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The required amount of fluid for surface film for pipe transportation is given by: (1) Where: —volume of surface film liquid in one hour (m3/h) —volume of material delivered in one hour (m3/h) —surface film thickness between material and pipe wall (m) —diameter of transmission pipeline (m) — delivery distance(m) —Permeability coefficient of the material be delivered (m/h) — number of propellers (Nos) Non-continuous column fluid pneumatic conveying method:It does not mean long distance transportation can be reached that having overcome the viscousity on the wall and reduced the resistance of mud column in the pipeline.
In addition they are used in lake dredging, port and waterway dredging, and ceramic grain production, with considerable economic benefits. 100m3/h pneumatic driving mud transmission boat.

Al–20Mg2Si alloys show fast grain refinement response to the addition of this master alloy.
Jones, Effect of solidification cooling rate on the morphology and number per unit volume of primary Mg2Si particles in a hypereutectic Al–Mg–Si alloy, Metall.

The machined layer thickness is taken to mean the reduced thickness of machined shaving of metal which in fact is determined by the parameters of the uncountable set of micro-shavings removed by the elementary grains of the grinding wheel at the current moment [3, 7].
In a number of cases, with an accuracy that is sufficient for engineering calculations, it is advisable to retain in the approximating relations for the transmittance (30) the first segment of splitting of the function into a Padé series [4, 5], and then the transmittance (30), after the transformations, is reduced to the form of typical dynamic elements, as in the case of turning.

This is due to the coarsening of the ceramic grains of the fibres [[] M.
The number and size of the pores has decreased due to the longer sintering time.

It brings many advantages, such as testing on specimens with a round cross-section (obtained from current structure by core drilling), compact dimensions enabling production of large number of specimens (from the same volume of material as the beam for three-point bending), appropriate adjustments of angle and size of the loading wedge (and thus varying the ratio between vertical pressure and splitting force).
Keršner, in: Modelling of modified compact tension test of fine-grained cement based concrete specimens using FEM software, Key Engineering Materials, vol. 754 (2017), p. 329–332. doi:10.4028/www.scienti_c.net/KEM.754.329 [7] H.N.

As shown in Fig. 3, the microstructure of quench hardening is a two-phase structure consisting of martensite and nodular black fine pearlite along the grain boundary of the white matrix of the martensite.
where N is the number of revolutions and ε0 is the axial compressive strain with respect to the maximum enlargement ratio (Df /D0).

Number of plane Planes Peak position 2θ [°] FWHM [°] Dp [nm] Daverage [nm] 1 111 38.129 0.21583 47.27 54.00±5.56 2 200 44.316 0.21485 48.46 3 220 64.469 0.21142 53.92 4 311 77.431 0.208921 59.15 5 222 81.576 0.208054 61.21 Fig.2.
Lavernia, On the analysis of grain size in bulk nanocrystalline materials via x-ray diffraction, Metall.

The thermal cycling process was repeated until a preset number of 30 cycles was completed.
For the Yb2SiO5 and Yb2Si2O7 coatings, the aging stresses were formed due to the phase transformations from amorphous phase into crystals and the growth of grains.

Studies have suggested that these antimicrobial agents exhibit selective toxicity to Streptococci, so their incorporation could help to prevent demineralization of the enamel without compromising their mechanical properties. [10, 13] However, some studies indicated that these antimicrobial agents might reduce bond strength, which may cause compromise in orthodontic treatment. [12, 15] However, the number of studies and information about the microbiological effects are still limited. [16] Zinc has been used as an antimicrobial agent, where it has been added to mouth rinses and toothpaste to control dental plaque, inhibit calculus formation and reduce halitosis [17] due to its ability to inhibit cariogenic bacterial growth. [18] Bioactive glasses are alkaline glasses which are composed of SiO2, CaO, Na2O and P2O5.
On the dissolution/reaction of small-grain Bioglass® 45S5 and F-modified bioactive glasses in artificial saliva (AS).

θsinkx,y,z=i=1nAi4πκRiTm-T0hTi-T0+εσ(Ti4-T04) (4) where i denotes the index of the heat sink, n denotes the total number of heat sinks, Ri is the distance from the heat sink location.
Analytical modeling of machining forces of ultra-fine-grained titanium.