Search results

Biochar generally refers to the biomass such as wood, crop waste, plant tissue or animal bones produced by pyrolysis with hypoxia and relatively ‘low’ temperature (<700℃) [6-7].Generally biochar includes straw carbon, charcoal, bamboo charcoal, peanut shell charcoal, rice hull charcoal etc[8-9].They are composed by arene(aromatic hydrocarbon) and carbon or the carbon with graphite structure, including the element carbon at more than 60%, H, O, N, S and some trace elements as well[10-11].Biochar has the unique surface chemical physics properties of being the dominant adsorption material.
Environmental Chemistry. 31(2012)287-295
Hatcher: Identification of black carbon derived structures in a volcanic ash soil humic acid by Fourier transformion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry.

The as-deposited state (I) demonstrates only the (002) peak of the HCP structure at 2θ = 34.52°.
In the as-deposited state (Fig. 4a), the Mg layer reveals a columnar grain structure with a pronounced texture, the latter also confirmed by the reflection intensities in the corresponding selected area diffraction pattern - SADP (Fig. 4d).
Georg Job, Physical Chemistry from a Different Angle (2011) [9] M.

Results and Discussion Fig. 1 shows the X-Ray Diffractogram of the coarse and the mechanically milled Fe powders and evidences their crystallized structure.
XRD spectra follow the structure changes induced by the mechanical milling process for 1h, 3h, 7h, 12h, 18h, 24h and 36h duration in comparison with the coarse (not yet milled) Fe powder.
Niepce, ‘’The influence of experimental conditions on the size and shape of crystallites produced by a solid state reaction: case of cadmium hydroxide decomposition’’, Journal of solid state chemistry, vol.27 (1979)317-327

The obtained absorbance spectra match with that of raw PP, and the wavenumbers at which the bands occur, especially on the functional group region of the IR spectra, also concur with literature. [20] These peaks, which manifest at around 2800 to 3000 cm-1, together with the bands at 1450 and 712 cm-1, are indicative that the sample has a long, linear aliphatic chain. [21] This is expected since PP exhibits a highly linear structure due to the absence of large pendant groups and bulky substituents.
In terms of polymer degradability, a ΔE value greater than 1.0 will manifest a perceptible color difference, signifying a chemical alteration in the polymer structure. [11] Moreover, a ΔE value between 2.0 and 10.0 will be perceptible at a glance, demonstrating a high degree of chemical decomposition in the polymer.
Coates, “Interpretation of Infrared Spectra, A Practical Approach,” in Encyclopedia of Analytical Chemistry, R.

Synthesis of Glutaraldehyde-Crosslinked Carboxymethyl Cellulose-Polyvinyl Alcohol Film as an Adsorbent for Methylene Blue Dwi Siswantaa*, Rizky Wahyunib and Mudasir Mudasirc Department of Chemistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia adsiswanta@ugm.ac.id, brizky.wahyuni@mail.ugm.ac.id, cmudasir@ugm.ac.id Keywords: Adsorption, film, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, glutaraldehyde Abstract.
Dyestuffs are toxic, dangerous, stable to light, heat and oxidizing agents and difficult to degrade due to the complex aromatic molecular structure [5].
On the other hand, the peak loss at 1095 cm–1 and the appearance of a widened peak at wave number 1103 cm–1 indicate a change in the PVA backbone structure as the result of cross linking reaction [24].

Based on these findings, the current density applied for Ni deposition on Ti substrate plays a vital role towards the surface properties and the structure of the deposited Ni.
In this study, it was found that the presence of more nickel particles due to rough structure for Ni coatings prepared at higher current density led to higher catalytic response for methanol oxidation.
Pushpavanam: Materials Chemistry and Physics Vol. 68 (2001), p. 62-65

Evaluation of Adhesion of Polymer Composite Coatings Zane Grigale-Sorocina1,2,a*, Elina Vindedze1,b and Ingmars Birks1,c 1R&D, Kinetics Nail Systems, Kurzemes prospekts 3K, Riga, Latvia, LV-1026 2Institute of Polymer Materials, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Riga Technical University, Paula Valdena 3, Riga, Latvia, LV-1048 azane.grigale@kineticsbeauty.com, belina.vindedze@kineticsbeauty.com, cingmars.birks@kineticsbeauty.com Keywords: coatings, UV curing, adhesion, monomers, disintegration.
Introduction Photopolymerization is one of the most efficient processes used to produce polymeric materials with well-defined structure and properties.
Sideridou et al., Effect of Chemical Structure on Degree of Conversion in Light-Cured Dimethacrylate-Based Dental Resins, Biomaterials 23 (2002) 1819-1829.

TEOS 98% was obtained from Aldrich Chemistry and used as a silica source.
The chemical structure of the IL and the synthesis procedure are illustrated in Fig. 1.
Gómez, Imidazolium-based ionic liquids immobilized on solid supports: effects on the structure and thermostability, Dalt.

Introduction Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been considered as leading candidate materials for chemiresistive sensors on account of their high aspect ratio, large specific surface area, excellent chemical stability and unique quasi-one-dimensional electronic structures [1-4].
Actually, the structure of networks of nanotubes also play important roles in the final sensing performance during sensing applications.
As we know, NH3 detection was widely applied in various fields, including enviromental, automotive, chemistry industry, and medical diagnostics [32].

Introduction The dispersed mineral additives’ use in the concrete composition allows to reduce the cement consumption without compromising its quality, to control the kinetics and the cement minerals hydration degree; as a result of the additives’ chemical interaction with the hydration products to obtain the qualitatively new compounds and structures [1].
Vyrovoi, Technological damage to building materials and structures, Odessa, 1998
Skhvitaridze, Cement chemistry and methods for accelerated prediction of compressive strength (activity) of cements with mineral additives and concrete, Concrete and Reinforced Concrete. 3 (2005) 6-11