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Both the Raman and the FTIR spectra elucidate the bonding system of the constituent atoms and groups (such as Si, O and OH) and throw light on their underlying structure.
The large surface area, the smaller particle size and the nanoporous structure critically determine the energy and the intensity of the emitted light.
Furthermore, the properties of silica xerogel are directly influenced not only by the structure of the material but also by the characteristics of the thermal treatment process.
The first peak was location at about 38oC for all samples, which was mainly due to the transition phase of cubic and tetragonal a-cristobalite structures [17].
McHone, Raman Spectroscopic Confirmation of Metastable Cristobalite in Melt Samples From the Wanapitei Impact Structure.

Powder C shows a quite even particle size distribution with finely structured agglomerates (refer to Fig. 5).
Most of these approaches considered the fabrication of thin films or the achievement of a fine coating structure.
It should be noted, that rheological properties of the suspension is strongly influenced by the type of powder (particle size and surface chemistry), the solid fill grade (wt% of solid content), the type of solvent and appropriate additives.
a) LM image of polished cross section. b) SEM image of fractured surface reveals the grain structure.
A detailed coating structure is displayed in Fig. 17b.

The effects of marine atmospheric environment on the microstructure and structure, thermal properties and flexural strength of composite materials were studied by SEM, FTIR, TMA and tensile testing machine.
Infrared Structure.
Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ( FTIR ) was used to characterize the chemical structure of the composites and identify the functional groups.
The basalt fiber on the surface is almost completely exposed and presents a uniform cross-knitted structure, indicating that the composite material almost completely loses the protection of the epoxy resin.
Journal of Building Structures, 2021, 42(2): 166-177

This was performed to get a metal oxide nanoparticle structure.
We calculated the band structures of ZnO using CASTEP.
Figure 2 shows the band structure of ZnO.
The band structure of ZnO Fig. 3.
Imai, Growth conditions for wurtzite zinc oxide films in aqueous solutions, Journal of materials chemistry. 12 (2002) 3773-3778

(b) The schematic illustration of further deposition of MUA on dopamine modified SS304 substrates in ethanol solution and the structure of MUA.
Ulman, Formation and Structure of Self-Assembled Monolayers.
Carroll, The Influence of Headgroup on the Structure of Self-Assembled Monolayers as Viewed by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy.
Carroll, The Influence of Headgroup on the Structure of Self-Assembled Monolayers As Viewed by Scanning Tunneling Microscopy, Langmuir, 2001, 17, 5324-5328
Messersmith, Mussel-inspired surface chemistry for multifunctional coating, Science., 2007, 318, 426-430

The preparation and application of the cationic biopolymer based on xylan-rich hemicelluloses from agricultural biomass Junli Ren1,a,*, Xinwen Peng1,b, Feng Peng2,c, Runcang Sun1,2,d 1State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, China 2Institute of Biomass Chemistry and Technology, Beijing Forest University, China a,* renjunli@scut.edu.cn (corresponding author), bwenwenpeng1229@163.com, cfengpeng@bjfu.edu.cn, dynsun@scut.edu.cn Keywords: xylan-rich hemicelluloses; cationic biopolymers; papermaking; dry strength agent Abstract.
Ren et al. confirmed the chemical structure of sugarcane bagasse hemicelluloses, and L-arabino (4-O-methyl-D-glucurono) xylans were the major constituents of the hemicellulosic polymers [1].
The chemical structure of native hemicelluloses and hemicelluloses-based biopolymers was evaluated by 13C NMR spectroscopy.

Until 1999, Deventor and Palomo firstly put forward the conception of “alkali-activated fly ash (AAFA) [[] J.G.S. van Jaarsveld, J.S.J. van Deventer: Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Research.
Though the structure of the products are still not very clear, the curing conditions, the concentration of alkali activator and the reactive model about AAFA have been investigated a lot.
It was found that with the aid of alkali activation, the smooth shell of fly ash was corroded, the vitreous phase took part in the reaction and disappeared, the inner structure were exploded to outside gradually, and the crystal phases such as mullite and quartz were displayed.

This result suggested that GF’s molecular structure might be different from inulin [23] because it lack of ability of gel formation.
Nevertheless, GF is stable in freezing environment without precipitation, which can be applied in ice-cream without change in structure.
Akobundu: Food Chemistry,Vol.4(1993),p.337

Refer to Fig.1 for the diagram of instrument structure and working principle.
Fig.1 Diagram of instrument structure and working principle Method of experiment.
[5] I.M.Abdulagatov,S.N.Emirov,T.A.Tsomaaeva,Kh.A Gairbekov:Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids.2000,61(5): 779～787

Air cathode and structure of aluminum/air batteries have undergone great development [1, 2].
At the same time, the grain refinement of aluminum generates its uniform structure, which causes uniform corrosion.
Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2002, 77: 305 –309 [6] A.