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Machado, submitted to Journal of Applied Polymer Science (2009) [5] X.
Gardette, Journal of Polymer Science A, 29: 685 (1991 [8] J.L.
Stabilization of Polymeric Materials, Springer (1997) [11] H.
Adeniyi, European Polymer Journal, 18 : 469 (1982) [14] S.
Gilg, Macromecular Materials and Engineering 137 : 163 (2003) [16] ISO 4892-2.

Potential materials in the light-weight BIW build-up are Advanced High Strength steel (AHSS), Aluminum, magnesium and Titanium alloys.
However, the shaping process for advanced materials requires high tonnage or pressure and high wear resistance for tool steel materials.
Furthermore, these materials have low elongation at room temperature, difficult to form and springback for finished part is unavoidable.
Worswick, Hot forming of boron steels using heated and cooled tooling for tailored properties, Journal of Materials Processing Technology. 212 (2012) 2386-2399
Jeong, Application of hot press forming process to manufacture an automotive part and its finite element analysis considering phase transformation plasticity, International Journal of Mechanical Sciences. 51 (2009) 888-898

Experimental Materials.
Science and Technology Review, 2008, 26(10):61-64 [3] ZHU Bofang.
Cement and Concrete Composites, 2008, 23(2):263-267 [9] RILEMTC119-TCE: AVOIDANCE OF THERMAL CRACKING IN CONCRETE AT EARLY AGES[J], Materials and Structure, 1997, (30):451-464 [10] H.Y.Qian, M.Deng.
Materials Review, 2009, 21(11):275-277 [11] P.W.Gao, M.S.Tang.
CHINESE JOURNAL OF INORGANIC CHEMISTRY, 2007, 23(6):1063-1068

Advanced Materials Research, Vol. 807-809 (2013), p. 2731 [2] P.
Advanced Materials Research, Vol. 807-809 (2013), p. 2735 [3] Y.
Advanced Materials Research, Vol. 287-290 (2011), p. 738 [5] P.
Materials Protection, Vol. 43 (2010), p. 44 (in Chinese) [6] Z.L.
Journal of Zhengzhou University (Engineering Science), Vol. 26 (2005), p. 85 (in Chinese)

Due to the natural surface charging that occurs with this type of materials, the analyses have been performed using a flood gun.
Grant, Journal of Biomedical Materials Research B: Applied Biomaterials, 96B, ISSUE 2 (2011) [2] S.
Lieber, Science, 293, 1289 (2001) [4] J.
Joud, Materials Science Forum, 457-460, pp 423-426, (2004) [8] R.
Branz, ACS Applied Materials & interface, 3, 3285-3292, (2011) [9] D.

As mentioned above, to conduct a LCA, a large amount of data about materials and processes is needed.
A product involves many materials and processes, thus its LCA model will be very complicated.
The method is based on the point that the use of materials has the most influential on a product's environmental performance.
CIRP Journal of Manufacturing Science and Technology 1 (2009) 214-220 [8] Carl Johan Rydh a, Mingbo Sun.
Life cycle inventory data for materials grouped according to environmental and material properties.

It has been demonstrated that the near-equiatomic TiNi alloys also exhibit high wear resistance, compared to many conventional materials [9-13].
Above Md, the alloy behaves like ordinary materials.
Pelton, Ti-Ni Shape Memory Alloys, in: Materials Properties Handbook: Titanium Alloys (ASM International, New York, 1994) PP.1035-1048
Sleight: Science Vol.272 (1996) p90 [26] J.S.O.
(Eds.), CRC materials science and engineering handbook, (CRC Press, Boca Raton, 2001).

Recently, annealing in an electric field, as well as in other external fields, has been found to have some distinct influences on the microstructures and properties of metal materials [4-10].
Electric field annealing is gradually realized as a useful tool for microstructure and texture control of metallic materials.
Wu: Scripta Metall, Vol. 31 (1994), p. 75 [8] Liu W, Liang K M, Zheng Y K and Cui J Z, Journal of Materials Science, 1996;15:1327 [9] T.
Li et al.: Materials Letters, Vol. 59 (2005), p. 1365 [10] W.
Zuo: Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 39 (2004), p. 4231 [13] L.

The workpiece material was assumed to be elastic-perfectly plastic.
International Journal of Mechanical Sciences 1988; 30(11): 847-868
International Journal of Mechanical Sciences 1988; 30(7): 475-489
Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 1988; 110(1): 22-27
Journal of Tribology, 127(2), 343-354, 2005

Experimental Experimental Materials.
Ouden: Materials Science and Engineering Vol. 26 (1999), p. 198
Ma: Journal of Aeronautical Materials Vol. 24 (2004), p. 52, (In Chinese)
Wang: Journal of Materials and Metallurgy Vol. 1(2002), p. 302, (In Chinese)
Deschamps: Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A: Physical Metallurgy and Materials Science Vol. 35(2004), p. 1437.