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Online since: October 2014
Authors: Yun Fen Hou, Si Ru Zhao, Bo Chao Xu
Introduction
Metakaolin(MK) is produced by calcined kaolin at appropriate temperature, so the calcine temperature and calcine time will affect the activity of MK[1-2].
The mortar strengths of compressive strengths for 28days with MK calcined at different temperatures and without MK are shown in Fig.1.
It can be seen from Fig.1 that comparing with the strengths of sample without MK the compressive strengths of sample with 10% MK are different.
Fig.5 Comparing of mortar strength and acid-alkali dissolution rate References [1] Zheng shuilin, Li yang.
Influence of metakaolin as supplementary cementing material on strength and durability of concretes, Construction and Building Materials, 2012, 30:470-479 [5] J.
The mortar strengths of compressive strengths for 28days with MK calcined at different temperatures and without MK are shown in Fig.1.
It can be seen from Fig.1 that comparing with the strengths of sample without MK the compressive strengths of sample with 10% MK are different.
Fig.5 Comparing of mortar strength and acid-alkali dissolution rate References [1] Zheng shuilin, Li yang.
Influence of metakaolin as supplementary cementing material on strength and durability of concretes, Construction and Building Materials, 2012, 30:470-479 [5] J.
Online since: April 2007
Authors: Ming Xing Ai, Zhen Ying Huang, Hong Xiang Zhai
Introduction
Widespread use of cermets consisting of copper and ceramics, including TiC/Cu and WC/Cu [1], is
due to their unique combination of desirable properties such as high strength, high electrical and
thermal conductivities.
The sample used to the present tribological test was a sample consisted of 50 % Ti3AlC2 and 50 % Cu by a nominal volume percentage; the microstructure is shown in Fig.1.
Fig. 5 is an EDS analyzed result for the Ti3AlC2/Cu friction surface shown in Fig. 4 (a), indicating Fig. 1.
References [1] J.R.
Forum Vol. 475-479 (2004), pp. 1251
The sample used to the present tribological test was a sample consisted of 50 % Ti3AlC2 and 50 % Cu by a nominal volume percentage; the microstructure is shown in Fig.1.
Fig. 5 is an EDS analyzed result for the Ti3AlC2/Cu friction surface shown in Fig. 4 (a), indicating Fig. 1.
References [1] J.R.
Forum Vol. 475-479 (2004), pp. 1251
Online since: June 2008
Authors: Helen Lai Wah Chan, Yi He Zhang, Li Yu, Hong Zheng, Ying Bang Yao, Guo Ge Zhang, Hai Tao Huang, Qing Song Su
Study on the dielectric properties of hybrid and porous polyimide-silica
films
Yihe Zhang*,1,2, a, Qingsong Su
1, b
, Li Yu
1, c
, Hong Zheng
1, d
, Haitao Huang
2, e
,
Guoge Zhang
2, f
,Yingbang Yao2, g
, H.L.W.Chan
2, h
1
School of Materials Science and Technology, China University of Geosciences, Beijing, 100083,
P.R.China;
2
Department of Applied Physics and Materials Research Centre, The Hong Kong Polytechnic
University, Hong Kong, P.R.China
a
zyh@cugb.edu.cn, bsuqingsong0818@126.com,
c
wuhuaqiaomama@126.com,
d
zhengh@cugb.edu.cn, e
aphhuang@polyu.edu.hk, fapgzhang@polyu.edu.hk,
g
yaoyingbang@126.com, hapahlcha@polyu.edu.hk
Keywords::::polyimide; silica; dielectric constant; porous and hybrid film
Abstract: A sol-gel process was used to prepare polyimide-silica hybrid films from the polyimide
precursors and TEOS in N,N- dimethyl acetamide, then the hybrid film was treated with
hydrofluoric acid to remove the dispersed silica particles
, leaving pores with diameters between 80nm to 1µm, depending on the size of silica particles.
For thecomparison purpose, the FTIR absorbance spectra of purepolyimide (Fig.1a), hybrid film (Fig.1b) and porous film (Fig.1c) are shown in Fig. 1.
