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Characteristics of the TiO2/SnO2 thick film semiconductor gas sensor to determine fish freshness Jae-MoK Jun 1a , Ji-Young Jung1b, Chang-Seop Lee1c 1 Department of Chemistry, Keimyung University, 1000 Sindang-Dong Dalseo-Gu, Daegu 704-701, Korea a jjm0626@nate.com, b bluesky9533@nate.com, csurfkm@kmu.ac.kr This study investigates the use of TiO2, Pd, Pt, In, Ru, and Rh that greatly improves the sensitivity to trimethylamine gas.
Structure of the gas sensor.
In addition, the phase change was exhibited as a rutile structure.

It is estimated that the market for this chemistry will increase at a rate of about 15% per year [3].
Hexagonal crystal structure ferrite particles containing Ba, Zn, Co and Fe produces large microwave magnetic losses [23-24].
Ray, "Variation of structure in Electroless Ni-P Films with Phosphourus Contents", Z.

Vračar2,c 1 Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, Department of Electrochemistry, Njegoševa 12, 11001 Belgrade Serbia and Montenegro 2 Faculty of Technology and Metallurgy, University of Belgrade, Karnegijeva 4, 11001 Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro a majao@tmf.bg.ac.yu, bbngrgur@tmf.bg.ac.yu, cljvracar@tmf.bg.ac.yu Keywords: Adsorption Parameters, Nickel and Hydrogen Underpotential Deposition, Polycrystalline Platinum.
In general, one could say that by upd of the foreign metal substrate, a new surface structure is formed.
This new structure possesses adsorption-desorption properties different from those of both constituent metals, and its reactivity depends on the nature of the substrate material, the properties of adsorbed atoms, their coverage and the type of interaction between the adsorbed atoms [13-17].

As compared to the VAR process, the hearth melting process, such as PAM and EBM, offers superior ability to remove harmful inclusions and great potential to improve solidification structure of as-cast ingot [4].
Plasma arc is the only heat source during the PAM process, its activity affects the top surface temperature distribution and melting loss of alloying elements, and the structure and lateral surface quality of ingots, and even energy conservation.
Ganina: Materials Chemistry and Physics, Vol. 126(2011), p. 200-206

The ferritic stainless steel is a nickel-free stainless steel or a stainless steel containing only a small amount of nickel, with a ferrite (α-Fe) matrix, body-centered cubic crystal structure, and chromium content of 11%-30% [1].
In China and other many countries, the traffic sign substrate plate should mainly be made with the aluminum alloy materials on the roads with a high level of technology, especially on the highway, and may be made using a carbon steel on the low-grade roads when the sign structure is relatively simple.
Standard GB/T 24721.5. (2009) [5] REN Zhi-yong, XIN Jian-qing and ZHANG Chun-liang: Shanxi Metallurgy No.2 (2005), p. 32 [6] YAN Biao: Stainless Steel Handbook (Chemistry Industry Press, China 2009).

Fabrications of Electroless Ni-P Composite Coatings before and after Annealing and Tribological Analyses Chang-Shuo Chang1, 2, a, Kung-Hsu Hou3, b, Ming-Der Ger4, c, Chen-Kuei Chung1, d and Jen-Fin Lin1, 5, e* 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan. 2Air Force Institute of Technology, Kaohsiung 820, Taiwan. 3Department of Vehicle Engineering, Chung Cheng Institute of Technology, National Defense University, Tao-Yuan 335, Taiwan 4Department of Applied Chemistry, Chung Cheng Institute of Technology, National Defense University, Tao-Yuan 335, Taiwan. 5Center for Micro/Nano Science and Technology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
A broad peak showed the amorphous structure in Ni-P and composite coatings for as-plated specimens.
With increasing in heat-treatment temperature, generation of sharp peaks indicated the transformation from an amorphous phase to crystalline structure and Ni3P at 400°C in 2θ=47.2°.

In sputtering technique, controlled growth and manipulation of structures at the nanoscale dimensions has important implications for the applications of HfO2.
However, it is well known that the film’s optical and electronic properties are highly dependent on the structural characteristics (i.e., structure, crystallite size, crystallographic texture and morphology) and chemistry, which in turn controlled by the fabrication technique, growth conditions etc.

Preparation and property of a bio-char from de-watered sludge and beer lees Yinxin Zhang 1, a, Hui Liu 2,b, Yi Ma1,*,c and Jishi Zhang 3,d 1 School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353, China. 2 Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China 3 Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Qilu University of Technology, Jinan, 250353, China.
Micro-pore structure can be enhanced better at a higher temperature, and thus the specific surface area of bio-char also improved [19].
With the DS ratio increasing at 500℃, surface micro-structure appeared many waves and irregular pores.

Effect of rotating magnetic field on fluid convection and microstructure during directional solidification of Sn-Zn alloy Zhao Chen 1,a*, XiaoLi Wen 2,b ChangLe Chen1,c 1 Key Laboratory of Space Applied Physics and Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China 2 State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China aemail:zhaoch17@nwpu.edu.cn, b email: wenxiaoli@nwpu.edu.cn Keywords: Fluid convection; Solidification microstructure; Rotating magnetic field; Sn-Zn alloy Abstract.
In the last decades, there are some reports on the effect of RMF on the microstructure via experiments and numerical simulations.[8-12] The effect of RMF is mainly reflected in three factors: grain refinement[13,14], modified macrosegregation [15,16] and the transition of structure morphology[17-19].
It can be seen that the microstructure consists of Sn-Zn binary eutectic structure and precipitated phases (Zn) growing with a characteristic of acicular shape.

From Fig.4d, it can be seen that lamellar structure of OMMT which makes it have great surface area.
Materials Chemistry and Physics, 2012(133):87-94 [3] Ali Karaipekli, Ahmet Sari.
Effect of preparation methods on the structure and thermal properties of stearic acid/active montmorillonite phase change materials.