Search results

However, among the large number of atoms used to obtain doped C60 films, only Mg-doped C60 films exhibit semiconducting properties.
It is observed that the crystal grains become smaller with Mg doping.

The average grain size determined from SEM is about 8 nm.
The number and the mobility of electrons will be increased and thus are getting high mobility of electrons towards the ZnSe QDs layer [14, 15].

Since aluminum is spherical particle shape, a sheet-like alumina particles, the alumina during compounding may be connected together, but with the increase in the number of aluminum powder, alumina balls collision when mixing alumina powder enhanced, resulting in the original alumina powder was separated again joined together, moldability deteriorates.
Moreover, the pressure increases, the degree of preferred orientation of the grains is increased, there will be localized severe flaws, it is not dense.

After 1 day, 3 days, and 7 days of culturing, the cell number was determined using a cell counting kit (Cell Counting Kit - 8, Sigma-Aldrich, USA) in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions.
Zhao, et. al., Grain size and reversible beta-to-omega phase transformation in a Ti alloy, Scripta Materialia 63 (2010) 613-616

The normal moveout of the common reflection point can be got from the curve of common shot reflected wave as follows: (2) Therefore, after the normal moveout correction during data processing, the common reflection point of hyperbolic distance curve is adjusted to a straight line, and then a number of superimposition is added.
Under the same excitation conditions, waveform characteristics including the visual cycle, the number of phases, envelope shape, amplitude ratio between the extreme values of the same reflecting interface are relatively stable due to small differences of the propagation path and dielectric properties.
Fault Identification Mark The lateral variation of the reflected wave lineups is an important symbol faults, which can be judged according to the followings: a apparent dislocation of reflected wave lineups; b sudden increase or decrease of the number of reflected wave phase axis or disappearance of wave lineups; sudden change of wave group intervals due to thicker subsiding strata and thinner rising strata or even absence of it; c mutation of reflected wave lineups shape; d forking, merging, distorting, and phase shifting of reflected standard wave lineups; e appearance of diffracted waves and fault wave etc; f Fault wave is of great significance for determination of the existence of fault.
Also the link state between mineral or lithic grains change from crystalline link or cementation link into hydrocolloid links which is more loosely, causing longer wave propagation time and lower wave velocity.
Lithology name Cone Penetration/ Standard Penetration Stress number Uniaxial saturation Compression strength [MPa] Longitudinal vave velocity [m/s] macadam Fully weathered tuff Highly weathered tuff 13* Moderately weathered tuff 3380 Slightly weathered tuff Note: Make a judgement on rock features and rock mass quality according to surrounding rock integrity and hardness.

Conventional machining operations with either a tool of defined geometry or abrasive grains of undefined geometry are the most widespread to finish AM parts, even if they may not be suitable for finishing hidden zones, enclosed features, very small corners, or lattice structures.
Even if a reduced number of layers was shown to lead to a better quality of the claddings, their machinability was negatively affected since the higher the number of the layers the higher the cutting forces and the worse the surface integrity (see Figure 2).
Tool wear was evaluated at increasing number of drilled holes and related to the hole quality.
Rech, On the influence of laser cladding parameters and number of deposited layers on as-built and machined H13 tool steel multilayered claddings.

In the last decades a considerable numbers of economists and social policy theorists challenged the dominant intellectual paradigm in economic sciences, i.e. the capitalism.
In so doing, he discussed the five common misunderstanding still sometime plaguing the case study research approach, challenging each of them as follows: (1) it may seem that “general, theoretical (context-independent) knowledge is more valuable than concrete, practical (context-dependent) knowledge”, while on the contrary experts are those who collected a huge number of experiences, and not those who studied issues in theory; (2) it may seem unmanageable “to generalize on the basis of an individual case”, while on the contrary any scientific discovery is potentially subjected to be falsified according to Karl Popper; (3) it may seem that “the case study is most useful for generating hypothesis, … while other methods are more suitable for hypothesis testing and theory-building”, while on the contrary generalisability does have the potential to be achieved through an appropriate selection of the cases, based on clear criteria; (4) it may seem that “the case study contains a bias…, a tendency
At this purpose, the city of Boston appeared as an ideal field of analysis, considering the long tradition in terms of advocacy planning that dates back to the 60s (as excellently narrated by Gans [10]) and produced a vibrant urban community still active in terms of a considerable number of community-led initiatives [11].
CDCs allow to put into reality a fine grain of local enterprises, capable to stir the potential of the community in terms of entrepreneurship.
Nowadays, while crossing Washington Street, it is possible to appreciate the great number of new businesses in the area, lot of them locally rooted or run by entrepreneurs from minority groups, as well as it is possible to admire very well kept community gardens right in the heart of the neighborhood that testify the high level of engagement of the community in maintaining the urban environment.

By using ANOVA, the effect of factors can be estimated, and by orthogonal arrays, the minimum number of experiments are required.
(1) Where y is the observed data and n is the number of observations; decibel scale (dB) is used expressed the S/N ratio.
SE is the sum of squares due to error, ŋi is the ŋ value of each experiment (i = 1,… .,9), J is the number of experiments in the orthogonal array (in this work, J = 9), ŋAi is the sum of the ith level of parameter A (i = 1, 2, 3,), N is the repeating number of each level of parameter A, fA is the degree of freedom of parameter A and VA is the variance of parameter A.
X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) is the technique to find out the Crystal structure, crystalline grain size.

However, the number of accidents considerably increased with the increasing number of their use.
This type of accident influences not only the ecological point, but also the financial point, given the number of cubic meters passing daily through these pipes.
While SIF solutions are reported in handbooks for many crack geometries and loading cases, T-stress solutions are available only for a small number of test specimens and simple loading cases for instance pure tension and bending.
As noted, several study remarks that the next term may not be negligible for length notches on the order of the grain size. 6.

The most notable one is that OTEC plant operations produce a large number of useful by-products such as potable water, food (aquaculture and agriculture), rare elements, and pharmaceuticals, many of which arise from the pathogen-free, nutrient-rich, cold deep water [1-3].
In response to this trend, an increasing number of papers on resource and economic assessments on OTEC electricity, the current status and research needs for OTEC technologies, and the simulation of the performance of OTEC systems have been published over the last few years (e.g., [4-7]).
Technologies Capital costb (US$2000/kW) Electricity generation efficiencyb (%, LHV basis) Coal-fired steam cycle 1,500–1,170 43.0–52.0 Coal IGCC 1,680–1,300 46.0–54.0 NGCC 630–530 57.0–63.0 Light-water nuclear reactor 2,350–2,100 34.0–37.0 Biomass-fired steam cycle using wood chips 1,880–1,460 24.9–34.0 using grain residues 2,120–1,660 24.9–34.0 using sugarcane residues (a uniform mixture of bagasse and trash) 1,880–1,460 22.1–30.2 using black liquor 4,420–3,440 12.4–13.0 using municipal wastes 1,630–1,270 22.7–31.0 Biomass IGCC using wood chips 2,390–1,530 37.6–45.0 using sugarcane residues (a uniform mixture of bagasse and trash) 2,780–1,780 32.4–37.9 using black liquor 2,010–1,280 25.4–28.7 a.
All cost numbers are based on North American manufacture and construction.
If the reference OTEC electricity generation costs could be reduced further by half, OTEC technologies would be deployed in a number of world Fig. 3.