Spectra (Fig. 1b) verified the presenceof the Si-O-Si stretching band, ranging from 1000 to1100 cm_1, which is associated with open chain structures, as well as a silanol stretching band, Si-OH, which occurs from1020 to 1040 cm_1.
[7] Y H Zhang, Z M Dang, J H Xin: Macromolecular Rapid Communications,2005(26):1473 [8] Y H Zhang, J T Wu and Q.Yan: Polymer, Vol.45(2004), p.7579 [9] Y H Zhang, Y Li and S Y Fu: Polymer, Vol.46(2005), p.8373 [10] Y H Zhang, S Y Fu and S Y Yang: Composite Science and Technology, 2005,(65):1743 [11] Y H Zhang, R K Y Li and S Y Fu: Materials Science Forum, 2005, Vol.475-479(2005), p.1073 [12] Y H Zhang, Y Li and H T Huang: Key Engineering Materials.
, leaving pores with diameters between 80nm to 1µm, depending on the size of silica particles.
For thecomparison purpose, the FTIR absorbance spectra of purepolyimide (Fig.1a), hybrid film (Fig.1b) and porous film (Fig.1c) are shown in Fig. 1.
Spectra (Fig. 1b) verified the presenceof the Si-O-Si stretching band, ranging from 1000 to1100 cm_1, which is associated with open chain structures, as well as a silanol stretching band, Si-OH, which occurs from1020 to 1040 cm_1.
[7] Y H Zhang, Z M Dang, J H Xin: Macromolecular Rapid Communications,2005(26):1473 [8] Y H Zhang, J T Wu and Q.Yan: Polymer, Vol.45(2004), p.7579 [9] Y H Zhang, Y Li and S Y Fu: Polymer, Vol.46(2005), p.8373 [10] Y H Zhang, S Y Fu and S Y Yang: Composite Science and Technology, 2005,(65):1743 [11] Y H Zhang, R K Y Li and S Y Fu: Materials Science Forum, 2005, Vol.475-479(2005), p.1073 [12] Y H Zhang, Y Li and H T Huang: Key Engineering Materials.
Online since: September 2013
Authors: Cong Bin Fan, Gang Liu, Xue Li
Scheme 1.
As shown in Figure 1a, diarylethene 1a exhibited a sharp absorption peak in hexane at 302nm (ε, 4.2 × 104 mol-1 L cm-1) due to π→π* transition, while upon irradiation with UV light, a new visible absorption band centered at 479 nm (ε, 2.0 × 104 mol-1 L cm-1) emerged due to the formation of closed-ring isomer 1c, and accordingly, the solution color changed from colorless to Orange Red.
Fig. 1 Absorption spectral and color changes of compound 1 in hexane (2.0 × 10-5 mol L-1) (a) and in PMMA film (10%, w/w) (b).
The concentration of solution is 2.0 × 10-5 mol L-1.
References [1] M.
As shown in Figure 1a, diarylethene 1a exhibited a sharp absorption peak in hexane at 302nm (ε, 4.2 × 104 mol-1 L cm-1) due to π→π* transition, while upon irradiation with UV light, a new visible absorption band centered at 479 nm (ε, 2.0 × 104 mol-1 L cm-1) emerged due to the formation of closed-ring isomer 1c, and accordingly, the solution color changed from colorless to Orange Red.
Fig. 1 Absorption spectral and color changes of compound 1 in hexane (2.0 × 10-5 mol L-1) (a) and in PMMA film (10%, w/w) (b).
The concentration of solution is 2.0 × 10-5 mol L-1.
References [1] M.
Online since: February 2011
Authors: Hiroshi Fukushima, Yukihiro Kanechika, Masanobu Azuma
., 3-3-1 Shibuya, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo 150-8383, Japan
3Advanced Material Develop.
HRTEM images were recorded by a digital video every 1/30 seconds.
(a) A liquid droplet crystallized between 1/30 and 6/30 seconds.
References [1] H.
Forum Vol. 475-479 (2005), p. 3875 [4] H.
HRTEM images were recorded by a digital video every 1/30 seconds.
