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To improve the mechanical properties of Al-Si alloys can be added Cu elements.
Ovono et al. [8] observed that fatigue cracks always nucleated from larger pores and intermetallic compounds of cast 333 aluminum alloys.They also found that the fatigue life of Al–Si–Cu alloys was essentially controlled by the volume fraction of pores and the density of intermetallic compounds.
SEM photograph of Al10Si-1Cu Fig. 4 shows the hardness values of alloys, 1% Cu hardness value of 84.29 HRB, 3% Cu alloys are 91.60 HRB, and 5% Cu alloys are 97.33 HRB, the higher the Cu content the higher the hardness .
In alloys with 5% Cu having a strain value of 2.4% whereas alloys with 1% Cu have a strain value of 3.1%.
Massinon, Study on low-cycle fatigue behaviours of the aluminium cast alloys, Journal of Alloys and Compounds 452 (2008) 425–431

Kao, Journal of Electronic Materials, 30 (2001) 1152-1156
Kivilahti, Journal Material Research, 17 (2002) 291-301
Tong, Journal of Electronic Materials, 32 (2003) 558-563
Kim, Journal Alloys Compounds, 379 (2004) 314-318
Lin, Journal Alloys Compounds, 422 (2006) 153-163

We have to mention here that neither the microscopic analyze, nor the Roentgen one make evident the presence of the intermetallic compounds Fe-Co.
The probability of forming such compounds is very low, as the electrochemical and geometrical factors, as well as the electronic concentration of Fe and Co are favorable for the forming at high temperatures of solid solutions with high solubility of components.
As per the theory put above and per the mechanism of alloys solidification, the dispersed phase particles with relatively big sizes 5-10µm should be included in the crystals.
[2] Gasser, E., Kreutz, E.W., Krönert, et. al.: Dispersion of hard particules in light alloys with CO2 laser radiation, ECLAT, Göttingen, DGM Verlag, Germania , 1992, p. 651-653
Bianco: Laser cladding and alloying of a Ni-base superalloy on plain carbon steel, Journal of Materials Science, 29,(1994), p. 504-509

Introduction An inherent feature of magnesium alloys is their extremely high affinity to oxygen [1].
They aim at oxidation protection of existing magnesium alloys as well as the development of new alloys with improved resistance, capable of withstanding demanding processing and service conditions.
Pilling-Bedworth (P-B) ratios for selected magnesium compounds and alumina [9].
Czerwinski, Journal of The Minerals, Metals and Materials Society 64 (2012) 1447-1483
Alloys Compd. 456 (2008) 384-389

Heat 43-1 is not alloyed with titanium and boron.
This circumstance is an illustration of the fact that the increase in hardenability is affected only by part of the boron that is not bound to stable compounds.
Conclusion The presented data indicate the necessity to protect boron from gases dissolved in the molten steel, such as oxygen and nitrogen, in order to prevent the formation of persistent compounds and reduction of the “effective” boron concentration, which increases the hardenability of steel.
Lappo, Borontreated steels and alloys, Metallurgy, Moscow, 1986
Anjana, Influence of Boron on the Hardenability of Unalloyed and Low Alloyed Steel, International Journal of Metallurgical Engineering. (2013) 47-51

These compounds contain heteroatoms with lone pairs of electrons, enabling them to effectively adsorb onto the steel surface.
Kumar, Understanding functional group effect on corrosion inhibition efficiency of selected organic compounds, Journal of Molecular Liquids 344 (2021) 117755
Zhang, Organic compounds as corrosion inhibitors for carbon steel in HCl solution: a comprehensive review, Materials 15(6) (2022) 2023
Asatkar, Heteroatom-based compounds as sustainable corrosion inhibitors: an overview, Journal of Bio-and Tribo-Corrosion 7(1) (2021) 15
Oluwole, Anticorrosion potential of inhibitive Suphtrim drug on aluminium alloys in 0.5 M H2SO4, Journal of Bio-Tribo-Corrosion 6 (2020) 1-8

The aim of this research is to study the effects of welding repair parameters on weld joint of tube 35Cr-45Ni-Nb alloy by using the Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (GTAW) process of two different base metals.
In general, this alloy has microstructures consisting of two types of compounds in the Ni matrix (γ) that are 1) carbide (M23C6) and 2) gamma double prime (γ") or Ni3Nb [4].
[4] ASM International, American society for metals, properties and selection: Nonferrous alloys and special-purpose materials, Materials park, Ohio, (1993) 1361-1369
Abbas, Carburisation of Fe–Ni–Cr alloys at high temperatures, Mater.
[10] NACE Standard TM 0498-98, Standard test methods for measuring the carburization of alloys used for ethylene cracking furnace tubes, NACE International, Texas, 2002

The aim of this study is to analyze the influence of interstitial and substitutional elements, in addition to different heat treatments, on structure, microstructure and some mechanical properties (hardness, modulus of elasticity and internal friction) of Ti-15Zr alloys with the addition of different levels of Mo and interstitial oxygen.
The microstructures of alloys were analysed using optical microscopy images.
The aging treatment allowed α phase precipitation in alloys with a low amount of Mo [7].
Caram: Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials Vol. 32 (2014), p. 31
Schneider: Journal of Alloys and Compounds Vol. 616 (2014), p. 420.

The aim of this research is to investigate the effect of MA parameters on the W/Cu materials used for electrical contacts.
T., Modeling of mechanical alloying Part III, Application of computational programs.
Journal of Refractory Metals & Hard Materials 28 (2010) 301–304 [9] Cheng Jigui, Wan Lei, Cai Yanbo, Zhu Jinchuan, Song Peng, Dong Jie, Fabrication of W–20wt.
%Cu alloys by powder injection molding, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 210 (2010) 137–142 [10] Sung-Soo Ryu, Gil-Su Kim, Jin-Chun Kim, Sung-Tag Oh, Young Do Kim, The influence of annealing temperature on the microstructural development of W–Cu composite powder prepared by high-energy ball milling.
Journal of Alloys and Compounds 424 (2006) 209–212.

Obtained results Rm above 700MPa (for AlZnMg alloy) and above 500MPa (for AlCuMg alloy) shows significant possibilities of manufacturing from Al alloys powders products with ultrafine grain and nanometric structure which properties exceeding alloys manufactured with standard methods.
Within the scope of broadly understood powder metallurgy, powders of metals, intermetallic compounds and chemical compounds of metals and/or non-metals are fabricated to be subjected later to pressing, or pressing and sintering, to obtain final materials with a porous structure.
Misiołek, Consolidation of metal powders during the extrusion process, Journal of Mat.
Yilmaz, Investigation extrusion ratio effect on mechanical behaviour of extruded alloy AA-6063, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 135 (2003) 101-108 [5] ASM Specialty Handbook.
Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys.