Stirred AA2024-T35 Joints.
FSW of Al alloys may provide high join efficiency in such structures but potential FSW defects must be understood.
Table 1 The chemical composition of Al-alloy AA6061-T6 Chemical composition by weight Mg Si Fe Cu Mn Ti Al 1.06 0.69 0.7 0.15 0.15 0.25 Bal The non-threaded tool is made of hot work die steel H13 which is treated by hardening and tempering processes, where the hardness is increased to 49 HRC.
Thomas et. al.
Abd El-Hafez, Mechanical Properties and Welding Power of Friction Stirred AA2024-T35 Joints.
Online since: February 2011
Authors: Sheng Ming Jin, Zhi Mei Xia, Cui Feng Wan, Mo Tang Tang
The Zn and Al content were varied from 5.0 to 25.0 wt.% and 1.0 to 4.0 at.% respectively.
Fig.2 shows the effects of the Al content on the resistivity of Zn-coated T-ZnOW.
The minimum resistivity is 1520 Ω·cm when Al content is 2.0 at.% in Zn-coated T-ZnOW powders.
Wan et al reported that T-ZnOW powders treated by Al2O3 thermally in Zn vapor could form Al-doped T-ZnOW[10].
El Manouni, F.J.
Fig.2 shows the effects of the Al content on the resistivity of Zn-coated T-ZnOW.
The minimum resistivity is 1520 Ω·cm when Al content is 2.0 at.% in Zn-coated T-ZnOW powders.
Wan et al reported that T-ZnOW powders treated by Al2O3 thermally in Zn vapor could form Al-doped T-ZnOW[10].
El Manouni, F.J.
Online since: July 2017
Authors: Anna Timoszyk, Joanna Niedbach, Paulina Śliżewska, Agnieszka Mirończyk, Jacek J. Kozioł
Kumar et al. observed antibacterial activity only against S. aureus [42].
Balagurunathan et al. and Shamaila et al. reported good antibacterial activity of GNPs against both S. aureus and E. coli [40,41].
El-Sayed, Gold nanoparticles: optical properties and implementations in cancer diagnosis and photothermal therapy, J.
Abd El-Aziz, Y.
El-Magdoub, Biosynthesis of Au nanoparticles using olive leaf extract, Arab.
Balagurunathan et al. and Shamaila et al. reported good antibacterial activity of GNPs against both S. aureus and E. coli [40,41].
El-Sayed, Gold nanoparticles: optical properties and implementations in cancer diagnosis and photothermal therapy, J.
Abd El-Aziz, Y.
El-Magdoub, Biosynthesis of Au nanoparticles using olive leaf extract, Arab.
Online since: May 2010
Authors: Yu Liu, Xian Zheng Gong, Zhi Hong Wang, Bo Xue Sun, Zuo-Ren Nie
For the elements contained in the lithosphere, the exergy of reference species in lithosphere can be
determined by means of the following expression:
0
ln in
qiEx RT x= −
(7)
1
in o el i o
i
x n c M
l
=
(8)
Where R is ideal gas constant, T is absolute temperature, xin is mole fraction, li number of atoms of the
element in the molecule of the reference species i present in the lithosphere, noel is the mean molar
concentration in the external layer of Earth's crust of elements, Mo is the mean molecular mass of the
external layer of Earth's crust.
138.7 138.6 Ne 27.14 27.19 Ce 1054.7 1054.6 Pr 963.9 963.8 Ar 11.64 11.69 Co 313.4 312.0 Pt 141.2 141.0 Kr 34.3 34.36 Cr 584.4 584.3 Pu 1100.1 1100.0 Xe 40.27 40.33 Cu 132.6 132.5 Ra 824.2 823.9 K 366.7 366.6 Dy 976.0 975.9 Re 559.6 559.5 As 492.6 494.6 Er 972.8 972.8 Rh 179.7 179.7 Bi 274.8 274.5 Eu 1003.8 1003.8 Ru 318.6 318.6 B 628.1 628.5 F2 505.8 504.9 Sb 438.2 438.1 Br2 101 101.2 Fe 374.3 374.3 Sc 925.3 925.2 Cs 404.6 404.4 Ga 515.0 514.9 Si 855.0 854.9 I2 175.7 174.7 Gd 969.0 969.0 Sm 993.7 993.6 Li 392.7 393.0 Ge 557.7 557.6 Sn 551.8 551.9 Mo 731.3 730.3 Hf 1063.1 1062.9 Sr 749.8 749.8 Na 336.7 336.6 Hg 107.9 108.0 Ta 974.1 974.0 P 861.3 861.4 Ho 978.7 978.6 Tb 998.5 998.4 Rb 388.7 388.6 In 436.9 436.8 Te 329.3 329.2 S 609.3 609.6 Ir 247.0 246.8 Th 1202.7 1202.6 Se 347.5 346.5 La 994.7 994.6 Ti 907.2 907.2 W 828.5 827.5 Lu 945.8 945.7 Tm 951.8 951.7 Cl2 123.7 123.6 Mg 626.9 626.1 U 1196.6 1196.6 Ag 99.3 99.4 Mn 487.7 482.0 V 721.3 720.4 Al
The chemical composition of pure mineral is unchangeable, so the calculation of the pure minerals' exergy can use the relation between compounds and elements, it is expressed as: [12] 0 0 , ch el ch el f el Ex n e G = + ∆∑ (9) Where Exch is the exergy of compounds, nel is the number of moles, ech is the exergy of elements, and ∆G is the standard mole Gibbs's free energy of formation of substance.
Guinée, et al.
138.7 138.6 Ne 27.14 27.19 Ce 1054.7 1054.6 Pr 963.9 963.8 Ar 11.64 11.69 Co 313.4 312.0 Pt 141.2 141.0 Kr 34.3 34.36 Cr 584.4 584.3 Pu 1100.1 1100.0 Xe 40.27 40.33 Cu 132.6 132.5 Ra 824.2 823.9 K 366.7 366.6 Dy 976.0 975.9 Re 559.6 559.5 As 492.6 494.6 Er 972.8 972.8 Rh 179.7 179.7 Bi 274.8 274.5 Eu 1003.8 1003.8 Ru 318.6 318.6 B 628.1 628.5 F2 505.8 504.9 Sb 438.2 438.1 Br2 101 101.2 Fe 374.3 374.3 Sc 925.3 925.2 Cs 404.6 404.4 Ga 515.0 514.9 Si 855.0 854.9 I2 175.7 174.7 Gd 969.0 969.0 Sm 993.7 993.6 Li 392.7 393.0 Ge 557.7 557.6 Sn 551.8 551.9 Mo 731.3 730.3 Hf 1063.1 1062.9 Sr 749.8 749.8 Na 336.7 336.6 Hg 107.9 108.0 Ta 974.1 974.0 P 861.3 861.4 Ho 978.7 978.6 Tb 998.5 998.4 Rb 388.7 388.6 In 436.9 436.8 Te 329.3 329.2 S 609.3 609.6 Ir 247.0 246.8 Th 1202.7 1202.6 Se 347.5 346.5 La 994.7 994.6 Ti 907.2 907.2 W 828.5 827.5 Lu 945.8 945.7 Tm 951.8 951.7 Cl2 123.7 123.6 Mg 626.9 626.1 U 1196.6 1196.6 Ag 99.3 99.4 Mn 487.7 482.0 V 721.3 720.4 Al
The chemical composition of pure mineral is unchangeable, so the calculation of the pure minerals' exergy can use the relation between compounds and elements, it is expressed as: [12] 0 0 , ch el ch el f el Ex n e G = + ∆∑ (9) Where Exch is the exergy of compounds, nel is the number of moles, ech is the exergy of elements, and ∆G is the standard mole Gibbs's free energy of formation of substance.
Guinée, et al.
Online since: May 2015
Authors: Li Zhu Liu, Ling Weng, Hui Shi, Yuan Yuan Li, Wie Wei Cui
N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMAc) was analytical grade and purchased from Tianjin Basifu Chemic al Co.
Song, et al, Fabrication and Characterization of Polyimide/AlN Nanocomposite Films, Polym.
Tie, et al, Preparation and Corona Resistant of Polyimide/TiO2 Nanocomposite Films, J.
Cui, et al, Preparation and properties study of PI/SiO2-Al2O3 films by sol-gel progress, Polym.
AND EL.
Song, et al, Fabrication and Characterization of Polyimide/AlN Nanocomposite Films, Polym.
Tie, et al, Preparation and Corona Resistant of Polyimide/TiO2 Nanocomposite Films, J.
Cui, et al, Preparation and properties study of PI/SiO2-Al2O3 films by sol-gel progress, Polym.
AND EL.