(a) A liquid droplet crystallized between 1/30 and 6/30 seconds.
References [1] H.
Forum Vol. 475-479 (2005), p. 3875 [4] H.
Online since: July 2014
Authors: B. Vijaya Ramnath, C. Elanchezhian, V. Muthukumar, V.M. Manickavasagam, S. Jayavel, J. Jenish
So fibers with good strength and modulus and having good bonding with matrix should be used to a produce a good quality composite material [1-3].
This paper is to evaluate impact and compression properties of pineapple fiber based reinforced composite with epoxy resin as matrix. 1.
The test is conducted as per ASTM: D 695 standards Table 1 Energy absorbed in impact and compressive test values for the samples: Sample No Energy absorbed in Joules Ultimate load Fmax (KN) Compressive Strength Compressive modulus KN/mm2 MPa KN/mm2 MPa 1 3.9 7.26 0.06238 62.38 0.484 484 2 4.0 7.54 0.06534 65.34 0.491 491 3 3.8 7.12 0.06120 61.20 0.479 479 4 4.3 7.69 0.06870 68.70 0.491 491 .
Table 1 also shows the ultimate load and the corresponding compressive strength.
References: [1] F.
This paper is to evaluate impact and compression properties of pineapple fiber based reinforced composite with epoxy resin as matrix. 1.
The test is conducted as per ASTM: D 695 standards Table 1 Energy absorbed in impact and compressive test values for the samples: Sample No Energy absorbed in Joules Ultimate load Fmax (KN) Compressive Strength Compressive modulus KN/mm2 MPa KN/mm2 MPa 1 3.9 7.26 0.06238 62.38 0.484 484 2 4.0 7.54 0.06534 65.34 0.491 491 3 3.8 7.12 0.06120 61.20 0.479 479 4 4.3 7.69 0.06870 68.70 0.491 491 .
Table 1 also shows the ultimate load and the corresponding compressive strength.
References: [1] F.
Online since: May 2011
Authors: Chang Qi Chen, Pei Ying Liu, Tie Tao Zhou, Zhong Kui Zhao
Effect of Erbium on Precipitation of Aged Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Li Alloy
Zhong-kui ZHAO 1, a, Tie-tao ZHOU 2,b, Pei-ying LIU 2,c and Chang-qi CHEN 2,d
1 Materials Science and Engineering School, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China
2 Materials Science and Engineering school, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
ajorezhk@163.com, bttzhou@public.fhnet.cn.net, cpyliu@buaa.edu.cn, dchangqichen@yahoo.com
Keywords: erbium; precipitation; Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Li alloy; ageing
Abstract. 0.3%Er is added to Al-5.6Zn-1.9Mg-1.6Cu-1.0Li alloy (in wt.%) to investigate the effect of erbium on microstructure of the alloy.
In this paper, 0.3%Er is added to the Al-5.6Zn-1.9Mg-1.6Cu-1.0Li alloy (in wt.%) to investigate the effect of erbium on the microstructure of the alloy.
Experimental Procedure The composition of the alloys studied is Al-5.6Zn-2.0Mg-1.6Cu-1.0Li-0.24Cr (alloy A) and Al-5.6Zn-1.9Mg-1.6Cu-1.0Li-0.3Er (alloy B) (in wt.%), which were melted by a vacuum furnace and then cast in a water-cooled mould under argon protective condition.
References [1] F.
Forum Vol. 475-479 (2005), p. 325 [4] Z.K.
In this paper, 0.3%Er is added to the Al-5.6Zn-1.9Mg-1.6Cu-1.0Li alloy (in wt.%) to investigate the effect of erbium on the microstructure of the alloy.
Experimental Procedure The composition of the alloys studied is Al-5.6Zn-2.0Mg-1.6Cu-1.0Li-0.24Cr (alloy A) and Al-5.6Zn-1.9Mg-1.6Cu-1.0Li-0.3Er (alloy B) (in wt.%), which were melted by a vacuum furnace and then cast in a water-cooled mould under argon protective condition.
References [1] F.
Forum Vol. 475-479 (2005), p. 325 [4] Z.K.
