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Langdon, The use of severe plastic deformation for microstructural control, Materials Science and Engineering: A. 324 (2002) 82-89
Alexandrov, Bulk nanostructured materials from severe plastic deformation, Progress in Materials Science. 45 (2000) 103-189
Yuansheng, Effect of route on tensile anisotropy in equal channel angular pressing, Materials Science and Engineering: A. 676 (2016) 65-72
Langdon, Principles of equal-channel angular pressing as a processing tool for grain refinement, Progress in Materials Science. 51 (2006) 881-981
Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 969 (2020) 012086

The harm of train fire is conducted in heat radiation, harmful smoke flow and oxygen loss, and the new synthetic materials make poison gas suffocation as the death factors in the fire cause injury.
While other combustible materials, such as the seat, participating in post-combustion shown in fig.4 (d), the smoke flow velocity is increased and the fire is rapidly developed.
References [1] LIU Cai-feng, PENG Lan and LIU Chao: Numerical simulation of smoke movement in train compartment fire accidents, submitted to Journal of Thermal Science and Technology, Vol. 2(2003), p. 352
[2] Du Hongbing, Qi Yixin, Yuan Xuzhong and Ma Guochao: An Experimental Investigation of Smoke Flowing Properties in a Running Train, submitted to CHINA RAILWAY SCIENCE, Vol. 20(1999), p. 31
[5] YAN Jun, WAN Xu and GAO Yong-ting: Numerical simulation of temperature and velocity in three-dimensional single room fire, submitted to Fire Science and Technology, Vol. 22(2003), p. 267

The unidirectional-material properties are listed in Table 2.
Journal of Mechanical Strength, Vol.6 (2004), pp.675-679
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Another possible explanation is that increasing the accumulation of fresh litter and partially decomposed organic materials keeps precipitation from permeating to the mineral soil.
Science, 2002, 298:pp.2202–2205
Journal of Climate, 2006, 19: pp.3337–3353
Journal of Ecology, 2008, 96: pp. 894–902
Soil Science Society of America Journal,2007,71: pp.720–729

Yamada, Development of Magnetic Gear Device - Design and Performance Test for Cylindrical Magnetic Gear –, Journal of JSAEM, Vol.18, pp.257-262, (2010)
Yamada, Analysis and Experiment of Cylindrical Magnetic Gear, Materials Science Forum, 721, 249-254 (2012)
Murakami, Development of Cylindrical Magnetic Gear Prototype, International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, 33, 1397-1404 (2010)
Yamada, Dynamical Performance Test of Cylindrical Magnetic Gear, Journal of the Japan Society of Applied Electromagnetics and Mechanics, 19, 473-478 (2011)
Murakami and Yamada, Relationship between Number of Teeth and Transmission Torque on Cylindrical Magnetic Gear, Materials Science Forum, 792, pp.397-354, (2014)g.

Materials and Methods Materials Chitosan (CS, Mw:1×105）with deacetylation degree of approximate 85% was purchased from Jinan Haidebei Biological engineering Co., Ltd, China.
The osteoblast as tissue cell model was seeded into the coarse surface of the materials with similar procession[10].
Asian Journal of Surgery. 2009;32:180-6
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A. 2011;98A:434-41
Materials Chemistry and Physics. 2004;83:204-8

Krüger, Metal matrix composites based on Ti-6242 synthesized by Spark Plasma Sintering, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 732 (2018) 35-40
Wang, The influence of defect structures on the mechanical properties of Ti-6Al-4V alloys deformed by high-pressure torsion at ambient temperature, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 684 (2017) 1-13
Chen, Effects of direct rolling deformation on the microstructure and tensile properties of the 2.5vol% (TiBw+TiCp)/Ti composites, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 684 (2017) 645-651
Wang, The recrystallization behavior of surface deformation layer of (TiB+TiC)/Ti–6Al–4V composite during isothermal annealing, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 530 (2011) 239-243
Ji, Thermal relaxation of residual stresses in shot peened surface layer of (TiB+TiC)/Ti–6Al–4V composite at elevated temperatures, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 528 (2011) 6478-6483

The rigidity of workpiece varies with the removal of material.
The workpiece material is TC4 titanium alloy with Young’s modulus of 1080GPa and Poisson’s ratio is of 0.33.
Acknowledgement The research work presented in this paper is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.51575272).
Melkote, Iterative fixture layout and clamping force optimization using the genetic algorithm, Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, 124 (2002) 119-125
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The issues which the topology optimization can solve includes: the design of a variety of structures and mechanisms in the field of aerospace, automotive, civil engineering, micro-electromechanical design; cell clamp in the field of life sciences and micro-medical devices in the interventional therapy; the design of composite materials with specific properties.
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Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 2007. 105(2): p. 697-705
Materials and Corrosion, 2005. 56(2): p. 77-82
Journal of Materials Engineering and Performance, 2013. 22(1): p. 176-183
Materials Letters, 2006. 60(21–22): p. 2633-2637
Journal of Materials Science, 2005. 40(2): p. 263-283