Online since: February 2015
Authors: Keyvan Seyedi Niaki, Seyed Ebrahim Vahdat
Experimental Methods
Table 1 demonstrates the chemical analysis of AISI S1 used in this study.
In the case of 48 h of soaking time, the required tempering time was 1 h.
References [1] J.
[4] B.S., 10002–1, Metallic materials tensile testing, Part 1: method of test at ambient temperature, British Standards Institution, UK, 2001
Junik, Effect of cryogenic treatment on distribution of residual stress in case carburized En 353 steel, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 479 (2008) 229-235
In the case of 48 h of soaking time, the required tempering time was 1 h.
References [1] J.
[4] B.S., 10002–1, Metallic materials tensile testing, Part 1: method of test at ambient temperature, British Standards Institution, UK, 2001
Junik, Effect of cryogenic treatment on distribution of residual stress in case carburized En 353 steel, Materials Science and Engineering: A, 479 (2008) 229-235
Online since: December 2012
Authors: Xiao Hua Yuan, Xian Bin Dai
Shizuishan desulfurization project, for example, in the desulfurization 6kV bus at the application of shunt power capacitors for reactive power compensation of energy conservation analysis.
3.1. 1 The Shizuishan desulfurization project electrical system design parameters and operation of the measured parameters
(1)Guodian Shizuishan Power Plant 2 * 330MW units FGD project construction drawings load statistics shown in table 3.1:
Table 3.1 Shizuishan power plant desulfurization system construction drawings load statistics
NO.
Device name Rated power of motor PN(kW) Desulfurization 6kV A Desulfurization 6kV B Remarks connected units work units Comput capacity (kW) connected units work units Comput capacity (kW) 1 Desulfurization booster fan 2800 1 1 2800 1 1 2800 2 Circulation pump 1 630 1 1 630 1 1 630 3 Circulation pump 2 710 1 1 710 1 1 710 4 Circulation pump 3 710 1 1 710 1 1 710 5 Oxidation fan 250 2 1 250 2 1 250 6 Low-voltage motors (Note) 1 1 1464 1 1 1190 Total rated power∑PN 6564 6290 Note: The low-voltage motors rated power by each low-voltage load conversion factor
Parameter name Unit Desulfurization 6kV A Desulfurization 6kV B Remarks 1 Active powerP kW 4653 3994 2 Reactive powerQ kvar 3583 3437 3 Apparent powerS kVA 5873 5269 4 Power factor cosφ 100% 0.79 0.76 5 Bus voltage U kV 6.21 6.37 6 Bus current I A 544 479 7 The accumulated power in a day kWh 105940 93307 Note: The apparent power S, the power factor cosφ computing data, the rest of the actual operating data for the franchise company. 3.1.2 Section A transformation of energy conservation analysis of reactive power compensation in the desulfurization 6kV Compensation the reactive power in desulfurization 6kV bus at the shunt capacitor, to convenience of calculation, we can consider that the load are given in Table 3.1 all in parallel with the bus 6kV motor, each motor are accordance with the domestic YKK series 6kV Three-phase asynchronous motor taken in rated power factor cosφN = 0.85, ηN = 0.94.
Automatic control, including protection, JX-the IBC-1 intelligent compensation switching control system, a total of three KYN28 cabinet size, indoor installation.
References [1] Factory commonly used in electrical equipment manusl .books.Supplement the 2002 China Electric Power Press
Device name Rated power of motor PN(kW) Desulfurization 6kV A Desulfurization 6kV B Remarks connected units work units Comput capacity (kW) connected units work units Comput capacity (kW) 1 Desulfurization booster fan 2800 1 1 2800 1 1 2800 2 Circulation pump 1 630 1 1 630 1 1 630 3 Circulation pump 2 710 1 1 710 1 1 710 4 Circulation pump 3 710 1 1 710 1 1 710 5 Oxidation fan 250 2 1 250 2 1 250 6 Low-voltage motors (Note) 1 1 1464 1 1 1190 Total rated power∑PN 6564 6290 Note: The low-voltage motors rated power by each low-voltage load conversion factor
Parameter name Unit Desulfurization 6kV A Desulfurization 6kV B Remarks 1 Active powerP kW 4653 3994 2 Reactive powerQ kvar 3583 3437 3 Apparent powerS kVA 5873 5269 4 Power factor cosφ 100% 0.79 0.76 5 Bus voltage U kV 6.21 6.37 6 Bus current I A 544 479 7 The accumulated power in a day kWh 105940 93307 Note: The apparent power S, the power factor cosφ computing data, the rest of the actual operating data for the franchise company. 3.1.2 Section A transformation of energy conservation analysis of reactive power compensation in the desulfurization 6kV Compensation the reactive power in desulfurization 6kV bus at the shunt capacitor, to convenience of calculation, we can consider that the load are given in Table 3.1 all in parallel with the bus 6kV motor, each motor are accordance with the domestic YKK series 6kV Three-phase asynchronous motor taken in rated power factor cosφN = 0.85, ηN = 0.94.
Automatic control, including protection, JX-the IBC-1 intelligent compensation switching control system, a total of three KYN28 cabinet size, indoor installation.
References [1] Factory commonly used in electrical equipment manusl .books.Supplement the 2002 China Electric Power Press
Online since: October 2010
Authors: Xue Peng Liu, Dong Mei Zhao, Bin Wang
It was widely adopted in the last decade[1,2] , and some
applications to PID controllers were also devised.
(1) perish algorithm: it is assumed that | Abi dλ λ ∃ < ,1 i s< < .
So mat i mat i-1 mat i-1 | Ab | Ab | Ab 4 z z δ = + (4) mat i mat i-1 mat i-1 | Ab | Ab | Ab 2 δ δ δ= + (5) mat i mat i+1 mat i+1 | Ab | Ab | Ab 4 z z δ = − (6) mat i mat i+1 mat i+1 | Ab | Ab | Ab 2 δ δ δ= + (7) If | Abi dλ λ ∃ < , 1i = , then mat i mat i+1 mat i+1 | Ab | Ab | Ab 2 z z δ = − (8) mat i+1 mat i+1 mat i | Ab | Ab | Ab δ δ δ = + (9) If | Abi dλ λ ∃ < ,i s= , then mat i mat i-1 mat i-1 | Ab | Ab | Ab 2 z z δ = + (10) mat i-1 mat i-1 mat i | Ab | Ab | Ab δ δ δ = + (11) Clone algorithm: if | Abi
References [1] Astrom K, Hagglund T.
"Dynamic behaviour model of permanent magnet synchronous motor fed by PWM inverter and fuzzy logic controller for stator phase current, flux and torque control of PMSM", IEMDC'01 2001,pp: 479~485 [10] Xiaohui Ge, Jin Huang.
(1) perish algorithm: it is assumed that | Abi dλ λ ∃ < ,1 i s< < .
So mat i mat i-1 mat i-1 | Ab | Ab | Ab 4 z z δ = + (4) mat i mat i-1 mat i-1 | Ab | Ab | Ab 2 δ δ δ= + (5) mat i mat i+1 mat i+1 | Ab | Ab | Ab 4 z z δ = − (6) mat i mat i+1 mat i+1 | Ab | Ab | Ab 2 δ δ δ= + (7) If | Abi dλ λ ∃ < , 1i = , then mat i mat i+1 mat i+1 | Ab | Ab | Ab 2 z z δ = − (8) mat i+1 mat i+1 mat i | Ab | Ab | Ab δ δ δ = + (9) If | Abi dλ λ ∃ < ,i s= , then mat i mat i-1 mat i-1 | Ab | Ab | Ab 2 z z δ = + (10) mat i-1 mat i-1 mat i | Ab | Ab | Ab δ δ δ = + (11) Clone algorithm: if | Abi
References [1] Astrom K, Hagglund T.
"Dynamic behaviour model of permanent magnet synchronous motor fed by PWM inverter and fuzzy logic controller for stator phase current, flux and torque control of PMSM", IEMDC'01 2001,pp: 479~485 [10] Xiaohui Ge, Jin Huang.